role of job satisfaction mediate on the effect of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational citizenship behavior

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial leadership and job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior, as well as to analyze the role of job satisfaction mediati the influence of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational citizenship behavior. The population in this study were employees of PT. BPR Lestari Bali totaled 409 people. The sample in this study were 124 respondents. This research uses PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis technique. The results show that entrepreneurial leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Entrepreneurial leadership has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Job satisfaction as a partial mediation or partial mediation on the influence of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational citizenship behavior, meaning that the independent variable is able to directly influence the dependent variable or indirectly by involving the mediator variable. A leader in a company needs to have a clear vision, be creative, innovative, responsible, and be able to motivate to create positive things for employees by increasing entrepreneurial leadership and job satisfaction so that their organizational citizenship behavior will also increase.

Lower Aβ-PET signal in white matter lesions relates to higher extracellular free water in mixed small vessel disease and Alzheimer's pathology

Background and Objectives: Positron emission tomography (PET) with amyloid-ligands recently gained interest for evaluating white matter (WM) pathology. Here, we investigated the neurobiological underpinnings of the amyloid-PET signal in the WM using free water (FW) diffusion MRI in a mixed cohort of small vessel disease (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Methods: We included data from two large cohort imaging studies, including MITNEC-C6 with moderate-to-severe white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden and ADNI-2 with mild-to-moderate WMH burden, covering the spectrum of cognitively normal to dementia. Subjects underwent diffusion MRI, 18F-AV45 amyloid-PET, and cognitive testing. We calculated WM diffusion metrics including fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). In addition, we applied a bi-tensor diffusion MRI model that differentiates between extracellular (FW fraction) and tissue-specific (FW-adjusted FA) compartments of the WM. We tested associations of all diffusion metrics with 18F-AV45 SUVR in regions of WMH vs. normal-appearing WM (NAWM), and with cognition. We further performed partial-least-square analysis to investigate how the diffusion metrics as well as age, sex, education, WMH volume, and cortical 18F-AV45 SUVR covary with WM 18F-AV45 SUVR. Results: 18F-AV45 SUVR was significantly lower in regions of WMH compared to NAWM (t=25.08, P<0.0001, n=115 subjects). Within WMH, lower 18F-AV45 SUVR was associated with higher FW (β=-0.36±0.13, P=0.005) and lower FA (β=+0.24±0.12, P=0.046), but not with the tissue-specific metric FW-adjusted FA. Partial-least-square analysis further confirmed that FW had the most influence on 18F-AV45 SUVR in regions of WMH. In contrast, FW-adjusted FA had more influence on 18F-AV45 SUVR in NAWM. Last, correlation with cognitive impairment was higher for FW than FW-adjusted FA, both in regions of WMH (MMSE: βFW=-0.40±0.13, P=0.003; βFW-adjustedFA=0.14±0.09, P=0.11) and NAWM (MMSE: βFW=-0.30±0.11, P=0.01; βFW-adjustedFA=0.21±0.09, P=0.02. Conclusion: In a cohort representative of the more common AD population, reduced amyloid-PET uptake in WM lesions may largely reflect the appearance of extracellular FW, while changes in NAWM may associate with tissue-specific damage. Ultimately, our findings may support FW and amyloid-PET as markers of WM abnormalities in SVD and AD.

Amygdala in Action: Functional Connectivity during Approach and Avoidance Behaviors

Motivation is an important feature of emotion. By driving approach to positive events and promoting avoidance of negative stimuli, motivation drives adaptive actions and goal pursuit. The amygdala has been associated with a variety of affective processes, particularly the appraisal of stimulus valence that is assumed to play a crucial role in the generation of approach and avoidance behaviors. Here, we measured amygdala functional connectivity patterns while participants played a video game manipulating goal conduciveness through the presence of good, neutral, or bad monsters. As expected, good versus bad monsters elicited opposing motivated behaviors, whereby good monsters induced more approach and bad monsters triggered more avoidance. These opposing directional behaviors were paralleled by increased connectivity between the amygdala and medial brain areas, such as the OFC and posterior cingulate, for good relative to bad, and between amygdala and caudate for bad relative to good monsters. Moreover, in both conditions, individual connectivity strength between the amygdala and medial prefrontal regions was positively correlated with brain scores from a latent component representing efficient goal pursuit, which was identified by a partial least square analysis determining the multivariate association between amygdala connectivity and behavioral motivation indices during gameplay. At the brain level, this latent component highlighted a widespread pattern of amygdala connectivity, including a dorsal frontoparietal network and motor areas. These results suggest that amygdala-medial prefrontal interactions captured the overall subjective relevance of ongoing events, which could consecutively drive the engagement of attentional, executive, and motor circuits necessary for implementing successful goal-pursuit, irrespective of approach or avoidance directions.

Innovative Biochemometric Approach to the Metabolite and Biological Profiling of the Balkan Thistle (Cirsium appendiculatum Griseb.), Asteraceae

The widespread genus Cirsium Mill. (Asteraceae) is renowned in traditional medicine. In the present study, an innovative biochemometric-assisted metabolite profiling of the flower heads, aerial parts and roots of Cirsium appendiculatum Griseb. (Balkan thistle) in relation to their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential was developed. The workflow combines ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS) with partial least-square analysis to discriminate the herbal extracts and identify the most prominent biological activities. The annotation and dereplication of 61 secondary metabolites were evidenced, including 15 carboxylic (including hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic) acids and their glycosides, 11 acylquinic acids, 26 flavonoids and 9 fatty acids. All compounds were reported for the first time in the studied species. The root extract revealed the highest cupric and ferric reducing power (618.36 ± 5.17 mg TE/g and 269.89 ± 8.50 mg TE/g, respectively) and antioxidant potential in phosphomolybdenum (3.36 ± 0.15 mmol TE/g) as well as the most prominent enzyme inhibitory potential on α-glucosidase (0.72 ± 0.07 mmol ACAE/g), acetylcholinesterase (4.93 ± 0.25 mg GALAE/g) and butyrylcholinesterase (3.80 ± 0.26 mg GALAE/g). Nevertheless, the flower heads were differentiated by their higher metal chelating activity (32.53 ± 3.51 mg EDTAE/g) and total flavonoid content (46.59 ± 0.89 mgRE/g). The partial least-square discriminant and heat-map analysis highlighted the root extract as the most active and a promising source of bioactive compounds for the therapeutic industry.

Correlation: Between Autochthonous Microbial Diversity and Volatile Metabolites During the Fermentation of Nongxiang Daqu

Daqu is an important saccharifying and fermenting agent. It provides various microorganisms and enzymes for the fermentation of Baijiu and plays a vital role in the formation of Baijiu flavor. However, it is difficult to obtain information on microbial growth and metabolism in time for Daqu production. Therefore, the “Qu Xiang” obtained by smelling is an important index in the traditional production process to evaluate the microbial fermentation in the process of Daqu-making, “Qu Xiang” mainly represents the volatile flavor compounds in Daqu. The microbial diversity and volatile metabolites on 0, 6, 16, and 29 days of the fermentation process were measured using high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Significant differences were found in the composition of the microbial community. Pseudomonas, Weissella, Bacillus, and Pelomonas were the main bacterial genera. Alternaria, Rhizopus, and Pichia are the main fungal genera. A total of 32 differential volatile metabolites were detected in samples at four time points using differential metabolic analysis. The correspondence of prevailing microorganisms with differential metabolites distinguished by Spearman correlation and two-way orthogonal partial least square analysis show that Saccharopolyspora exhibited a significant connection for the 12 differential metabolites. A significant positive correlation was observed between Rhizomucor and 13 different metabolites. These findings further understanding of the metabolism of microorganisms in Daqu fermentation and also help to control the microorganisms in the Daqu-making process, to obtain more stable Baijiu products.

Attributes that influence academics' data sharing in Nigeria: the effects of organization culture

Introduction. This study was conducted to ascertain the attributes that influence data sharing practices among academics in Nigerian universities. Nigeria is known to be a country with limited resources to acquire digital paraphernalia which may restrict data sharing practices. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence research data sharing practices among academics in Nigeria. The scope entails a broad context in the lens of organization cultural theory as efforts in data sharing practice are hypothesized to be influenced by institutional involvement besides individual decision. Method. A survey questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. A random sample consisting of 378 academics represented the academics in Nigeria. Analysis. Partial least square analysis was employed to evaluate the proposed model. Results. The findings indicated several factors which had influenced data sharing practices among academics in Nigeria including organizational, personal, and social attributes. Conclusion. This study is important to extend knowledge on data sharing behaviour particularly for academics in a periphery country like Nigeria and the attributes expected to influence these practices.

Influence of Trust, Subjective Norm,and Perceived Usefulness on the Intention of Using Contraceptives with Education Level as Moderation Variables

This study aims to analyze and know the significance of the influence of trust variables, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Usefulness on the Intention of Using Contraceptives, as well as to know the role of Education Level in moderating the relationship of Trust, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Usefulness to the Intention of Using Contraceptives in Mataram City. The type of research used is causal research. The population in this study is a Childbearing Age Couple who have not used contraceptives in Mataram City. The number of samples taken as many as 380 people, determination of samples with purposive sampling techniques, and data analysis using SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Model – Partial Least Square) analysis with SmartPLS version 2.0 application. The results showed that: Perceived Usefulness became the dominant aspect that influenced the intention of using contraceptives followed by Subjective Norm and Trust. Education Level moderates Trust and Perceived Usefulness.

Analysis of The Influence of Entrepreneurship Capability, Agility, Business Transformation, Opportunity on Start-Up Behavior In E-Commerce Companies In Indonesia During The Covid 19 Pandemic

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Entrepreneurship Capability, Agility, Business Transformation, Opportunity on Start-Up Behavior in E-Commerce Companies in Indonesia During the Covid 19 Pandemic. The quantitative method used in this study was applied to start-up companies in Greater Jakarta with a population of 522 start-ups. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires were distributed using google form as many as 522 questionnaires, 200 questionnaires were returned. From the returned questionnaires, after sorting the completeness and fulfilling the requirements for testing, 187 questionnaires were obtained consisting of the founders. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire and then analyzed using statistical analysis methods using Partial Least Square SmartPLS version 3 program. The partial least square analysis results show that each of the factors: agility, entrepreneurship capability, business transformation and opportunity have a significant effect in increasing start-up behavior in Jabodetabek. This finding explains that in building a start-up, the founder must possess the agility entrepreneurship capability factor while still following business transformation and opportunities in developing the business. This study also found that the opportunity factor is the most dominant factor in increasing the start-up behavior of founders.

EFFECT OF WORD OF MOUTH, PERCEPTION OF QUALITY AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY ON DECISIONS OF APPLICATION-BASED TRANSPORTATION USERS (Study on Muslimah Community in Purwokerto)

This study analyzes the effect of word of mouth, perceived quality, and use of technology on application-based transportation decisions. The method used in this research is a case study of the Muslim community in Purwokerto. Questionnaires were given to 100 respondents consisting of several members of the Muslim community in Purwokerto. The data analysis technique used is PLS (Partial Least Square) analysis using Smart PLS 3.0. The results showed that word of mouth had a significant positive effect on decisions to use application-based transportation, perceived quality had a significant positive effect on decisions to use application-based transportation, and use of technology had a negative effect on decisions to use application-based transportation.

Assessment of Concentrated Liquid Coffee Acceptance during Storage: Sensory and Physicochemical Perspective

Concentrated liquid coffees (CLCs) refer to stored extracts stable at environmental temperature, used as ingredients in the retail market. Their low chemical stability affects the sensory profile. This study was performed in two CLCs, one without additives (BIB) and another with a mix of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate additives (SD), stored at 25 °C for one year. Quantitative-Descriptive (QDA) and discriminant analyses permitted identifying the critical sensory attributes and their evolution over time. The concentrate without additives presented an acceptance limit of 196 days (evaluated at a 50% acceptance ratio), while the additives increased the shelf life up to 226 days (38.9% improvement). The rejection was related to a decreased aroma, increased acidity, and reduced bitterness. A bootstrapped feature selection version of Partial Least Square analysis further demonstrated that reactions of 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5CQA) and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5diCQA) could cause changes in the aroma at the first degradation stage. In the following stages, changes in fructose and stearic acid contents, a key indicator of acceptance for both extracts possibly related to non-enzymatic reactions involving fructose and other compounds, might affect the bitterness and acidity. These results provided valuable information to understand flavor degradation in CLCs.