Wind energy potential assessment for KPT with a comparison of different methods of determining Weibull parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Hussain Hulio ◽  
Wei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weibull Parameters ◽  
Air Density

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate wind power potential of site using wind speed, wind direction and other meteorological data including temperature and air density collected over a period of one year. Design/methodology/approach The site-specific air density, wind shear, wind power density, annual energy yield and capacity factors have been calculated at 30 and 10 m above the ground level (AGL). The Weibull parameters have been calculated using empirical, maximum likelihood, modified maximum likelihood, energy pattern and graphical methods to determine the other dependent parameters. The accuracies of these methods are determined using correlation coefficient (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE) values. Findings The site-specific wind shear coefficient was found to be 0.18. The annual mean wind speeds were found to be 5.174 and 4.670 m/s at 30 and 10 m heights, respectively, with corresponding standard deviations of 2.085 and 2.059. The mean wind power densities were found to be 59.50 and 46.75 W/m² at 30 and 10 m heights, respectively. According to the economic assessment, the wind turbine A is capable of producing wind energy at the lowest value of US$ 0.034/kWh. Practical implications This assessment provides the sustainable solution of energy which minimizes the dependence on continuous supply of oil and gas to run the conventional power plants that is a major cause of increasing load shedding in the significant industrial and thickly populated city of Pakistan. Also, this will minimize the quarrel between the local power producer and oil and gas supplier during the peak season. Social implications This wind resource assessment has some important social implications including decreasing the environmental issues, enhancing the uninterrupted supply of electricity and decreasing cost of energy per kWh for the masses of Karachi. Originality/value The results are showing that the location can be used for installing the wind energy power plant at the lower cost per kWh compared to other energy sources. The wind energy is termed as sustainable solution at the lowest cost.

scholarly journals Extrapolation of wind data using generalized versus site-specific wind power law for wind power production prospective at Shahbandar- a coastal site in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872095250
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sumair ◽  
Tauseef Aized ◽  
Syed Asad Raza Gardezi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Coastal Site ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Density Values

The aim of this work is to compare the wind data extrapolated by 1/7th wind power law and site-specific wind power law for wind power potential estimation at Shahbandar. Both the Wind shear exponents (WSE) and local air density values were calculated using measured wind data at 10 and 30 m heights and they were found minimum in summer and maximum in winter. Weibull distribution was applied with a newly developed method to estimate the Weibull parameters whose accuracy was tested using coefficient of determination which was more than 95%. Technical analysis of energy generation was conducted which showed that GE1 and GE2 turbines have highest yield and capacity factors respectively while B3 and V5 has corresponding minimum values. Comparison showed that 1/7th wind power estimates lower values of wind potential than site-specific wind power law. Moreover, comparison of predicted data with measured data shows that site-specific wind power law estimates data more accurately.

Current scenario of wind power in India, government policies, initiatives, status and challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Vijay Satpute ◽  
E. Vijay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to review the role of government initiatives for the development of wind power industries in India, to provide better and benevolent policies in the production of wind energy density and to maximize the use of the renewable source of energy which permits to reduce carbon emission from the coal-based power plant and to curtail tackle need of society and mitigate poverty. Design/methodology/approach The present study is carried out on the current position of wind power generation in India. Government policies for promoting clean energy and associated problems are also analysed herein detail. However, secondary approaches are opted in terms of alertness of caring for the environment hazardous and reduced the major economies aspects by fulfilling the schema of Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Findings The prospective of wind energy generation is huge, as an ancient source of energy, wind can be used both as a source of electricity and for agricultural, irrigation uses. The study of wind turbine blades and its features showed how it can be properly fabricated and used to extract the maximum power, even at variable and low wind speeds. Research limitations/implications Although India has achieved a remarkable advancement in wind power sectors, it needs to eradicate all the loopholes to evolve as super power in wind energy sector leaving behind its rivalry China. To do this, it is required to develop in many fields such as skilled manpower, advancement in research and development, grid and turbine installation, proper distribution, smooth land acquisition, modern infrastructure, high investment and above all industry friendly government policy. Practical implications The present study finds out effects of wind power energy as a source of renewable energy to mitigate energy crisis. Social implications As a source of renewable energy and cost effectiveness, wind power can be evolved as a potential means enhance social life. Originality/value The present paper caries out critical analysis for the active use of renewable energy in the present and forthcoming days. Such unique analysis must help India as a developing nation to balance its energy crisis.

Comparison of numerical methods in estimating Weibull parameters to install a sustainable wind farm in mount Bamboutos, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinette Jeutho Gouajio ◽  
Pascalin Tiam Kapen ◽  
David Yemele
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Weibull Parameters ◽  
Wind Power Density ◽  
North East

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the wind energy potential of Mount Bamboutos in Cameroon by comparing nine numerical methods in determining Weibull parameters for the installation of a sustainable wind farm. Design/methodology/approach By using statistical analysis, the analysis of shape and scale parameters, the estimation of the available wind power density and wind direction frequency distributions, the objective of this paper is to compare nine numerical methods in estimating Weibull parameters for the installation of a sustainable wind farm in Mount Bamboutos, Cameroon. Findings The results suggested that the minimum and maximum values of the standard deviation occurred in the months of May and November 2016, respectively. The graphical method appeared to be the most effective method with the maximum value of variance and minimum values of chi-square and RMSE. The scale factor parameter values indicated that Mount Bamboutos hills were a potential site for electricity generation. The analysis of wind power density showed that it reached the maximum and minimum values in February and September, respectively. The wind direction frequency distributions showed that the prevailing wind directions were North-East. Originality/value The wind energy potential of Mount Bamboutos in Cameroon was performed by using nine numerical methods. Therefore, it could be effective to have a prediction model for the wind speed profile. The analysis of wind power density showed that it reached the maximum and minimum values in February and September, respectively. The wind direction frequency distributions showed that the prevailing wind directions were North-East.

scholarly journals Investigation of wind shear coefficients and their effect on annual energy yields along the coastal sites of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872093042
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sumair ◽  
Tauseef Aized ◽  
Syed Asad Raza Gardezi ◽  
Syed Muhammad Sohail Rehman ◽  
Syed Ubaid ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Wind Power Density ◽  
Cost Of Energy

Ten-year hourly recorded wind meteorological data at six sites along the coastline of Pakistan at two heights (10 and 50 m) were extrapolated to two higher heights (80 and 100 m). Monthly and seasonal analysis of variation in air density (ρ), wind speed, Weibull parameters ( K and C), wind power density, and wind energy density with height was investigated. Analysis shows that wind shear coefficient is highest in winter and lowest in summer. ρ, wind speed, wind power density, and wind energy density all increase with increasing hub height, with the most prominent increment in winter and the lowest in summer. With increasing height, K has been found to decrease slightly while C increases. Techno-economic feasibility analysis of annual energy production using 15 turbines was carried out which shows that capacity factor alone cannot render a turbine feasible but also economic assessment is mandatory to evaluate the feasibility of turbines. G1 and G2 turbines have been found the best options while B5 and V2 as the worst. Comparison among sites shows that Karachi is the most potential site with cost of energy of $0.017/kW h while Jiwani is the worst site with cost of energy of $0.039/kW h both at 100 m height.

scholarly journals Alternative to Oil and Gas: Review of Economic Benefits and Potential of Wind Power in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xinting Hu ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Mengyun Wu ◽  
Hee Cheol Moon ◽  
Xiaochen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Economic Criteria

Pakistan is one of those countries that are heavily dependent on hydrocarbon fuel for energy production. This results in severe CO2 emissions that lead to climate change. Although renewable energy resources such as wind are available in abundance, they have not been fully utilized and so energy crises in Pakistan increase every year. This study focuses on using wind energy as an alternative to thermal power sources as the main source of power generation in Pakistan. This research also helps in designing a project management tool to prioritize sources of power generation, including both renewables and nonrenewables, while also considering projects’ technical, environmental, social and economic criteria. An Analytical Hierarchy Process has been used to analyze the four main criteria and 12 subcriteria. The analysis revealed that wind energy is the best source among all options for power generation source, followed by solar. Oil, gas, and coal, the other three alternatives, were well below in a comparative analysis. Gas achieves overall better performance if only economic criteria are considered, but due to shortfalls in availability and diminishing reserves, this source is also not feasible. Relying on wind power as the only energy source will not be technically possible, but it can become a leading energy source inside Pakistan. This will reduce the burden on thermal energy sources and make the country more energy-secure, rather than relying heavily on imported oil and gas, as it currently does. Wind power generation capacity in Pakistan is increasing, so that the cumulative capacity is around 2118 MW installed and commissioned by the end of 2018.

scholarly journals Seasonal Correction of Offshore Wind Energy Potential due to Air Density: Case of the Iberian Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Ulazia ◽  
Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi ◽  
Jon Sáenz ◽  
Sheila Carreno-Madinabeitia ◽  
Santos J. González-Rojí
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Power Curve ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Wind Energy Potential

A constant value of air density based on its annual average value at a given location is commonly used for the computation of the annual energy production in wind industry. Thus, the correction required in the estimation of daily, monthly or seasonal wind energy production, due to the use of air density, is ordinarily omitted in existing literature. The general method, based on the implementation of the wind speed’s Weibull distribution over the power curve of the turbine, omits it if the power curve is not corrected according to the air density of the site. In this study, the seasonal variation of air density was shown to be highly relevant for the computation of offshore wind energy potential around the Iberian Peninsula. If the temperature, pressure, and moisture are taken into account, the wind power density and turbine capacity factor corrections derived from these variations are also significant. In order to demonstrate this, the advanced Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale Model (WRF) using data assimilation was executed in the study area to obtain a spatial representation of these corrections. According to the results, the wind power density, estimated by taking into account the air density correction, exhibits a difference of 8% between summer and winter, compared with that estimated without the density correction. This implies that seasonal capacity factor estimation corrections of up to 1% in percentage points are necessary for wind turbines mainly for summer and winter, due to air density changes.

Investigation of accurate location planning for wind farm establishment: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-845
Author(s):  
Ali Mostafaeipour ◽  
Sajjad Sadeghi ◽  
Mehdi Jahangiri ◽  
Omid Nematollahi ◽  
Ali Rezaeian Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Dual Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
First Time

Purpose Wind as a major source of renewable energy has received tremendous attentions due to its unique features to reduce carbon emission and also to keep the environment safe. Nevertheless, to use wind energy properly, the environmental circumstances and geographical location related to wind intensity should be considered as a priority. Different factors may affect the selection of a suitable location for developments of wind power plants; thus, these factors should be considered concurrently to identify the optimum location of wind plants. Design/methodology/approach In this study, first, basic data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used, then dual DEA was used and, finally, Anderson Petersen (AP) model of dual DEA was selected to prioritize cities or decision-making units (DMUs). Numerical Taxonomy (NT) method was also used to assess the validity of AP dual model in DEA. The prescribed approach was applied for five cities in East Azerbaijan province of Iran. Findings The results indicate that wind power as a renewable energy can be harnessed in few cities, and the ranking by DEA illustrated that the city of Tabriz is the first priority. Practical implications Low environmental degradation effects in comparison to other methods and the ability to utilization at a widespread level include the benefits of using wind energy in the generation of electricity. In this regard, the study of relevant potentials and finding suitable locations for the deployment of wind energy utilization equipment are essential. Using DEA method helps us to choose optimal locations according to different criteria. Social implications Wind energy is justifiable in reducing social costs in comparison with fossil fuel plants, which includes negative effects, and its electricity can be used as a sustainable energy in the country's economic, social and cultural development. Originality/value For identifying the most proper location for development of wind power plants in Iran, DEA is applied for the first time to prioritize the suitable locations for installations of wind turbines among five different cities in the East Azerbaijan region. A number of crucial factors including land price, distance to power, rate of natural hazards, wind speed and topography are considered for location optimization of wind turbines for the first time. Also, to validate the results of DEA method, NT method is used to assess the validity of AP dual model in DEA.

scholarly journals Air Density Induced Error on Wind Energy Estimation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Dupré ◽  
Philippe Drobinski ◽  
Jordi Badosa ◽  
Christian Briard ◽  
Riwal Plougonven
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Power Curves

Abstract. In recent years, environmental concerns have encouraged the use of wind power as a renewable energy resource. However, high penetration of the wind power in the electricity system is a challenge due to the uncertainty of wind energy forecast. Estimation of the wind energy production requires a forecast for the wind (the main source of uncertainty) but also of density, often overlooked. Measure of air density is a key for more accurate wind energy prediction. Wind farms often lack instrumentations of temperature and pressure, needed for accurate air density estimation at hub height to be used for locally debiasing air density forecast. In this study, the error budget of air density estimate is computed distinguishing temperature and pressure contributions. The analysis uses measurements for in-depth local analysis as well as meteorological reanalysis to investigate the added-value of a model-based value when measurement is missing. Meteorological reanalysis is also used to study spatial pattern of error budgets (mountainous area, coastal regions, plains, ...). The effect of altitude is carefully accounted for. Temperature is by far the variable inducing the largest errors when it is missing in the air density correction, and replaced by the standard atmosphere value (i.e. 15 °C, used as reference in power curves). It is particularly true for very cold or warm conditions (i.e. far from the standard value), for which the error on wind energy production is nearly halved when an accurate correction of temperature is performed.

A Dynamic Growth Model of Wind Power Optimal Investment Paths

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 713-718
Author(s):  
Wen Hui Zhao ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Jing Yan Ge
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Energy Emissions ◽  
Growth Energy

The current worldwide energy consumption is largely dominated by non-renewable energies such as coal, oil and gas. For well-known reasons, this concept should be changed to a more sustainable one based on renewable. Wind power, the most developed and commercialized renewable energy technology, has considerable potential. The relationship between economic growth, energy exhaustion and green house gas (GHG) emissions becomes the major recent years. Considering economic development, demand for energy, emissions abatement and wind energy substitution rate, a dynamic growth model with substitution of wind energy is presented. Based on the model, it describes how the activity of substitution impacts other elements in the economic system in the future. China is the selected study region and the optimal systemic project of wind power industry has been obtained by using the theory of cybernetics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Lebanon’s Offshore-Wind-Energy Potential

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi ◽  
Alain Ulazia ◽  
Jon Saénz ◽  
Santos J. González-Rojí
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Wind Power Density ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Wind Energy Potential

The only regional evaluation of Lebanese wind-energy potential (National Wind Atlas) dates back to 2011 and was carried out by a United Nations agency. In this work, data from the most recent reanalysis (ERA5) developed at the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF), corresponding to the 2010–2017 period, were used to evaluate Lebanese offshore-wind-energy potential. In the present study, wind power density associated to a SIEMENS 154/6 turbine was calculated with a horizontal resolution of 31 km and 1 hour time steps. This work incorporated the impact of air density changes into the calculations due to the seasonal evolution of pressure, temperature, and humidity. Observed average offshore air density ρ 0 was 1.19 kg / m 3 for the 2010–2017 period, but if instead of ρ 0 , hourly ρ values were used, seasonal oscillations of wind power density ( W P D ) represented differences in percentage terms ranging from −4% in summer to +3% in winter. ERA5 provides hourly wind, temperature, pressure, and dew-point temperature values that allowed us to calculate the hourly evolution of air density during this period and could also be used to accurately evaluate wind power density off the Lebanese coast. There was a significant gradient in wind power density along the shore, with the northern coastal area exhibiting the highest potential and reaching winter values of around 400 W / m 2 . Finally, this study suggests that the initial results provided by the National Wind Atlas overestimated the true offshore-wind-energy potential, thus highlighting the suitability of ERA5 as an accurate tool for similar tasks globally.

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