A compact high gain wideband millimeter wave 1 × 2 array antenna for 26/28 GHz 5G applications

Circuit World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousra Ghazaoui ◽  
Mohammed EL Ghzaoui ◽  
Sudipta Das ◽  
BTP Madhav ◽  
Ali el Alami
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Wide Bandwidth ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compact Size

Purpose This paper aims to present the design, fabrication and analysis of a wideband, enhanced gain 1 × 2 patch antenna array with a simple profile structure to meet the desired antenna traits, such as wide bandwidth, high gain and directional patterns expected for the upcoming fifth-generation (5G) wireless applications in the millimeter wave band. To enhance these parameters (bandwidth and gain), a new antenna geometry by using a T-junction power divider is presented. Design/methodology/approach The theory behind this paper is connected with advancements in the 5G communications related to antennas. The methodology used in this work is to design a high gain array antenna and to identify the best possible power divider to deliver the power in an optimized way. The design methodology adopts several steps like the selection of proper substrate material as per the design specification, size of the antenna as per the frequency of operation and application-specific environment condition. The simulation has been performed on the designed antenna in the electromagnetic simulation tool (high-frequency structure simulator [HFSS]), and optimization has been done with parametric analysis, and then the final array antenna model is proposed. The proposed array contains 2-patch elements excited by one port adapted to 50 Ω through a T-junction power divider. The 1 × 2 array configuration with the suggested geometry helps to improve the overall gain of the antenna, and the implementation of the T-junction power divider provides enhanced bandwidth. The proposed array designed using a 1.6 mm thick flame retardant substrate occupies a compact area of 14 × 12.14 mm2. Findings The prototype of the array antenna is fabricated and measured to validate the design concept. A good agreement has been reached between the measured and simulated antenna parameters. The measured results confirm its wideband and high gain characteristics, covering 24.77–28.80 GHz for S11= –10 dB with a peak gain of about 15.16 dB at 27.65 GHz. Originality/value The proposed antenna covers the bandwidth requirements of the 26 GHz n258 band (24.25–27.50 GHz) to be deployed in the UK and Europe. The suggested antenna structure also covers the federal communications commission (FCC)-regulated 28 GHz n261 band (27.5–28.35 GHz) to be deployed in America and Canada. The low profile, compact size, simple structure, wide bandwidth, high gain and desired directional radiation patterns confirm the applicability of the suggested array antenna for the upcoming 5 G wireless systems.

scholarly journals High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Patch Array Antenna for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Application

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3914
Author(s):  
Kyei Anim ◽  
Jung-Nam Lee ◽  
Young-Bae Jung
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Large Patch ◽  
Large Coupling

A high-gain millimeter-wave patch array antenna is presented for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). For the large-scale patch array antenna, microstrip lines and higher-mode surface wave radiations contribute enormously to the antenna loss, especially at the millimeter-wave band. Here, the element of a large patch array antenna is implemented with a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch fed by the aperture-coupled feeding (ACF) structure. However, in this case, a large coupling aperture is used to create strongly bound waves, which maximizes the coupling level between the patch and the feedline. This approach helps to improve antenna gain, but at the same time leads to a significant level of back radiation due to the microstrip feedline and unwanted surface-wave radiation, especially for the large patch arrays. Using the SIW cavity-backed patch and stripline feedline of the ACF in the element design, therefore, provides a solution to this problem. Thus, a full-corporate feed 32 × 32 array antenna achieves realized gain of 30.71–32.8 dBi with radiation efficiency above 52% within the operational band of 25.43–26.91 GHz. The fabricated antenna also retains being lightweight, which is desirable for UAVs, because it has no metal plate at the backside to support the antenna.

A High Gain Circularly Polarized Microstrip Array Antenna At Millimeter-Wave Band

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjian Hu ◽  
Qingwen Deng ◽  
Xiaojun Ying ◽  
Siyi Shen ◽  
Yuming Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Millimeter Wave Band ◽  
Microstrip Array ◽  
Microstrip Array Antenna

High gain switched beam Yagi-Uda antenna for millimeter wave communications

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Aylapogu ◽  
Madhu Sudan Donga ◽  
Venkatachari D. ◽  
RamaDevi B.
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Feed Line ◽  
5G Mobile Communications ◽  
Millimeter Wave Communications

Purpose The suggested antenna has a switched mechanism among the successive elements of the radiating patch. The purpose of this paper is to develop high gain and less interference at higher frequencies. Design/methodology/approach The design geometry of the suggested high gain switched beam Yagi-Uda antennas. The constructed antenna has been developed with Rogers Substrate, relative permittivity (εr) of 4.4, tangent of loss 0.0009 and with height of 1.6 mm. The proposed antenna has an input impedance of 50, and it is connected to input feed line with 2 mm. Findings In forthcoming life, the antennas play key role in all the wireless devices, because these devices perform with high gain and high efficacy. Originality/value The pivotal principle of this paper is to accomplish the gain as high, high directivity and interference is low at higher frequencies. Therefore, it is more applicable to 5G mobile communications and millimeter wave communications.

scholarly journals Non-Uniformly Powered and Spaced Corporate Feeding Power Divider for High-Gain Beam with Low SLL in Millimeter-Wave Antenna Array

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4753
Author(s):  
Md Nazim Uddin ◽  
Sangjo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Power Dividers ◽  
Uniform Spacing ◽  
Parasitic Patch

A corporate feeding antenna array with parasitic patches has been investigated previously for millimeter-wave applications due to its high gain and wide bandwidth. However, the parasitic patch integration in the uniformly powered and spaced patch antenna array led to a high sidelobe level (SLL). In this study, we designed a non-uniformly powered and spaced corporate feeding network to feed a 12-element parasitic patch-integrated microstrip antenna array for SLL reduction at 28 GHz in the millimeter-wave band. In the power divider, we arranged two one-to-six unequally feeding power dividers from the opposite side to feed 12 antenna elements with non-uniform excitation, and effectively controlled the spacing between antenna elements. The two opposite input ports from the power divider were fed 180° out-of-phase for good isolation between the adjacent antenna elements. To verify the SLL reduction effect from the non-uniform spacing in the array, we designed two non-uniformly powered patch antenna arrays with uniform and non-uniform spacing. In the measurement, the non-uniformly powered and spaced patch antenna array demonstrated a nearly 16.56 dBi boresight gain and −17.27 dB SLL, which is nearly 2 dB lower than the uniformly spaced counterpart. Finally, we expect that the non-uniformly powered and spaced high gain patch antenna array with a low SLL will be suitable for millimeter-wave communication applications.

LTCC Partially-Filled Post-Wall Rectangular-Waveguide Slot Array Antenna in the Millimeter-Wave Band

2012 ◽  
Vol E95.C (10) ◽  
pp. 1635-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfeng SHE ◽  
Jiro HIROKAWA ◽  
Makoto ANDO ◽  
Daisuke HANATANI ◽  
Masahiro FUJIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Rectangular Waveguide ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Waveguide Slot ◽  
Millimeter Wave Band

Printed array antenna with an elephant trunk shape radiating patch for Bluetooth and WLAN applications

Circuit World ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
Yashar Zehforoosh ◽  
Mehdi Zavvari
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Elephant Trunk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Wilkinson Power Divider

Purpose This purpose of this study is to present a novel four-element array antenna in combination with a modified Wilkinson power divider feeding network. Design/methodology/approach The two covering bands of this planar array antenna are achieved by an Elephant trunk shape (ETS) radiating element; therefore, two frequency bands for Bluetooth (2.4 GHz) and the wireless local area network (WLAN) band (5.15-5.825 GHz) are obtained. Findings An improved design of the power divider with curved corners rather than the sharp edges and certain new modifications in the length of matching stubs are implemented. Originality/value This paper describes an improved four-way Wilkinson power divider with excellent loss of insertion and adequate return loss for all ports and good isolation performance within two frequency bands (2.4 and 5.5 GHz) and when loaded with array components; the modified power divider complies with the design requirements. To comprehend its behavior, numerical and experimental results are provided. The simulated and measured results indicate a proper bandwidth coverage of the suggested antenna, stable radiation patterns and high gain.

Design and characterization of a T-shaped two-axis force sensor

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-782
Author(s):  
Liang Zhong ◽  
Feifei Li ◽  
Yuxin Peng ◽  
Qiang Yang ◽  
Mingming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensor Head ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Basic Performance

Purpose This paper aims to propose a type of T-shaped two-axis force sensor for measuring the forces in x- and z-axes. The developed sensor has a simple structure and can be effectively assembled into compact devices. Design/methodology/approach A T-shaped plate, with both ends fixed on a base, is used as the substrate of the sensor. Eight strain gauges are placed in the root of the plate or near the sensor head, which can construct two full Wheatstone bridges on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate. When the x- or z-axes forces are applied to the sensor head, different deformation can be generated to the strain gauges. Therefore, the two Wheatstone bridges can be constructed with a different configuration for measuring the forces in x- or z-axes, respectively. Findings A prototype was designed and constructed and experiments were carried out to test the basic performance of the sensor. It has been verified that the developed sensor could measure the x- and z-axes forces independently with a high resolution of 2.5 and 5 mN, respectively. Originality/value Only one thin plate was used in the design, the forces in x- and z-axes could be measured independently and simultaneously, which made the sensor with a simple structure and compact size. Experiments were also verified that there was no crosstalk error occurred in one axis when the force was applied to the other axis.

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