Deterministic investigation of the contact behavior of nominally curved rough surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Yali Zhang ◽  
Xiaogang Zhang ◽  
Zhongmin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Curved Surfaces ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Contact Behavior ◽  
Random Roughness ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
Real Contact ◽  
Deformation Surface

Purpose This study aims to investigate the contact behavior of nominal curved surfaces with random roughness. Design/methodology/approach A deterministic model was applied to investigate the contact behavior. Numerical calculations were conducted on Gaussian and fractal profiles under a range of loading conditions. The deformation behavior is characterized in terms of three regimes including the elastic, elastoplastic and plastic regimes. Findings A linear relationship was observed between the real contact areas and normal loads, which is mainly governed by the plastic deformation. Surface roughness changes contact behavior by influence the transition of deformation regimes. Rougher surfaces generally demonstrate higher saturated plastic ratios. Originality/value The contact behavior of nominally curved surfaces with random roughness is understood in terms of the evolution of real contact areas and plastic ratios. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-05-2019-0190.

Wisconsin Assistive Technology Initiative framework for supporting assistive technology decision-making in Singapore schools: perspectives of in-service educators

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Ee Wong ◽  
YingMin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Technology Initiative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trial Experience ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study explored in-service educators' experience of using the Wisconsin Assistive Technology Initiative (WATI) for assistive technology (AT) decision-making within Singapore schools.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative design. Eight educators across both mainstream and special education schools were introduced to the WATI framework which they subsequently employed as a trial experience for a student under their care. Written feedback gathered from participants was analysed to identify common issues and themes regarding the use of the WATI framework for AT decision-making.FindingsThe comprehensive consideration of a broad scope of different factors, provision of a structured process for AT decision-making, as well as a common language for use by different stakeholders emerged as key benefits of implementing the WATI. Challenges encountered include administrative struggles in gathering different stakeholders together, time and resource constraints and difficulties in loaning AT devices for trial use.Practical implicationsBased on educators' feedback, recommendations to facilitate the adoption of the WATI for AT decision-making within Singapore schools are discussed and considered. This study also highlights the need for greater AT instruction within both preservice and in-service teacher preparation programmes in Singapore.Originality/valueSchools in Singapore currently rarely adopt any frameworks in place to guide educators through a systematic process of AT consideration. It is anticipated that this study will spearhead and drive the adoption of systematic frameworks such as the WATI for better AT decision-making within Singapore schools.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon 10.1108/JET-03-2021-0015

What makes peer review helpfulness evaluation in online review communities? An empirical research based on persuasion effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1267-1286
Author(s):  
Yani Wang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Tang Yao ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Online Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Review Helpfulness ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanism of how peer review helpfulness evaluation in online review communities is established, drawing upon the internalization and identification routes of persuasion effect.Design/methodology/approachBased on book reviews selected from Douban.com (a prestigious review community in China), this study used econometric models to investigate the effects of both reviews and reviewers’ characteristics on peer review helpfulness evaluation in review communities.FindingsReview internalization is more persuasive than reviewers’ identification in peer evaluations, in terms of both short and long reviews. Reviews with extreme negative ratings tend to obtain higher level of helpfulness evaluation than those with positive or moderate ratings. The influence of reviewers’ characteristics is a significant cue in helping consumers to establish the trust perception in the context of short reviews, while its function diminishes in the context of long reviews, thus suggesting the importance of reviewers’ identification for short reviews in review communities.Social implicationsThe findings will enhance current understanding of peer review review helpfulness evaluation in online review communities and help practitioners administrate community reviews intelligently, help members write better reviews and customers in their product browsing experience.Originality/valueFirst, this study enriches review evaluation research in review communities by demonstrating the importance of internalization and identification lens of persuasion effect when explaining review helpfulness; second, this study helps to confirm the existing findings that reviews with extreme negative ratings are more helpful than those with moderate or positive ratings in review communities; third, this study proposes a new perspective pertaining to the relationship between reviewers’ identification and helpfulness evaluation.

Information activities as serious leisure within the fanfiction community

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Hill ◽  
Jen J.L. Pecoskie
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Serious Leisure ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Fanfiction communities are actively engaged in creating cultural products. These large online communities have created and developed conventions that guide their solutions to gathering and presenting their work. The purpose of this paper is to investigate those conventions looking for evidence of information-related pursuits as serious leisure (SL) (Stebbins, 2007). Design/methodology/approach A diverse collection of fanfiction publishing platforms, blogs, and associated websites were subject to a qualitative inductive analysis (Lincoln and Guba, 1985). Platforms included both generalist sites like Archive of Our Own and more focused sites such as Teen Wolf Fic Finder. Findings Findings show significant information-related activities around collecting, wayfinding, and organizing. Collecting centers on platform policies focused on scope. Wayfinding relates to peer review as well as various reference-like work including reader’s advisory, reference questioning, and the creation of pathfinders. Organizing looks to the unique organizational schema created and used by the fanfiction communities. Research limitations/implications The authors explore implications of these activities in reference to the fanfiction community and the library and information science (LIS) discipline. The fanfiction community is shifting out of an ephemeral existence and into one of a more permanent digital heritage. Fanfiction is an SL pursuit that also has much to offer for consideration to the LIS discipline. Practical implications With respect to the wayfinding and organizing conventions of fanfiction communities, these activities provide librarianship with the opportunity to consider traditional activities in new ways. Originality/value Fanfiction is a little studied phenomenon in SL and in LIS. This research provides connections to both areas.

An improved degraded adhesion model for wheel–rail under braking conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenliang Zhu ◽  
Wenjian Zhu ◽  
Shubin Zheng ◽  
Na Wu
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Adhesion Model ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Degraded Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Condition

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an improved adhesion model to better reproduce the low adhesion condition of the anti-skid control for rail vehicles under braking condition. Design/methodology/approach In view of the low adhesion characteristics for rail vehicles under braking conditions, the Polach adhesion model was improved based on the sliding power and sliding energy. The wheel–rail low adhesion model suitable for braking condition was given. The analysis of braking anti-skid control under emergency braking condition was carried out through the co-simulation, and compared with the test data; the effectiveness and practicability of the improved low adhesion model were verified. Findings The results showed that the improved adhesion model is simple and efficient and the parameters involved are less, and it can be directly applied to the real-time simulation of anti-skid control in the process of train braking. Originality/value This paper can provide a theoretical reference for the reasons of change and improvement of adhesion between wheel and rail caused by the adjustment of braking force under anti-skid control, which can fulfill a need to the study of sliding energy on the contact surface, the removal effect of pollutants on the wheel–rail surface and the improvement and recovery of adhesion caused. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2020-0244/

Effects of operating conditions on cavitation induction of spiral groove liquid-film seal (SG-LFS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1267-1275
Author(s):  
Zhentao Li ◽  
Xiaoli Yin ◽  
Jixiang Yue ◽  
Fuyu Liu ◽  
Muming Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spiral Groove ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relaxation Scheme ◽  
Cavitation Pressure ◽  
Lubricant Viscosity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of operating conditions including process coefficient, lubricant viscosity and cavitation pressure on the cavitation of spiral groove liquid-film seal (SG-LFS). Design/methodology/approach A mathematical model of SG-LFS is established based on the JFO boundary and a relative density is introduced. The universal governing equation after a coordinate transformation is discretized by the FVM method and solved by the Gauss-Seidel relaxation scheme. Findings The results indicate that the two-dimensional size of cavitation and cavitation degree are affected significantly by the process coefficient and lubricant viscosity but the effect of cavitation pressure can be ignored. Originality/value The effect mechanisms of operating conditions on the cavitation of SG-LFS are studied by the JFO boundary and cavitation degree characterized by a relative density. The results presented are helpful to perfect and deeply understand the cavitation mechanism of liquid-film seal. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-03-2020-0083/

Frictional characteristics of thin-walled tubes in liquid impact forming

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-643
Author(s):  
Jianping Ma ◽  
Lianfa Yang ◽  
Yulin He ◽  
Jian Guo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Liquid Impact ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Short Time

Purpose This paper aims to study frictional characteristics of thin-walled tubes in the liquid impact forming (LIF) process. Design/methodology/approach LIF experiments under various impacting velocities were performed on SUS304 stainless steel tubes with various guiding lengths on a custom-designed measurement system to investigate the effects of impacting velocity and guiding length on the coefficient of friction (COF) in the guiding zone. Findings The results indicate that the COF changes dynamically in the guiding zone and decreases with the deformation process. The reduction range of the COF is wider in LIF than in both the conventional and pulsating hydroforming (THF), which may be contributed to the impacting velocities in a short time. Moreover, the COF decreases faster in the first half of the LIF process than in the second half. Under different impacting velocities and guiding lengths, the decreasing rate of the COF in the first half is more sensitive and obvious than that in the second half. Originality/value A method for determining the COF in the guiding zone in LIF is proposed and the frictional characteristics in LIF are studied. Comparing the COF of tubes in conventional THF, pulsating THF and the LIF process is valuable for improving and predicting the tubular formability in various hydraulic environments for industrial production. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2019-0269

Effect of shot peening on the wear behavior of Ti(C,N) coating on TA15 alloy prepared by double glow plasma carbonitriding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Xue ◽  
Qiang Miao ◽  
Wenping Liang ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Weiwei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Glow Plasma ◽  
Ta15 Alloy ◽  
Oxidation Wear ◽  
Quality Surface

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare Ti(C,N) coatings on TA15 treated and not treated by shot peening using double glow plasma alloying technique. The effect of shot peening on the wear behavior of Ti(C,N) coatings is discussed. Design/methodology/approach The Ti(C,N) coatings were prepared by double glow plasma alloying technique on two different TA15 substrate; one is shot peened and the other is not. Findings Ti(C,N) coating on SP-treated TA15 was thicker and denser, and the grain size was smaller compared with that on original TA15. Compared with the Ti(C,N) coating on original TA15, the wear resistance of that on SP-treated TA15 is improved. Ti(C,N) coating on SP-treated TA15 showed higher nanohardness and bearing capacity than that on original TA15. Originality/value For double glow plasma alloying technique, surface quality, surface activity and other factors will have influence on the thickness and density of the coating. The wear mechanisms of Ti(C,N) coating on original TA15 are serious abrasive wear and oxidation wear. However, the wear mechanism of Ti(C,N) coating on SP-treated TA15 is slightly oxidation wear. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2020-0283/

Prevalence of anger, engaged in sadness: engagement in misinformation, correction, and emotional tweets during mass shootings

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Shaheen Kanthawala ◽  
Brian C. Britt ◽  
Danielle F. Deavours ◽  
Tanya Ott-Fulmore
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mass Shooting ◽  
Corrective Information

PurposeThe goal of this study is to examine how tweets containing distinct emotions (i.e., emotional tweets) and different information types (i.e., misinformation, corrective information, and others) are prevalent during the initial phase of mass shootings and furthermore, how users engage in those tweets.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers manually coded 1,478 tweets posted between August 3–11, 2019, in the immediate aftermath of the El Paso and Dayton mass shootings. This manual coding approach systematically examined the distinct emotions and information types of each tweet.FindingsThe authors found that, on Twitter, misinformation was more prevalent than correction during crises and a large portion of misinformation had negative emotions (i.e., anger, sadness, and anxiety), while correction featured anger. Notably, sadness-exhibiting tweets were more likely to be retweeted and liked by users, but tweets containing other emotions (i.e., anger, anxiety, and joy) were less likely to be retweeted and liked.Research limitations/implicationsOnly a portion of the larger conversation was manually coded. However, the current study provides an overall picture of how tweets are circulated during crises in terms of misinformation and correction, and moreover, how emotions and information types alike influence engagement behaviors.Originality/valueThe pervasive anger-laden tweets about mass shooting incidents might contribute to hostile narratives and eventually reignite political polarization. The notable presence of anger in correction tweets further suggests that those who are trying to provide correction to misinformation also rely on emotion. Moreover, our study suggests that displays of sadness could function in a way that leads individuals to rely on false claims as a coping strategy to counteract uncertainty.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-03-2021-0121/

Reconciling the effects of positive and negative electronic word of mouth: roles of confirmation bias and involvement

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh-Chyun Tang ◽  
Pei-Min Wu
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mystery Novels

PurposeThe study explored users' tendency of confirmation bias when processing congenial vs. uncongenial electronic-word-of-mouth (e-WOM) about mystery fictions, a hedonic product category with strong experience and hedonic characters.Design/methodology/approachA two-stage judgment approach was employed where the participants were asked to judge a set of mystery novels twice: one before, and another after they were exposed to positive and negative e-WOM. The first-stage judgment established two favored and two disfavored titles by each participant. They were then asked to read six consumer reviews – three positive and three negative – for each of the four titles. The procedures created four review evaluation situations: two congruent and two incongruent, which allowed the authors to assess the participants' perceptions of congenial and uncongenial reviews and their rating adjustments of the titles. Participants' involvement in mystery novels was also measured to test its moderating effect on confirmation bias.FindingsConfirmation bias in the evaluation of e-WOM was observed and reinforced by the user's involvement in the genre. Congenial reviews were perceived to be significantly more credible, better reflect the intrinsic value of a title and less subjectively motivated than uncongenial reviews. Furthermore, after exposure to equal amount of positive and negative e-WOM, an asymmetrical adjustment of final rating of the titles was observed. A significantly greater downward adjustment was observed for disfavored than favored titles. Stronger positive confirmation bias was also observed in the evaluation of WOM.Research limitations/implicationsPrevious studies on e-WOM have shown conflicting findings on the relative efficacy of positive vs. negative reviews. By introducing the factor of prior attitudes, the study demonstrated that whether WOM is consistent with an individual's prior attitude, rather than the valences of WOM in itself, determines its persuasiveness. Thus, it established the confirmation bias in users' processing of e-WOM. The finding highlights the importance for marketers to establish a positive initial impression, which, as the findings demonstrated, helps alleviate the damages caused by negative WOM.Originality/valueThis is the first study that has ever attempted to study the effect of confirmation bias during the users' processing of e-WOM in an experimental setting. By having the participants judge the books before and after exposure to congenial and uncongenial e-WOM, the authors were able to establish the link between the users' prior commitment to a book and their subsequent judgment of both the titles and the e-WOM.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-01-2020-0026

ViewpointRuminations on peer review in the time of social change

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Dali
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Journal Editor ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Published Research

PurposeThis viewpoint article looks at several approaches to peer review that become detrimental to the scholarly process and disadvantage diverse voices in the scholarly conversation.Design/methodology/approachAs a viewpoint article, the piece relies on published research and the author's personal experience as an author and a journal editor.FindingsThe article focuses on the manuscript structure; manuscript length expectations; and several immediately obvious effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the scholarly communication process.Originality/valueThe article addresses the aforementioned aspects of peer review with a goal of contemplating their cumulative impact on the state of diversity in scholarly communication and suggests possible ways of rethinking the situation.

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