The problems facing agricultural sector in Zanzibar and the prospects of Waqf-Muzar’ah-supply chain model

Humanomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issa Salim Moh’d ◽  
Mustafa Omar Mohammed ◽  
Buerhan Saiti
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Models ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Clove Industry

Purpose This paper aims to identify the appropriate model to address the financial challenges in agricultural sector in Zanzibar. Since the middle of 1960, clove production has continually and significantly decreased because of some problems and challenges that include financial ones. The financial intermediaries such as banks, cooperatives and micro-enterprises provide micro-financing to the farmers with high interest rates along with collateral requirements. The numerous programmes, measures and policies adopted by the relevant parties to find out the solutions to the dwindling clove production have failed. Design/methodology/approach The authors will review and examine several existing financial models, identify the issues and challenges of the current financial models and propose an appropriate Islamic financing model. Findings The numerous programmes, measures and policies adopted by the relevant parties to find out the solutions to the dwindling clove production have failed. This study, therefore, proposed a Waqf-Muzara’ah-supply chain model to address the financial challenge. Partnership arrangement is also suggested in the model to mitigate the issues of high interest rates and collateral that constrains the financial ability of the farmers and their agricultural output. Originality/value The contribution of the agricultural sector to the economic development of Zanzibar Islands is considerable. As one of the important agricultural sectors, the clove industry was the economic backbone of the government of Zanzibar. This study is believed to be a pioneering work; hence, it is the first study that investigates empirically the challenges facing the clove industry in Zanzibar.

The problems facing the agricultural sector in Nigeria and the prospect of Muzara’ah and supply chain model

Humanomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiu Olaniyi Oladokun ◽  
Moussa Larbani ◽  
Mustafa Omar Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Survey Result ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
Survey Approach ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a Muzara’ah–supply chain model for the purpose of enhancing agricultural financing and productivity in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, an expert survey approach was employed to validate the newly developed model. Findings – A survey result on the model reveals that majority of the respondents agreed with the Muzara’ah–supply chain model and preferred it to the existing models. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of this study is limited number of respondents. Practical implications – With this newly developed financing model that is based risk sharing principles, the application of this model could help to reduce moral hazard and enhance agricultural productivity. Originality/value – To the best knowledge of the researchers, such kind of study for financing agriculture does not exists in the case of Nigeria.

scholarly journals The Financing Problems Facing the Agricultural Sector in Nigeria and the Prospect of Waqf-Muzaraah-Supply Chain Model (WMSCM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Oladokun Nafiu Olaniyi ◽  
Mohamad Asmy Bin Mohd Thas Thaker ◽  
Hassanudin Mohd Thas Thaker ◽  
Anwar Allah Pitchay
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
High Interest Rate ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
High Interest ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Aspect

Agriculture sector becomes important sector in many developing countries including in Nigeria. The contribution of agricultural sector to the development of Nigeria is considerable. This important sector was the economic backbone upon which the government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria relied for its foreign exchange and revenue. A country was once a net exporter of agricultural products. However, since the discovery of oil in the early 1960, agricultural productivity has continually decreased due to many problems, especially related to financial aspect. Several programmes and policies have been adopted by various administrations to find solution to the dwindling agricultural productivity but to no avail. These solutions have mainly focused on alleviating the financial problems the farmers face. Usually financial intermediaries including banks would provide micro-financing to the farmers but with high interest rates coupled with collateral requirements. Hence, this mode of financing has not produced any significant result. This study will therefore examine problems facing agricultural sector in Nigeria with special emphasis on its financial aspect and propose a Waqf-MuzaraahSupply Chain model (WMSCM). Under this model, Waqf fund will be used for providing financial facility of the farmers. The relationship between farmers and financial institutions is based on partnership where profit and loss will be shared by both parties. This will enhance commitment by and cooperation among both parties to ensure the success of the business. Furthermore, the issues of collateral and high interest rate that constrain the financial ability of the farmers and their agricultural output are inherently solved by the model. Moreover, the model has features of investment and risk diversification for both the financial institutions and the farmers that will lead to high agricultural productivity and employment generation in the economy.

Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Selecting and Designing a Mini LNG Plant: A Case Study of Batam Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketut Buda Artana ◽  
Dinariyana Dwi Putranta ◽  
Irfan Syarief Arief ◽  
I MadeAriana
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Increase in demand for clean energy is one of the strategic issues in Indonesia nowadays, considering the significant economic growth of the country. A conventional LNG supply chain is not the best solution taking into consideration its high investment. The possibility of using a small scale LNG supply chain concept (Mini LNG) is recently sought by the government and private sectors in Indonesia. It is even more promising when we consider the amounts and number of stranded gas fields in the country. One of the main obstacles to the development plan is the geographical position of Indonesia as an archipelagic country. This paper presents a case study of LNG supply chain model of 10 mmscfd Gas Sales Agreement (GSA) in Batam and its design of LNG transportation model from Batam to Siantan-West Kalimantan [1]. The distance between Batam and Siantan is approximately 392 nautical miles. Two main objectives are covered in this paper. The first one is an implementation of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select the best location for mini LNG plant, and the second one is to design the LNG supply chain model based on optimization approach. The AHP model uses a pairwise comparison of 4 (four) qualitative attributes and 14 (fourteen) sub-attributes. 3 alternatives of location for mini LNG plant are evaluated, namely: Tanjung Uncang, Pemping Island and Janda Berhias Island. A sensitivity analysis by varying the weight of some critical attributes is also conducted to ensure that preferred location is sensitively selected with minimum error. The optimization of the LNG supply chain model is carried out by means of Gradually Reduced Gradient (GRG) methods. The Objective is to attain one design that will minimize investment (cost). Decision variables of the model are LNG plant capacity, storage tank capacity in loading and receiving terminal, vessel size, number of round trip, number of operating vessels, regasification capacity at the receiving terminal, and others.

Configuration of supply chain integration and delivery performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premaratne Samaranayake ◽  
Tritos Laosirihongthong
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Delivery Performance ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
Integrated Supply Chain

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework of integrated supply chain model that can be used to measure, evaluate and monitor operational performance under dynamic and uncertain conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology consists of two stages: configuration of a conceptual framework of integrated supply chain model linked with performance measures and illustration of the integrated supply chain model and delivery performance using a case of dairy industry. The integrated supply chain model is based on a unitary structuring technique and forms the basis for measuring and evaluating supply chain performance. Delivery performance with variation of demand (forecast and actual) is monitored using a fuzzy-based decision support system, based on three inputs: capacity utilization (influenced by production disruption), raw materials shortage and quality of dairy products. Findings – Integration of supply chain components (materials, resources, operations, activities, suppliers, etc.) of key processes using unitary structuring approach enables information integration in real time for performance evaluation and monitoring in complex supply chain situations. In addition, real-time performance monitoring is recognized as being of great importance for supply chain management in responding to uncertainties inherent in the operational environment. Research limitations/implications – Implementation of an integrated model requires maintenance of supply chain components with all necessary data and information in a system environment such as enterprise resource planning. Practical implications – The integrated model provides decision-makers with an overall view of supply chain components and direct links that need to be maintained for supply chain performance evaluation and monitoring. Wider adaptation and diffusion of the proposed model require further validation of the model and feasibility of implementation, using real-time data and information on selected performance measures. Originality/value – Integration of supply chain components across supply chain processes directly linked with performance measures is a novel approach for effective supply chain performance evaluation and monitoring in complex supply chains under dynamic and uncertain conditions.

scholarly journals Rantai Pasokan Cerdas; Menyajikan Peluang yang Belum Pernah Ada Sebelumnya untuk Mengelola Rantai Pasokan Pertanian

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomy Perdana ◽  
Fernianda Rahayu Hermiatin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Food Hubs ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
The Government

Pertanian menjadi salah satu sektor perekonomian penyumbang PDB negara. Beragam potensi dan keragaman sektor pertanian menjadi potensi kekuatan untuk dikembangkan secara berkesinambungan. Akan tetapi, potensi dan keragaman sumber daya tersebut masih menghadapi berbagai kendala dan permasalahan, seperti iklim, produksi, pasca panen, serta pemasaran. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai permasalahan dan kendala dengan menggunakan pendekatan yang bersifat holistik dan partisipatif. Proses analisis dimulai dengan memvisualisasikan Big Picture Mapping pada proses produksi hulu hingga hilir untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan kendala memalui proses dialog dan diskusi sepanjang rantai pasok pertanian berdasarkan konsep value co-creation. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menggali informasi yaitu dengan metode participatory action research yang melibatkan partisipasi dari peneliti, praktisi dan pemangku kebijakan sektor pertanian. Sektor pertanian di Provinsi Jawa Barat menjadi studi kasus pada penelitian ini. Pelibatan aktor dari sektor pertanian, peternakan, perikanan, dan perkebunan, pelaku pasar dan pemerintah menjadi dasar pengembangan model smart supply chain pada sektor pertnian. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa permasalahan yang terjadi pada sektor pertanian dikarenakan tidak ada integrasi antar pelaku rantai pasok serta para pemangku kepentingan (pemerintah, pihak swasta, dan peneliti) sehingga kegiatan pembangunan dijalankan secara terpisah dan tidak dikoordinasikan dengan tepat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, rekomendasi pengembangan pembangunan sektor pertanian dengan pengembangan smart supply chain harus dilandasi oleh koordinasi antar aktor yang dilakukan secara terintegrasi. Komponen utama pengembangan smart supply chain sektor pertanian harus melibatkan klaster, simpul pangan, dan pengembangan berbagai teknologi digital yang tepat guna.   Agriculture is one of the economic sectors contributing to the country's GDP. Various potentials and diversity of the agricultural sector become the potential strength to be developed sustainably. However, the potential and diversity of these resources still face various obstacles and problems, such as climate, production, post-harvest, and marketing. According to this case, this study aims to identify various problems and obstacles using a holistic and participatory approach. The analysis process begins by visualizing the Big Picture Mapping in the upstream to downstream production processes to identify problems and obstacles through a process of dialogue and discussion throughout the agricultural supply chain based on the value co-creation concept. The approach used to dig up information is by using participatory action research methods that involve participation from researchers, practitioners and stakeholders in the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector in West Java Province is a case study in this research. The involvement of actors from the agricultural, livestock, fisheries and plantation sectors, market players and the government is the basis for developing the agricultural smart supply chain model. This research shows that the problems that occur in the agricultural sector are due to the lack of integration between supply chain actors and stakeholders (i.e., government, private sector, and researchers). The development activities are carried out separately and are not appropriately coordinated. Based on this case, recommendations for developing the agricultural sector with the development of smart supply chains must be based on coordination between actors carried out in an integrated manner. The main components of agricultural smart supply chain development should involve clusters, food hubs, and the development of various appropriate digital technologies.

scholarly journals Incorporating ‘Mortgage-Loan’ Contracts into an Agricultural Supply Chain Model under Stochastic Output

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Liurui Deng ◽  
Shuge Wang ◽  
Yixuan Wen ◽  
Yuting Li
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Mortgage Loan ◽  
High Price ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Loan Contracts ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Supply Chain Finance ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Government

This paper constructs an internal financing model in which the purchaser acts as the core leading enterprise to provide loans when the farmer has fixed assets as collateral. Numerical results show that the existence of fixed assets will increase the expected profit of the farmer, redistributing the risk and profit between the purchaser and the farmer. At the same time, the purchaser and the government are encouraged to provide more funds to the farmer with low value of its fixed assets, which will aid the overall return of the supply chain and the development of supply chain finance. In addition, under the framework of this model, the increase of agricultural production is beneficial to the farmer, not the purchaser. In the case of the same output level, we can alleviate this problem by selecting high-end agricultural products with high price elasticity of demand and high choking price so as to improve the profits of both purchaser and farmer.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE ADDED VALUE OF BROILERS IN LHOKSEUMAWE CITY BY DEVELOPING SUPPLY CHAIN AND FOOD BALANCE MODELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Umaruddin Usman ◽  
Likdanawati Likdanawati ◽  
Cut Putri Mellita Sari ◽  
Ichsan Ichsan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
The Government ◽  
Additional Value

The purpose of this study was to determine the supply chain's path or flow pattern from the production source area to the consumer, as well as the parties involved, design a supply chain model, and build a food balance to determine whether there was a surplus or deficit of broiler meat in Lhokseumawe City. Furthermore, utilizing the Hayami technique, this study assesses the added value and profit for traders selling chicken meat. Documents, questionnaires, and interviews with retailers were used to collect data. The findings revealed that retailers controlled or monopolized the supply chain of broiler meat distribution, while producers were accomplices of several large corporations that controlled or monopolized the commodity of broiled chicken in Aceh Province. North Aceh Regency, Pidie Jaya Regency, and Pidie Regency are all sources of commodities coming from outside of Lhokseumawe City. To solve the problem of broiler meat supply, all competent parties, including the government, the commercial sector, relevant agencies/institutions, researchers, academics, scientists, and specialists, must work together to build a design model for the purebred broiler meat supply chain. Most actors cooperate and support one another to gain additional value and profit. Meanwhile, to make up for the losses, a few dealers sell other poultry products including free-range chicken and duck, as well as collect waste from the birds.

Optimal green supply-chain model design considering full truckload

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 2150-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Hsien Tseng ◽  
Hui Ming Wee ◽  
Pei Shen Song ◽  
Schnell Jeng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
The Government ◽  
Decision Making Model

Purpose Supply chain management (SCM) focuses smart logistics and quality service. Diverse elements such as design, procurement, production and sale policies are the keys to SCM efficiency. Due to worsening environmental pollution in recent years, many businesses, government agencies and consumers have become more aware of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. In response, the government has established new environmental regulations to control various GHG, such as CO2 and sulfur dioxide. Therefore, to reduce pollution and its adverse effects, the authors have promoted environmental concerns by developing environmental friendly policies. The purpose of this paper is to develop a multi-objective decision making model that integrates both forward and reverse logistics to determine how best to incorporate recycling and reduce manufacturing costs. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors developed a multi-objective decision-making model that integrates both forward and reverse logistics to determine how best to incorporate recycling and reduce manufacturing costs. They used the normalized normal constraint method as proposed by Messac et al. (2003) to generate a series of uniform lines on a Pareto Frontier chart. Findings Based on the results of this study, the authors can determine the trade-off between costs and emissions and design the most environmental-friendly and economical strategy for production. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to a case study on paper manufacturing. Practical implications The authors considered the full truckload discount policy in which buyers can reduce their purchase costs by increasing the number of full truckload product orders; this will reduce transportation costs and also minimize overall carbon emissions. Social implications This study encourages industries to focus on environmental friend policies and social responsibilities. Originality/value The authors investigated the impacts of the paper making industry on economy and environment. An increase in demand will negatively impact the environment by causing CO2 emissions to increase from higher production and the felling of more trees to provide raw materials for manufacturers (paper mills).

Economic policy will be unpredictable after Turks vote

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Consumer Confidence ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Interest ◽  
External Demand ◽  
The Government

Significance The TCMB has responded quickly to a new wave of lira volatility ahead of local elections, forcing banks to borrow at the overnight rate of 25.5% instead of the 24.0% policy rate. Such decisiveness defies President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s antipathy to high interest rates and is particularly welcome as the government tries to bolster support by reviving economic activity through accelerated public spending and ad hoc interventions. Impacts A lira collapse would trigger renewed crisis and may be avoided, but nominal depreciation is likely and lira volatility almost certain. Inflation may decline, but only to 12-15% from September onwards. Low investor and consumer confidence, weak external demand and high interest rates, debt and unemployment may keep recovery to 0-2% growth. Economic discontent will persist into 2020, inducing Erdogan to continue clamping down despite the tradition for post-election conciliation.

scholarly journals Evolution of the migratory supply chain model

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Potter ◽  
Denis R Towill ◽  
Martin Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon the impact of the original work and provide an updated model to reflect the changing environment for supply chains. In 2000, a migratory model for supply chain evolution was proposed. Design/methodology/approach – The authors start by analysing the content of the papers that have cited the original Christopher and Towill (2000) paper. The development of an updated migratory model is informed by the findings from this, and then demonstrated through a case study of the book supply chain. Findings – Despite being the major contribution, the majority of citing papers actually use other parts of the original work, and some potential reasons for this are proposed. An extra stage is added to the migratory model, reflecting a customer centric strategy. Research limitations/implications – Given that the migratory model appears under-researched, the authors identify this as an opportunity for future research and suggest that methods less common in supply chain management are used. Practical implications – The updated migratory model can be used by supply chain managers to develop appropriate supply chain strategies for their organisations, while emphasising that many of the underlying tools to enable this reflect traditional industrial engineering approaches. Originality/value – The updated migratory model represents a new contribution to understanding the evolution of supply chains.

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