Optimization and evaluation of a wind, solar and fuel cell hybrid system in supplying electricity to a remote district in national grid

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-418
Author(s):  
Reza Alayi ◽  
Alibakhsh Kasaeian ◽  
Atabak Najafi ◽  
Eskandar Jamali
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Current Load ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Hybrid Optimization Model

Purpose The important factors, which should be considered in the design of a hybrid system of photovoltaic and wind energy are discussed in this study. The current load demand for electricity, as well as the load profile of solar radiation and wind power of the specified region chosen in Iran, is the basis of design and optimization in this study. Hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) software was used to simulate and optimize hybrid energy system technically and economically. Design/methodology/approach HOMER software was used to simulate and optimize hybrid energy system technically and economically. Findings The maximum radiation intensity for the study area is 7.95 kwh/m2/day for July and the maximum wind speed for the study area is 11.02 m/s for January. Originality/value This research is the result of the original studies.

scholarly journals Modeling, Control and Power Management Strategy of a Grid connected Hybrid Energy System

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Kumar Bhuyan ◽  
Prakash Kumar Hota ◽  
Bhagabat Panda
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Load Demand

This paper presents the detailed modeling of various components of a grid connected hybrid energy system (HES) consisting of a photovoltaic (PV) system, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage tank with a power flow controller. Also, a valve controlled by the proposed controller decides how much amount of fuel is consumed by fuel cell according to the load demand. In this paper fuel cell is used instead of battery bank because fuel cell is free from pollution. The control and power management strategies are also developed. When the PV power is sufficient then it can fulfill the load demand as well as feeds the extra power to the electrolyzer. By using the electrolyzer, the hydrogen is generated from the water and stored in storage tank and this hydrogen act as a fuel to SOFC. If the availability of the power from the PV system cannot fulfill the load demand, then the fuel cell fulfills the required load demand. The SOFC takes required amount of hydrogen as fuel, which is controlled by the PID controller through a valve. Effectiveness of this technology is verified by the help of computer simulations in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment under various loading conditions and promising results are obtained.

Comparative Energy Cost Analysis of Hybrid System and Diesel Generator in Powering Selected Base Transceiver Stations in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ozaveshe Oviroh ◽  
Tien-Chien Jen ◽  
Nosa Idusuyi ◽  
Olushola Gbadeyan
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Prohibitive Cost ◽  
The Cost

The rapid increase in global communication infrastructure in developing countries has drawn significant attention to the telecom sector. However, the dismal performance of the power sector in some countries like Nigeria poses a great challenge to the telecom industry which requires a reliable, efficient and environmentally friendly energy supply. Unstable electric grids, an erratic power supply, non-availability of trained and skilled personnel, and a prohibitive cost of site maintenance cumulatively have increased the need to harness abundant renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind. A comparative study of the viability of solar-diesel hybrid against diesel-only generator systems in powering a base station using the cost of kilowatt hour (kWh) self-generated electricity and levelised cost of energy (LCOE) was undertaken using data from some sites located in the Southwest (SW) and the Northeast (NE) regions of Nigeria. Homer Pro Software was used in data analysis. The results obtained showed that with a hybrid energy system (solar and diesel generator), there were 79% savings in fuel consumption, 83.2% savings in operation and maintenance cost for the hybrid energy system in the SW. The savings on fueling as a result of the use of hybrid systems was 86%, and the carbon footprint reduction was 76%. Furthermore, the cost of operation was reduced by 51% for Northeast. The LCOE for the solar hybrid system was determined to be $1.44 for NE1A and NE1B while that of NE2A was $1.46 and NE2B $1.47.

scholarly journals Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of a Thermoelectric-Solar Hybrid Energy System Using an Inverse Dynamic Analysis Input Shaper

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Yusop ◽  
R. Mohamed ◽  
A. Ayob ◽  
A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Inverse Dynamic ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Inverse Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Input Shaper

This study presents the behavioral model of thermal temperature and power generation of a thermoelectric-solar hybrid energy system exposed to dynamic transient sources. In the development of thermoelectric-solar hybrid energy system, studies have focused on the regulation of both systems separately. In practice, a separate control system affects hardware pricing. In this study, an inverse dynamic analysis shaping technique based on exponential function is applied to a solar array (SA) to stabilize output voltage before this technique is combined with a thermoelectric module (TEM). This method can be used to estimate the maximum power point of the hybrid system by initially shaping the input voltage of SA. The behavior of the overall system can be estimated by controlling the behavior of SA, such that SA can follow the output voltage of TEM as the time constant of TEM is greater than that of SA. Moreover, by employing a continuous and differentiable function, the acquired output behavior of the hybrid system can be attained. Data showing the model is obtained from current experiments with predicted values of temperature, internal resistance, and current attributes of TEM. The simulation results show that the proposed input shaper can be used to trigger the output voltage of SA to follow the TEM behavior under transient conditions.

scholarly journals Modeling and Simulation of Grid Connected Hybrid Energy System and its Fault Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 775
Author(s):  
Sujit Kumar Bhuyan ◽  
Prakash Kumar Hota ◽  
Bhagabata Panda
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
System A ◽  
Supervisory Controller ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Cell Controller

This paper represents a hybrid energy system (HES) consisting of photovoltaic (PV), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), electrolyzer system and a storage tank. In this proposed system a fuel cell controller is used where a PID controller is utilized to control the flow of hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) through the valve to the SOFC to fulfill the load requirement. In this model a supervisory controller is used to regulate the whole system according to load requirement. So, when PV power is more than load requirement, then PV power fulfill the required load demand as well as the extra power of PV is utilized to generate the hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) by the help of electrolyzer, further this hydrogen is used as a fuel of SOFC. Also in this proposed model different types of faults are considered and verified their effect on the load as well as in distribution network. The computer simulations are done for the purpose technology and verified its effectiveness. Hence the appropriate results are obtained.

scholarly journals A Fuzzy Based Improved Control Strategy of Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Low Voltage and High Voltage Ride Through Compensation for Variable Speed Hybrid Energy 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uthra R ◽  
Suchitra D
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Dynamic Voltage Restorer ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Voltage Restorer ◽  
Dynamic Voltage

Abstract In present-day power generation systems, the integration of many renewable energy sources creating more sustainable hybrid energy network can be witnessed. The Hybrid energy system regulates the escalation in the cost of the energy that are linked with currently established energy resources. One such predominantly used Hybrid energy system happens to be Wind / Photo Voltaic (PV) integrated system which is a viable alternative to meet the rising energy demands.Fault Ride Through (FRT) is one of the cardinal essentialities that is perceived as an indispensable grid code because the effect of faults may propagate to a larger geographical area if FRT is not achieved. In a Hybrid system the ability of the generator to remain connected at the time of short electric fault like voltage dip is identified as Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) and voltage swell is known as High Voltage Ride Through (HVRT). When fault occurs at the point of the grid, LVRT or HVRT depending on the fault has to be determined and a pertinent compensation should be carried out. This paper proposes a compensation technique based on Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) employing fuzzy controller for LVRT and HVRT in hybrid systems. The disparityin the voltage at PCC is traced and is used to inject the necessary deficit voltage in case of sag or suppress the excessive voltage in case of swell in the hybrid system by means of DVR. This compensation in turn enables the parameters like DC link and stator voltage to stay within the admissible limits in the event of fault at the point of grid.

scholarly journals Cost Optimization of a Stand-Alone Hybrid Energy System with Fuel Cell and PV

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakti Singh ◽  
Prachi Chauhan ◽  
Mohd Asim Aftab ◽  
Ikbal Ali ◽  
S. M. Suhail Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy

Renewable energy has become very popular in recent years. The amount of renewable generation has increased in both grid-connected and stand-alone systems. This is because it can provide clean energy in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly fashion. Among all varieties, photovoltaic (PV) is the ultimate rising star. Integration of other technologies with solar is enhancing the efficiency and reliability of the system. In this paper a fuel cell–solar photovoltaic (FC-PV)-based hybrid energy system has been proposed to meet the electrical load demand of a small community center in India. The system is developed with PV panels, fuel cell, an electrolyzer and hydrogen storage tank. Detailed mathematical modeling of this system as well as its operation algorithm have been presented. Furthermore, cost optimization has been performed to determine ratings of PV and Hydrogen system components. The objective is to minimize the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of this standalone system. This optimization is performed in HOMER software as well as another tool using an artificial bee colony (ABC). The results obtained by both methods have been compared in terms of cost effectiveness. It is evident from the results that for a 68 MWh/yr of electricity demand is met by the 129 kW Solar PV, 15 kW Fuel cell along with a 34 kW electrolyzer and a 20 kg hydrogen tank with a LPSP of 0.053%. The LCOE is found to be in 0.228 $/kWh. Results also show that use of more sophisticated algorithms such as ABC yields more optimized solutions than package programs, such as HOMER. Finally, operational details for FC-PV hybrid system using IEC 61850 inter-operable communication is presented. IEC 61850 information models for FC, electrolyzer, hydrogen tank were developed and relevent IEC 61850 message exchanges for energy management in FC-PV hybrid system are demonstrated.

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