The Durable Purchasing Behaviour of the Individual Household

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Individual Household ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
The Individual

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION ON DISASTER PREPAREDNESS CASE STUDY OF 2012 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKES ON THAILAND’S

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raya Muttarak ◽  
Wiraporn Pothisiri
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Individual

In this paper we investigate how well residents of the Andaman coast in Phang Nga province, Thailand, are prepared for earthquakes and tsunami. It is hypothesized that formal education can promote disaster preparedness because education enhances individual cognitive and learning skills, as well as access to information. A survey was conducted of 557 households in the areas that received tsunami warnings following the Indian Ocean earthquakes on 11 April 2012. Interviews were carried out during the period of numerous aftershocks, which put residents in the region on high alert. The respondents were asked what emergency preparedness measures they had taken following the 11 April earthquakes. Using the partial proportional odds model, the paper investigates determinants of personal disaster preparedness measured as the number of preparedness actions taken. Controlling for village effects, we find that formal education, measured at the individual, household, and community levels, has a positive relationship with taking preparedness measures. For the survey group without past disaster experience, the education level of household members is positively related to disaster preparedness. The findings also show that disaster related training is most effective for individuals with high educational attainment. Furthermore, living in a community with a higher proportion of women who have at least a secondary education increases the likelihood of disaster preparedness. In conclusion, we found that formal education can increase disaster preparedness and reduce vulnerability to natural hazards.

scholarly journals Reproductive Health and Family Planning Services in Africa: Looking beyond Individual and Household Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alhaji A. Aliyu ◽  
Tukur Dahiru
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Utilization Of Services ◽  
Community Influence ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Individual

Worldwide, there have been remarkable gains in the provision and utilization of reproductive health and FP services. However, in Africa, despite increasing availability, utilization of these services is less than 50%, even though there are wide variations among and within the countries across the continent. Articles from peer-reviewed journals, technical reports, Internet articles, grey literature (official government documents, technical reports, etc.) and Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) reports were used as resource materials. Manual search of reference list of selected articles was done for further relevant materials. We also used for comparative analysis, the online StatCompiler tool (https://www.statcompiler.com/en/) to extract data. Reproductive health and contraceptives have a lot of benefits to the individual, family and community. However, despite near universal knowledge and availability of reproductive health and FP services in Africa, utilization of these services is less than optimal. Several factors operating at individual, household and within the community influence utilization of services. These factors are the cause of poor maternal health and care that might hinder population health and the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Interventions to promote and sustain utilization of services should target these factors at different levels depending upon relative role/s of these factors.

Property Crime Victimisation: The Roles of Individual and Area Influences

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Trickett ◽  
Denise R. Osborn ◽  
Dan Ellingworth
Keyword(s):  
Property Crime ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

The likelihood of being a victim of property crime is modelled using the characteristics of the individual household and of the area. In addition to total property crime, we separately consider the components of burglary, theft and criminal damage. In all cases, both area and individual variables are significant predictors of victimisation risk, but the area is generally more important than the individual. We also find that an unexplained correlation remains between households within the same area. To caricature our overall results, young professionals living in detached or semi-detached houses in poor areas are particularly likely to fall victim to crime.

scholarly journals Past Vector Similarity for Short Term Electrical Load Forecasting at the Individual Household Level

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 42771-42785
Author(s):  
Haris Mansoor ◽  
Huzaifa Rauf ◽  
Muhammad Mubashar ◽  
Muhammad Khalid ◽  
Naveed Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Electrical Load Forecasting ◽  
The Individual

A Vision of the Future? An Innovative Database Micromarketing System

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
S. Flowers
Keyword(s):  
Vision System ◽  
Type Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Customer Preferences ◽  
Promotion System ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Targeted Marketing ◽  
The Individual

The increase in the scale of retail grocery operations to the supermarkets of today has been at the expense of the detailed knowledge of local customer preferences that small retailers could possess. This article examines the features of a technological solution to this problem and describes how the Vision System, an interactive multimedia point-of-sale shopper loyalty and promotion system, is revolutionizing retail marketing in the United States. The implications of highly-targeted marketing at the individual household level, micromarketing, are examined and it is suggested that supermarkets using such systems would achieve a significant competitive advantage. It is also suggested that the widespread adoption of Vision-type systems would have a profound impact upon manufacturers and the marketing industry as a whole.

scholarly journals The Measurement of Food Insecurity in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9829
Author(s):  
Elena Carrillo-Álvarez ◽  
Blanca Salinas-Roca ◽  
Lluís Costa-Tutusaus ◽  
Raimon Milà-Villarroel ◽  
Nithya Shankar Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
High Income ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Measurement Strategies

The measurement of food insecurity is essential to monitor the prevalence, risk factors, consequences and effects of food insecurity and the interventions and policies implemented to tackle it. Yet, how best to apply it remains an unsettled issue due to the multifaceted and context-dependent nature of food insecurity. We report a scoping review of measures of food insecurity at the individual and household level in high-income countries with the final purpose of facilitating a catalogue of instruments to be used by both researchers and practitioners. The scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We included all types of documents published between 2000–2020 using instruments that estimate food insecurity at both individual and household level in high-income countries, and with respondents including adolescents, adults, and elderly. We identified a total of 23 measurement strategies being used in 33 peer-reviewed publications and 114 documents from the grey literature. Our results show that most measures focus on the access dimension of food insecurity and that further research is required to develop measures that incorporate aspects of quality of dietary intake and relevant individual, household and social conditions related to food insecurity.

scholarly journals Decomposing the educational inequalities in the risk factors of severe acute malnutrition among under-five children in low and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
Ngianga- Bakwin Kandala ◽  
Olalekan Uthman
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Low- and Middle-income countries (LMIC) are still plagued with the burden of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). While studies have identified factors that influence SAM, efforts have not been made to decompose the educational inequalities across the individual, neighbourhood and national levels in LMIC. This study aims to decompose educational-related inequalities in the prevalence of SAM across LMIC.Methods We pooled successive secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted between 2010 and 2018 in 51 LMIC. We analysed data of 532,680 under-five children nested within 55,823 neighbourhoods. Severe acute malnutrition was the outcome variable while the literacy status of mothers (literate vs illiterate) was the main exposure variable. The explanatory variables cut across the individual-, household and neighbourhood-level factors of the mothers-children pair. Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method was used to analyse the educational gap in the factors associated with SAM.Results Mothers with no formal education ranged from 0.1% in Armenia and Kyrgyz to as much as 86.1% in Niger. The overall prevalence of SAM in the group of children whose mothers had no education was 5.8% compared with 4.2% among those whose mothers were educated. Thirteen countries had statistically significant pro-illiterate inequality (i.e. SAM concentrated among uneducated mothers) while none of the countries showed statistically significant pro-literate inequality. There were variations in the important factors responsible for the educational inequalities across the countries. On average, neighbourhood socioeconomic status disadvantage, location of residence were the most important factors in most countries. Other contributors to the explanation of educational inequalities are birth weight, maternal age and toilet type.Conclusions We identified that SAM is prevalent in most LMIC with wide educational inequalities. The occurrence of SAM was explained by the individual, household and community-level factor. A potential strategy to reduce the burden of SAM to reduce educational inequalities among mothers in the low- and middle-income countries through the promotion of women education.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Use of Insecticide-Treated Nets: Analysis of the 2018 Burkina Faso Malaria Indicator Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahamadi Tassembedo ◽  
Soumaila Coulibaly ◽  
Boukary Ouedraogo
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Malaria Indicator Survey ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Sleep under an ITN reduce contact with mosquitoes through the combination of a physical barrier and an insecticidal effect, which reduces the incidence of malaria. The 2016–2020 Burkina Faso National Malaria Strategic Plan aims to have at least 90% of the population, 100% of children under age 5, and 100% of pregnant women sleep under an ITN. To help achieve this goal, this analysis examines the factors that are associated with the use of ITN nets by using data from the 2017-18 Burkina Faso Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). The analysis examines individual, household, and community-level factors associated with ITN usage. According to the 2017-18 Burkina Faso MIS, 58% of individuals in households that own at least one ITN reported that they slept under an ITN on the night before the survey. The use of ITNs was significantly associated with individual, household, and community-level variables that included age, gender, age of household head, number of sleeping rooms, wealth, malaria prevalence, residence, and region. The results highlight areas of intervention at the individual, household, and community levels that can increase ITN use.

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