Transnational organized crime (TOC) and the relationship to good governance in the Caribbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Goede
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Relationship

Populism, 21st-century socialism and corruption in Venezuela

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita López Maya
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
System State ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
City Councils ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
The Relationship

This article seeks to explore the relationship between populism, 21st-century socialism, and the emergence of what has been referred to as an ‘ estado delincuente’ (criminal state), in the case of Venezuela. That is, a state structure permeated with transnational organized crime mafias in the executive and the judiciary, in the financial system, the prosecutor’s office, the police, the armed forces, the prison system, state-owned companies, governorships, and city councils, among other state institutions. First, I review conceptual aspects of populism to understand how this served as the basis for creating the postulates of 21st-century socialism, which promoted the institutional destruction of Venezuelan democracy and created the conditions for the unbridled dissemination of state corruption. Second, emblematic cases of white-collar and blood crimes, nepotism and other corrupt activities are discussed to provide an idea of the magnitude of the issues that permeate the state apparatus. To conclude, I provide a critical summary of the consequences of this way of doing politics in contemporary Venezuela.

Globalization and the Emergence of Violent Non-state Actors: The Case of Human Trafficking

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Zhidkova
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The State ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study examines the impact of globalization on the emergence of human trafficking as a transnational security threat. The author discusses the relationship between globalization and violent non-state actors (VNSAs), seeing human trafficking as one of VNSAs threatening the state in the age of globalization. The erosion of state sovereignty and emergence of transnational organized crime are analyzed in an attempt to understand the role of globalization in transforming human trafficking into a transnational challenge.

scholarly journals Tindak Pidana Penyelundupan Manusia Dengan Modus Operandi Memperkerjakan PMI Ke Luar Negeri Ditinjau Dari UNCATOC Dan Hukum Internasional

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1050
Author(s):  
Dikky Firsthio Damas ◽  
Fabian Bagaskara Sugianto ◽  
Randy Asmoro Dwi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
The World ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Relationship

People smuggling affects all regions of the world. Every year, thousands of immigrants and refugees try to leave their home countries and seek a better life in their destination countries. The purpose of this paper is to find out how the criminal act of people smuggling with the modus operandi of employing PMIs abroad in terms of UNCATOC and international law and what is the relationship between the crime of human smuggling and international migration if it is associated with international law. It can be concluded that the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime has a Protocol that is intended to combat smuggling by preventing, investigating and prosecuting violations, and by promoting international cooperation among States Parties to protect the human rights and other interests of smuggle.

Part II Predominant Security Challenges and International Law, National and Transnational Security, Ch.12 Transnational Organized Crime

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hauck Pierre ◽  
Peterke Sven
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Governance Transparency

This chapter focuses on transnational organized crime (TOC), pointing out some of the impacts attributed to this cross-border delinquency and its ties and linkages with other legal and illegal activities and actors. With the growing recognition that combating TOC requires more effective international cooperation, an impressive international legal regime has been constructed around this subject matter. A good part of this framework consists of so-called ‘suppression conventions’ that oblige State Parties to criminalize certain ‘evils’, to enforce relevant domestic laws, and to cooperate with each other in the persecution of these illegal activities. An often-downplayed problem is that these instruments are ‘rooted in the crime control policies of powerful Western states’, supposedly serving as models for other governments. They therefore tend to impose duties that are rather difficult to comply with for States with fragile institutions, often incapable of effectively delivering essential goods, such as safety and security. Against this background, it is increasingly acknowledged amongst both scholars and practitioners that tackling TOC requires the use of a broader and far more differentiated approach which addresses not only the multiplicity of non-State actors who have links to organized criminal groups (such as rebels and terrorists), but also the promotion of good governance, transparency, and professional ethics. The sound implementation of this approach must be seen as pivotal for achieving both global justice and security.

scholarly journals Economic Effects of European Neighborhood Policy on Countries

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Ballı ◽  
Gülçin Güreşçi Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
European Neighborhood Policy ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The Relationship

After the fifth enlargement of European Union in 2004 and with the expansion of European Unions borders and new neighbors, it became one of the important policies to provide security, stability and prosperity, and develop relationship between neighborhood countries. Although, enlargement process provide some opportunities to the member states of European Union, it brings about some difficulties. The differences at the life standards, environment, public health, prevention and combating organized crime between European Union and neighbor countries caused to create new policies. European Neighborhood Policy was launched in 2004, and consists of 16 countries, namely: Israel, Jordan, Moldova, Morocco, The Palestinian Authority, Tunisia, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Georgia, Lebanon, Algeria, Syria, Libya and Belarus. European Union and the partner country sign the Partnership and Cooperation Agreements or Association Agreements, and then the Agreement Action Plans are mutually adapted. Action Plans include privileged relationship, mutual commitment to common values, democracy and human rights, legal and market economy principles, good governance, sustainable development, energy and transportation policies. Within the framework of European Neighborhood Policy, the main aim is to arrange the relationship between the neighbors of European Union. In this study, economic effects of the European Neighborhood Policy will be examined for the relevant countries.

scholarly journals Frontera colombo-ecuatoriana: gobernanza criminal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Anthony Álvarez Durán
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Transnational Organized Crime ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Border Population

Criminal governance is a new object on the Colombian security-related investigation agenda. In Colombia, the constant presence of illegal groups affects regions far from urban centers. Based on the foregoing, the State has been supplanted in territorial control affecting binational ethnic communities on the border between Colombia and Ecuador. Empirical evidence shows that since the signing of the peace agreement in 2016, the presence of criminal governments defined by Lessing (2019) as the governance of criminal actors over populations within an economy, ethnic group or territory, has been increasing. The objective of this research proposal is to determine the factors that converge within the new dynamics of transnational organized crime after the FARC. To this end, the tentative question is the following: How is the relationship between regional and extra-regional criminal governments on the Colombian-Ecuadorian border configured with ethnic communities between 2016 and 2019? For methodological purposes, a review of the literature will be made under the conceptual framework of ‘criminal government’ proposed by Benjamin Lessing (2019). Indeed, analyzes of the border have been able to determine that the area is of strategic importance for criminal organizations. These groups are not exclusively dedicated to drug trafficking, but also to human trafficking, extortion, and fuel smuggling, factors by which criminal organizations compete or cooperate for control of the area through legitimacy within the border population.

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