Modelling of small CFRP aerostructure parts for X-ray imaging simulation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a realistic computational model of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) structures dedicated for in-silico investigations of the use of X-ray-based imaging techniques as non-destructive testing (NDT) of CFRP parts. Design/methodology/approach – CFRPs contain layers of carbon-fibres bundles within resin. Bundles’ orientation in the different layers is arranged with respect to each other at a well-defined primary direction. In the model, the bundle was simulated as a circular cylinder. The resulted model is a stack of layers of unidirectional bundles having orientation of 0°/90°/45°/−45°. Two CFRP structures were modelled: a flat CFRP part and a real shaped CFRP clip. A porous layer and non-carbon fibres were inserted within each model, respectively. X-ray projection images were generated with a dedicated simulation programme. Three setups were investigated: radiography, tomosynthesis and cone-beam CT (CBCT). Findings – Results showed that porosity and non-carbon fibres were visible with all X-ray-based techniques. Tomosynthesis and CBCT, however, provide higher quality image of defects. Practical implications – The CFRP computational model is a valuable tool in design, testing and optimization phase of X-ray-based imaging techniques for use in NDT of composite materials. Simulated images are generated within a short time; thus results from virtual optimization and testing are obtained very fast and at low cost. Originality/value – An innovative computational model of CFRP structures, dedicated for X-ray imaging simulations, has been developed. The model is characterized by simplicity in its creation and realistic visual appearance of the produced X-ray images.

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Potential of Dual and Multi Energy XRT and CT Analyses on Iron Formations

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21072455 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 2455

Author(s):

Christine Bauer ◽

Rebecca Wagner ◽

Beate Orberger ◽

Markus Firsching ◽

Alexander Ennen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Areal Density ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Destructive Testing ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Imaging ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Internal Structures ◽

Background Material

Dual and multi energy X-ray transmission imaging (DE-/ME-XRT) are powerful tools to acquire quantitative material characteristics of diverse samples without destruction. As those X-ray imaging techniques are based on the projection onto the imaging plane, only two-dimensional data can be obtained. To acquire three-dimensional information and a complete examination on topology and spatial trends of materials, computed tomography (CT) can be used. In combination, these methods may offer a robust non-destructive testing technique for research and industrial applications. For example, the iron ore mining and processing industry requires the ratio of economic iron minerals to siliceous waste material for resource and reserve estimations, and for efficient sorting prior to beneficiation, to avoid equipment destruction due to highly abrasive quartz. While XRT provides information concerning the thickness, areal density and mass fraction of iron and the respective background material, CT may deliver size, distribution and orientation of internal structures. Our study shows that the data provided by XRT and CT is reliable and, together with data processing, can be successfully applied for distinguishing iron oxide rich parts from waste. Furthermore, heavy element bearing minerals such as baryte, uraninite, galena and monazite can be detected.

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X-Ray Imaging Techniques Appraisal: Pathway to Sustainable Health Status

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/655/1/012073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 655 (1) ◽

pp. 012073

Author(s):

J. A. Achuka ◽

M. R. Usikalu ◽

M. A. Aweda ◽

O. A. Olowoyeye ◽

C. A. Enemuwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Sustainable Health

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Sub-keV x-ray imaging using a low-cost ellipsoidal lens

Applied Optics ◽

10.1364/ao.16.000094 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 94 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jay S. Pearlman ◽

Robert F. Benjamin

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging

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Fast, Robust, and Low-Cost Microwave Imaging of Multiple Non-Metallic Pipes

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10151762 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 1762

Author(s):

Yuki Gao ◽

Maryam Ravan ◽

Reza K. Amineh

Keyword(s):

Antenna Arrays ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Imaging System ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Low Cost ◽

Microwave Imaging ◽

Airport Security ◽

Destructive Testing ◽

Security Screening ◽

Industrial Sectors

The use of non-metallic pipes and composite components that are low-cost, durable, light-weight, and resilient to corrosion is growing rapidly in various industrial sectors such as oil and gas industries in the form of non-metallic composite pipes. While these components are still prone to damages, traditional non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques such as eddy current technique and magnetic flux leakage technique cannot be utilized for inspection of these components. Microwave imaging can fill this gap as a favorable technique to perform inspection of non-metallic pipes. Holographic microwave imaging techniques are fast and robust and have been successfully employed in applications such as airport security screening and underground imaging. Here, we extend the use of holographic microwave imaging to inspection of multiple concentric pipes. To increase the speed of data acquisition, we utilize antenna arrays along the azimuthal direction in a cylindrical setup. A parametric study and demonstration of the performance of the proposed imaging system will be provided.

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Dental cone-beam CT reconstruction from limited-angle view data based on compressed-sensing (CS) theory for fast, low-dose X-ray imaging

Journal of the Korean Physical Society ◽

10.3938/jkps.64.1907 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (12) ◽

pp. 1907-1911

Author(s):

Uikyu Je ◽

Hyosung Cho ◽

Minsik Lee ◽

Jieun Oh ◽

Yeonok Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressed Sensing ◽

Low Dose ◽

Cone Beam Ct ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Ct Reconstruction ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Limited Angle

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Analysis of Compressibility Origins in Monolithic Ceramic Suspensions Using X-Ray Imaging Techniques

Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation ◽

10.1007/978-1-4613-0383-1_304 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 2323-2330

Author(s):

S. P. Huss ◽

J. N. Gray ◽

C. H. Schilling

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Ceramic Suspensions

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Truncated Inception Net: COVID-19 Outbreak Screening using Chest X-rays

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20795/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dipayan Das ◽

KC Santosh ◽

Umapada Pal

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

World Wide ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Imaging Systems ◽

Ct Scans ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Different Types

Abstract Since December 2019, the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused world-wide turmoil in less than a couple of months, and the infection, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is spreading at an unprecedented rate. AI-driven tools are used to identify Coronavirus outbreaks as well as forecast their nature of spread, where imaging techniques are widely used, such as CT scans and chest X-rays (CXRs). In this paper, motivated by the fact that X-ray imaging systems are more prevalent and cheaper than CT scan systems, a deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, which we call Truncated Inception Net, is proposed to screen COVID-19 positive CXRs from other non-COVID and/or healthy cases. To validate our proposal, six different types of datasets were employed by taking the following CXRs: COVID-19 positive, Pneumonia positive, Tuberculosis positive, and healthy cases into account. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.96% (AUC of 1.0) in classifying COVID- 19 positive cases from combined Pneumonia and healthy cases. Similarly, it achieved an accuracy of 99.92% (AUC of 0.99) in classifying COVID-19 positive cases from combined Pneumonia, Tuberculosis and healthy CXRs. To the best of our knowledge, as of now, the achieved results outperform the existing AI-driven tools for screening COVID-19 using CXRs.

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Bent Laue crystal anatomy: new insights into focusing and energy-dispersion properties

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s1600576720016428 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 409-426

Author(s):

Peng Qi ◽

Xianbo Shi ◽

Nazanin Samadi ◽

Dean Chapman

Keyword(s):

Ray Tracing ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Point Of View ◽

Energy Dispersion ◽

General Behaviour ◽

X Ray ◽

Spatial Properties ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Special Cases ◽

Intuitive View

X-ray Laue-type monochromators are common and essential optical components at many high-power X-ray facilities, e.g. synchrotron facilities. The X-ray optics of bent Laue crystals is a well developed area. An incident X-ray beam penetrating a bent Laue crystal will result in a diffracted beam with different angles and energies. There is a need for a way of organizing the rays that allows one to sort out the energy and spatial properties of the diffracted beam. The present work introduces a new approach for describing the general behaviour of bent Laue crystals from a ray-tracing point of view. This quasi-monochromatic beam approach provides an intuitive view of bent-crystal diffraction and leads to deeper understanding. It explains the energy and spatial properties of common and special cases of bent Laue optics, predicts phenomena that can improve energy-dispersion-related X-ray imaging techniques and provides a theoretical framework that makes ray-tracing simulation easier to realize.

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