Ethical leadership and quality of leader-subordinate relationship among women working in multinational enterprises in Malaysia, moderating role of employee psychological empowerment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevita Muniandi ◽  
Christopher Richardson ◽  
Yashar Salamzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between ethical leadership and the quality of the manager-subordinate relationship, as well as the moderating effect of female employees’ psychological empowerment on this relationship. Design/methodology/approach This is quantitative research in which an online questionnaire was distributed to female subordinates from multinational enterprises in Malaysia (n = 120). A partial least square is used for analysis in this research. Findings The findings confirm a strong positive correlation between all the seven ethical leadership dimensions and the quality of manager-subordinate relationship (leader member exchange). However, the moderating effect of psychological empowerment was found to be insignificant for two of the seven dimensions of ethical leadership. Originality/value This study contributes to highlighting new perspectives of women empowerment. Moreover, it also uncovers psychological factor that influences manager-subordinate relationship using cognitive evaluation theory. The seven dimensions of ethical leadership have not been tested in the past studies (only identified, not tested separately).

“I Can Live Without Banks, but Not Without Banking”

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Nitika Sharma ◽  
Pooja Goel ◽  
Anuj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Website Quality ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Service Interaction

The purpose of this paper is to examine the antecedents of e-banking loyalty and evangelism via threefold construct of WEQUAL (usability, information quality, and service interaction) of public sector banks operating in India. Moreover, it also investigates the mediating role of consumers' trust on the website quality of these banks and their impact on e-banking loyalty and evangelism. The data was collected from 243 respondents through online questionnaire. In order to develop the model and test the hypotheses, partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was done through Smart PLS version 3.2.9. Results assert that website quality of banks positively influences the trust of consumers via usability, information quality, and service interaction. Also, consumer trust plays a mediation role between WEBQUAL constructs and e-banking loyalty and evangelism.

Social loafing in group-based learning: student-created and instructor-created group perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-501
Author(s):  
Rajesh Rajaguru ◽  
Roshni Narendran ◽  
Gayathri Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Social Loafing ◽  
Work Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Members

PurposeSocial loafing is a key inhibitor in group-based student learning and is a key challenge in administering group-based assessments in higher education. This study examines differences in the effects of antecedents of social loafing (disruptive behaviour, social disconnectedness and apathy) on work quality by comparing student-created and instructor-created groups. The study also investigates how group members' efforts to “pick up the slack” of social loafers in the two kinds of groups moderate the effect of antecedents of social loafing on work quality.Design/methodology/approachPost-graduate students from two different sessions of the Marketing Management unit participated in the study: 95 students from session 1 and 90 students from session 2. One session represented student-created groups and the other session represented instructor-created groups. Each group consisted of five students. Partial Least Square (PLS) estimation using SmartPLS was used to assess the direct and interaction effects.FindingsThe results indicate differences in the effects of the antecedents of social loafing such as apathy and disruptive behaviour on work quality for both student-created and instructor-created groups. Social disconnectedness was found to have no significant effect on work quality. Interestingly, the study found significant differences in the effects of “pick up the slack” on the work quality of student-created and instructor-created groups. Members of student-created groups who picked up the slack of social loafers improved the work quality for unit assessment. This effect was not significant for instructor-created groups.Originality/valueExtant literature on social loafing predominantly focusses on its effect on students' work quality and educational achievement. This study contributes to the literature by investigating how the student-created and instructor-created group members' efforts to pick up the slack of social loafers moderate the effects of the antecedents of social loafing on work quality.

scholarly journals Service quality, satisfaction and intention to use Union Digital Center in Bangladesh: The moderating effect of citizen participation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244609
Author(s):  
Bikram Biswas ◽  
Sajib Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Is Success

This paper examines the service quality, satisfaction and intention to use Union Digital Center (UDC) in Bangladesh: The moderating effect of citizen participation. The study intends to measure the quality of service on the basis of satisfaction by adopting citizen participation as a moderator. Theoretically this study has used DeLone & McLean Information Systems (D&M IS) Success Model. The existing studies of Bangladesh are mostly qualitative and the correlation between the quality of service, satisfaction, and desire for using UDC has not verified. This research has adopted the D&M IS model while measuring and verifying the service quality based on satisfaction and use intention. A structured questionnaire method was used and data collected from 499 respondents from 10 UDC of 10 upazila under 8 divisions in Bangladesh. Partial Least Square (PLS), a statistical method that emerged on the basis of Structure Equation Modeling (SEM), technique has been used while analyzing the data. The result of this study has showed the quality (p<0.05) of information, system and service of UDC affects citizen satisfaction effectively where the moderator of citizen participation is also significant. This paper has constructed on the basis of a model and empirical data to verify the moderating effects of citizen participation. To ensure the improvement of service quality of UDC all of the dimensions related to the quality of service should be modified, develop the administrative system and citizen should be encouraging to participate in all aspects of services.

Impact of skill on bi-dimensional trust within small-to-medium sized enterprises upstream relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurram Sharif ◽  
Norizan Kassim ◽  
Mohd. Nishat Faisal ◽  
Mohamed Zain
Keyword(s):  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trust Development ◽  
Partial Least Square Analysis ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Deterministic Effect

PurposeThis paper examined the deterministic and moderating impacts of skill on the behavioural (benevolence) and cognitive (credibility) dimensions of trust within small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) upstream (i.e. supplier-to-customer) relationships. A theoretically grounded research model was developed that comprised of three cognitive and three behavioural antecedents of benevolence and credibility. Impact of time (i.e. chronological influences) on skill-driven bi-dimensional trust development was assessed as well.Design/methodology/approachAll measures were borrowed from top ranking journals and adapted for use. An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted with UK SMEs executives who were involved in electrical and electronic components industry. A total of 231 useable questionnaires were received which represented a response rate of 15.4%. After validity and reliability checks, the collected data were subjected to partial least square analysis to verify the deterministic and/or moderating impact of skill on bi-dimensional trust.FindingsThe results supported a dual role (a moderator and a determinant) of skill on SMEs upstream relationship trust. However, the moderating effect of skill dominated the deterministic effect. Furthermore, the results indicated that skill tends to behave differently toward cognitive and behavioural dimensions of trust. Hence, how skill development is influenced by different dimensions of trust, and the role time plays in skill-driven trust enhancement should be carefully considered in SME upstream relationships. Therefore, it is suggested that the nature and context of each supplier–customer relational episode should be examined in terms of the outcomes it is designed to achieve in a relationship.Originality/valueThis study evaluated an in-depth association between skill and bi-dimensional trust development within SME upstream relationships. Specifically, deterministic and moderating impacts of skill on credibility and benevolence were investigated.

Social media influencer marketing: the moderating role of materialism

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kian Yeik Koay ◽  
Man Lai Cheung ◽  
Patrick Chin-Hooi Soh ◽  
Chai Wen Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Social media influencers (SMIs) have become an important source of influence that affects consumer behaviours in their decision-making processes. As such, this justifies scholarly attention in understanding how SMIs transfer their meanings to endorsed brands and drive consumers’ positive behavioural intentions. With the intention to fill this knowledge gap, this paper aims to examine the impact of SMIs’ credibility, as manifested by trustworthiness, attractiveness and expertise, along with the moderating effects of materialism, on followers’ purchase intention. Design/methodology/approach Self-administrated online surveys were used to collect data from Instagram users. A total of 191 usable data were collected and analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling. Findings The results show that SMIs’ trustworthiness and expertise are significant predictors of followers’ purchase intention. Moreover, the moderating effect of materialism on the relationship between attractiveness and purchase intention is significant. Notably, the influence of attractiveness on purchase intention is greater when materialism is high. Originality/value This research contributes to the SMI literature by examining the influence of SMIs’ trustworthiness, attractiveness and expertise, along with the moderating effect of materialism, on followers’ purchase intention.

Transformational leadership and non-family employee intrapreneurial behaviour in family-owned firms: the mediating role of adaptive culture and psychological empowerment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huynh Thi Thuy Giang ◽  
Luu Tien Dung
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Adaptive Culture

PurposeThe purpose of the present study is to examine the direct impact of transformational leadership on non-family employee intrapreneurial behaviour and through a mediating role of corporate adaptive culture and psychological empowerment in family-owned firms.Design/methodology/approachThe study’s sample consisted of 368 key role non-family employees at 109 family export and import firms in the Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam. The data is analysed using a partial least square–structural equation model (PLS-SEM).FindingsThis paper shows that transformational leadership had a positive and significant influence on non-family employee intrapreneurial behaviour directly and via adaptive corporate culture and psychological empowerment as a mediating influence mechanism.Practical implicationsFamily-owned firms might balance the need to maintain traditional core values and requires innovation through the development of human capital with non-family employee intrapreneurship.Originality/valueThis paper grants a unique approach to studying intrapreneurial behaviour in the context of the family-owned business.

Psychological empowerment and individual performance: the mediating effect of intrapreneurial behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmad Mahmoud ◽  
Shuhymee Ahmad ◽  
Donny Abdul Latief Poespowidjojo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Empowerment Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operations Managers

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to extend the existing literature on the relationship between psychological empowerment and individual performance (IP) through the mediating role of intrapreneurial behaviour (IB). Therefore, the empowerment theory (ET) and psychological entrepreneurship theory (PET) were integrated to nurture the IP of medium enterprises (MEs) production/operations managers by analyzing the mediating influence of IB on the psychological empowerment–IP relationship.Design/methodology/approachSurvey method was engaged by means of self-administered questionnaire. Data were collected from a sample of 355 MEs production/operations managers and analysed with partial least square (PLS) structural equation modelling (SEM).FindingsAccording to the results, Psychological empowerment (PE) has a significant direct relationship with both IB and IP. Equally, IB has a positive significant impact on IP. Moreover, the mediating influence of IB on the psychological empowerment–IP relationship was established.Practical implicationsThe result implies that MEs can stimulate the IP of production/operations managers by encouraging IB through psychological empowerment–IP relationship. Therefore, the psychological empowerment–IP relationship will manifest better when IB is invigorated among production/operations managers.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to examine the mediating influence of IB on the psychological empowerment–IP relationship, which revealed a significant contribution to both entrepreneurship and organizational behaviour literature. The IB literature is relatively lacking, particularly among developing countries and in particular Nigeria.

The impact of the quality of intelligent experience on smart retail engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 877-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Fan ◽  
Nanxi Ning ◽  
Nianqi Deng
Keyword(s):  
Technology Integration ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposePrevious studies have considered customers' psychological responses to intelligent retail technology adoption, but have not considered how technology integration systems could promote the relationship between retailers and consumers. Based on the Stimulus–Organism–Response framework, this paper proposes a customer engagement model in a fully intelligent retail environment. The concept of the quality of intelligent experience is constructed from the perspective of customer experience, and the effect of the mechanism of smart retail on the customer engagement relationship is discussed.Design/methodology/approachUsing two surveys, this study analyzes 201 (in study 1) and 321 (in study 2) questionnaires by using structural equation model in partial least square software.FindingsThe analysis shows that the human–machine interaction, intelligent systems and the product content of the quality intelligent experience significantly impact customer engagement on smart retail.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was designed for general retail products, without distinguishing between different product types. Thus, it did not consider the moderating effect of product types.Practical implicationsThe findings enrich the intelligent retail technology field and provide operable guidance to help smart retailers improve customer relations.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a customer engagement model to describe how technology integration systems promote the relationship between retailers and consumers.

Cultural intelligence of entrepreneurs and international network ties

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Intelligence ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Competitors

Purpose – This paper aimed to investigate whether the cultural intelligence (CQ) of entrepreneurs is associated with the quality of the relationships firms develop with foreign networks. Design/methodology/approach – The samples include small and medium manufacturing firms in Thailand. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire survey. A list of 1,000 firms was randomly selected from the directory of Thai exporters. A total of 129 surveys were returned. Partial least square regression was used to analyze the data. Findings – The results revealed a positive association between the CQ of entrepreneurs and the quality of the relationships that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) had with foreign customers, foreign suppliers and foreign competitors. The quality of the relationships was also associated positively with export performance. However, there was no significant evidence for the role of the quality of relationships with foreign competitors in export performance. Research limitations/implications – The use of cross-sectional data makes it difficult to claim causality between the constructs. Moreover, the CQ and export performance measures that use subjective evaluation may cause bias. The small sample size also limits the generalizability of the results. Practical implications – The results suggested that CQ is a key capability entrepreneurs must develop to conduct business more successfully in foreign markets. Social implications – Because SMEs are considered a key driver of a country’s economic development, CQ training could be an important choice on which the government should focus. Furthermore, as the world economy is more integrated, CQ training can significantly help people improve cross-cultural communication skills which are essential for them to be successful in today’s globalized economy. Originality/value – Despite the increasing popularity of CQ research, evidence for its contribution to the ability of entrepreneurs to develop good relationships with foreign firms is lacking. The main contribution of this study is to bridge this research gap by providing empirical evidence.

Effects of government policy, quality of human resources and professional institutions on workforce competitiveness using welding technology as mediating variable

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1121-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afandi Agusman Aris ◽  
Haris Maupa ◽  
Mahlia Muis ◽  
Muhammad Idrus Tabba
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Welding Technology ◽  
Positive Direct

Purpose This paper aims to examine and analyze the effects of government policy, quality of human resources and professional institutions on workforce competitiveness using welding technology variable as a mediating variable. Design/methodology/approach This study used quantitative research by using partial least square – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the collected data. Findings Based on the results of the analysis, it was noted that there was a significant influence between government policy, quality of human resources and professional institutions on welding technology. The coefficients are characterized by a positive direct relationship, which means that the higher the quality of government policy and human resources professionals variables, the higher the value of the institute of welding technology. Social implications This study recommends that government should create policies that have benefits to competitiveness of Indonesian workforce. Implications from this study support government to use the model to determine and initiate policies in the field of welding as well as establish clear and standardized operating standards and recruitment process (government apparatus) that can accommodate the competitiveness of welding workers in Indonesia. Originality/value The originality of this paper is that the participatory approach was adopted in this study using PLS-SEM. In addition, this study was one of the first studies to carry out research at the BNSP office, BLK-Bandung-Jakarta, Makassar, B4T and dismiss the Ministry of Manpower and the Ministry of Industry in Jakarta, Indonesia, where there was no research in this location. Previous studies conducted research in various case studies.

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