Perceptions of childhood vaccination practices among beneficiaries and healthcare service providers in slums under the national immunization program of India: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Singh ◽  
Damodar Sahu ◽  
Ashish Agrawal ◽  
Meeta Dhaval Vashi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
National Immunization

PurposeA qualitative study can help in understanding the unpolluted perspectives of key stakeholders involved in the vaccination practices and can explore vital factors that could influence vaccination-related behaviors and their utilization. This study aims to document the perceptions of caretakers, community members and healthcare service providers related to childhood vaccination practices in slums under the national immunization program (NIP) of India.Design/methodology/approachThis was a qualitative community-based cross-sectional study. Focus group discussions with caretakers, community members and healthcare service providers were used to build a holistic, detailed description and analysis of the factors associated with childhood vaccination practices within its real-world context.FindingsLack of awareness, fear of adverse events following immunization, inappropriate timing of vaccination sessions, loss of daily earnings, migration, lack of good behavior of health staffs, shortage of logistics and vaccines, limited resources and infrastructures and high expectations of beneficiaries were some of the vital barriers impacting vaccination practices in slums.Research limitations/implicationsThough this study provides significant good information on the indicators that can be considered to improve the vaccination practices in any slum settings, it has is also a limitations too due to its setting. Therefore, one needs to be cautious while generalizing these results to other settings like rural. In addition, Though we believe that these strategies could be useful in any setting, it is also important to tailor these observations them as per the need of the society and the population. Also, this is a self-reported qualitative study and therefore the perspectives reported in this study need to be taken with caution. Further, low vaccination, poor awareness, compromised healthcare services, high expectations could be considered as a stigma/fear among the responders and therefore there is always a chance of underreporting. Thus, it would be important in future to conduct a study involving a broader group of people in society and to establish factors associated with the vaccination coverage. that can help in improvement of vaccination.Originality/valueInitiatives such as regular interactions at different levels, effective communication including reminders, behavior interventions, the continued supply of vaccines and logistics, additional resources for the vaccination program, incentives and recognition, extended sessions and people-friendly healthcare delivery system could be helpful to strengthen the routine vaccination practices in slums.

Experience of family caregivers of community-dwelling stroke survivors and risk of elder abuse: a qualitative study

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Chow ◽  
Agnes Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Personal Resilience

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the following questions. First, what are the experiences of family caregivers in caring for community-dwelling stroke survivors? Second, what services help or do not help the caregivers in managing their caregiving role? Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative study was conducted with a total of six focus group interviews with 29 stroke caregivers selected using convenience sampling in a local community centre. All interviews were recorded and transcribed for content analysis. Findings – The results pointed to three main themes working together to facilitate desirable outcomes in caregiving and prevent elder abuse: factors contributing to caregiver stress and factors that have a buffering effect on caregiver stress and unmet needs identified from caregivers’ experiences. Research limitations/implications – The authors found that there were a number of factors contributing to caregiver stress. The findings matched with the concept that caregiver stress should not be considered as the primary cause of elder abuse. Findings provided information for further research to investigate positive coping and adjustment for stroke survivors, caregivers and their families. Practical implications – Policy makers and service providers may consider specific policies and tailor-made services to enhance the effectiveness of current practice. The themes emerging from the study could be further reviewed in a longitudinal way to explore the cost-effectiveness, the outcomes and trajectory of interventional programmes. Social implications – Education would be essential to let the public understand caregivers’ difficulties and needs. Prevention of elder abuse may be approached with a range of risk factors for both perpetrating and being elder abuse victim. Originality/value – From the findings of the study, the authors found that there were service gaps within policy and interventions. Concrete suggestions for improving the public's attitude and public facilities/transport for the disabled were captured in the study. In addition to personal resilience, caregivers had a strong wish for a supportive environment and services that would facilitate a better caregiving outcome.

Service quality in public health clinics: perceptions of users and health professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 680-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingos Fernandes Campos ◽  
Rinaldo Bezerra Negromonte Filho ◽  
Felipe Nalon Castro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Public Health Clinics ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the expectations and quality gaps in services provided at city public health clinics in the city of Natal, Brazil, from the perspective of patients and healthcare service providers. Design/methodology/approach The research sample consisted of 1,200 patients who used public health services and 265 providers – doctors, nutritionists, physiotherapists, psychologists, pharmacists and managers at three health clinics in the city of Natal, Brazil. A scale with 25 health service attributes was used in data collection. Summary statistics and t-test were used to analyze the data. Findings The results show that the providers think that users have lower levels of expectations than those indicated by the users in all attributes. Providers and users have the most approximate insights into what attributes are considered most important: explanations, level of knowledge and attention dispensed by health professionals. Users and providers perceived similar quality gaps for most of the attributes. The gaps were statistically the same, when comparing the mean quality shortcomings by means of a Student’s test, considering a significance level of 5 percent, obtained independently by the manifestation of users and providers. Research limitations/implications The results reveal only a photograph of the moment. The study did not consider the differences that may exist between groups with different income levels, genders or age groups. A qualitative study could improve the understanding of the differences and coincidences of the diverse points of views. A more advanced research could even study possibilities so that health managers could promote changes in the service, some of them low cost, as the health professionals training for contact with patients. Practical implications The evaluation of the service quality complemented by the matrix of opportunities, importance × quality gaps generates information to help make decisions in the rational allocation of available resources and improvement of the quality of the service delivered to patients. Besides, it offers a focus to prioritize specific actions. Originality/value It is important to compare the perceptions of service quality between patients and the healthcare service providers who work in direct contact with them. The managers can smooth out these differences and ensure, over time, customer satisfaction. In this study, providers were asked to express what they think about the expectations of patients and about their own service performance delivered. Thus, not only the traditional gap 5 was measured, but it was also possible to evaluate the distance between what providers think that patients need and their actual needs.

scholarly journals “No piracy talk”: how online brand communities work to denormalize controversial gaming practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1103-1122
Author(s):  
Daiane Scaraboto ◽  
Stefânia Ordovás de Almeida ◽  
João Pedro dos Santos Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Brand Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Communities ◽  
Online Brand Communities ◽  
Online Brand Community ◽  
Alternative Practices ◽  
Normalization Process

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explain how online brand communities work to support the denormalization of controversial (i.e. illegal yet normalized) gaming practices.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study was characterized by long-term immersion in an online brand community for Brazilian Xbox gamers. The dataset includes online and offline interactions with community members, interviews, and online archival data.FindingsThis study shows how online brand community members promoted legal gaming in a market where piracy was prevalent. It demonstrates how community members worked to establish coherence; engaged in cognitive participation; developed collective action that extended beyond the community; and reflected on their own work.Research limitations/implicationsThis study identifies online brand communities as a potential ally in combating controversial practices in online gaming; complements individual and behavioral approaches in explaining why consumers adopt controversial practices in online environments; and adds a normalization framework to the toolkit of Internet researchers.Practical implicationsThis study identifies ways in which the potential of online brand communities can be leveraged to reduce consumer adherence to controversial gaming practices through denormalizing these and normalizing alternative practices that may be more desirable to companies and other stakeholders.Originality/valueThis long-term, qualitative study inspired by normalization process theory offers an innovative perspective on the online practices of consumers who engage with a brand in ways that create value for themselves and for the brand.

You are an embarrassment

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhi Gahlot Sarkar ◽  
Abhigyan Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Theory Framework

Purpose The purposes of this qualitative study are to investigate brand embarrassment which is a unique social consumption emotion and to identify possible antecedents, consequences and moderating factors associated with it. Design/methodology/approach The study reviewed a large volume of literature on embarrassment. The literature review was followed by a series of semi-structured, in-depth interviews of selected brand-conscious young adult informants in India. The data collected through such interviews were coded following grounded theory method. Findings The final outcome of the study is a comprehensive grounded theory framework. The framework depicts various antecedents and consequences of brand embarrassment and specific moderating factors shaping the influences of specific antecedents on brand embarrassment. Originality/value The value of this qualitative study lies in developing an elaborate grounded theory framework showing the inter-relationships between brand embarrassment and other related concepts.

Public perception of corporate social responsibility of AngloGold Ashanti in Obuasi Municipality, Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Mensah Abraham ◽  
Valentina Asor ◽  
Florence Torviawu ◽  
Helen Yeboah ◽  
Frank Laryea
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose This paper aims to ascertain how knowledge of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by community members influenced their perception of Anglo Gold Ashanti (AGA) and its reputation. Design/methodology/approach The study used a qualitative approach using the phenomenology design. The population of the study was the residents of the Obuasi Municipality and a sample size of 20 was used. Purposive sampling was used to select both the sample frame and the respondents for the interview. An interview guide was used to carry out the in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview notes. Findings The study found out that the CSR carried out by AGA was mainly for philanthropic or ethical purposes. The CSR of AGA was perceived to be very important for the Obuasi Municipality, except that it has not been done to the satisfaction of the community members. There was a gap between the perception of the community members about AGA’s CSR and the observed CSR activities of AGA. Research limitations/implications The findings are based on people’s experiences and may differ in another geographic area even within the same country. People’s experiences may be different from reality. Practical implications Detailed background study is required to understand the expectations of communities where mining firms operate. Social implications It is important for companies to appreciate the fact that communities in Africa have high expectations from entities doing business because there are real needs in communities. Originality/value Poor CSR practices will jeopardise the relationship between the firm and the community.

Empowering the insured under health insurance: a case study in center of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-338
Author(s):  
Mohsen Pakdaman ◽  
Sara Geravandi ◽  
Ali Hejazi ◽  
Mobin Salehi ◽  
Mahboobeh Davoodifar
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Decision

Purpose Currently, the health system is a treatment-oriented system focused on service providers. In this system, the main focus is on the health market, with little attention on insured. One way to get out of existing conditions is to empower the insured in order to involve them actively in maintaining and improving health. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study was done using the content analysis method. Based on the purposive sampling method and theoretical saturation criterion, 24 individuals including 12 health insurance experts and 12 insured participated in the study in 2018. The semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA10 software. Findings Having analyzed the interviews, 750 codes were obtained. These codes were categorized into two categories of “insurance experts” and “insured” and ten subcategories of “informing and educating, cost reduction, intersectional activities, expectations from the insured, services package, access to services, inability to pay costs, participation, and expectations from the insurance organization.” Originality/value This qualitative study was conducted to assess and determine the effective strategies for empowering the insured under health insurance. The results of this study are helpful to the health insurance organizations and health decision makers to detect the effective ways to develop the quality of insurance services, improve the status of insured, and increase access to health care goods and services.

“As soon as people hear that word…”: associative stigma among clinicians working with people with serious mental illness

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Vayshenker ◽  
Joseph DeLuca ◽  
Timothy Bustle ◽  
Philip Yanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Stigma By Association ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Associative Stigma

Purpose Stigma by association occurs when members affiliated with a marginalized group become discredited themselves. The purpose of this paper is to explore associative stigma among mental health (MH) clinicians working with individuals diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI). Design/methodology/approach In total, 47 eligible service providers completed an online qualitative study, with open-ended questions about areas touching on associative stigma such as assumptions about the MH profession, personal experiences of work-related stigma, and ways of coping. Findings The data revealed that MH clinicians commonly endorse experiences of associative stigma. The following themes were derived: experiences of stigma in describing the profession to others, media portrayal of MH professionals, assumptions about the field, ascriptions of personal characteristics, job devaluation, means of coping with associative stigma, and impact of associative stigma on work on clients. Originality/value This is the first qualitative study to examine the phenomenon of associative stigma with MH clinicians. This study suggests that MH providers working with people with SMI do encounter associative stigma when discussing their profession with community members. Professionals discussed encountering the stereotype that the work that they do is dangerous, that it is something “unwanted” and that it does not require much skill but could be done by anyone. Associative stigma could be an important component in the understanding of factors related to professional burnout.

Impact of hospital atmosphere on perceived health care outcome

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Narang ◽  
Pia Polsa ◽  
Alabi Soneye ◽  
Wei Fuxiang
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Healthcare Quality ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
Developed Nations

Purpose – Healthcare service quality studies primarily examine the relationships between patients ' perceived quality and satisfaction with healthcare services, clinical effectiveness, service use, recommendations and value for money. These studies suggest that patient-independent quality dimensions (structure, process and outcome) are antecedents to quality. The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative by looking at the relationship between hospital atmosphere and healthcare quality with perceived outcome. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from Finland, India, Nigeria and the People ' s Republic of China. Regression analysis used perceived outcome as the dependent variable and atmosphere and healthcare service quality as independent variables. Findings – Results showed that atmosphere and healthcare service quality have a statistically significant relationship with patient perceived outcomes. Research limitations/implications – The sample size was small and the sampling units were selected on convenience; thus, caution must be exercised in generalizing the findings. Practical implications – The study determined that service quality and atmosphere are considered significant for developing and developed nations. This result could have significant implications for policy makers and service providers developing healthcare quality and hospital atmosphere. Originality/value – Studies concentrate on healthcare outcome primarily regarding population health status, mortality, morbidity, customer satisfaction, loyalty, quality of life, customer behavior and consumption. However, the study exposes how patients perceive their health after treatment. Furthermore, the authors develop the healthcare service literature by considering atmosphere and perceived outcome.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CRIMINAL INVOLVEMENT IN A MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hieu V. Ngo ◽  
Marian J. Rossiter ◽  
Cam Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Criminal Involvement ◽  
Ethnocultural Community

This study examined risk and protective factors associated with the criminal involvement of some members of the ethnocultural community. Results from ten focus groups comprised of diverse ethnocultural community members, law enforcement personnel, and service providers in four centres in Alberta revealed multiple, complex criminological risk factors related to home country experience, acculturation, strains in community interactions, socioeconomic disparity, negative media influence, and interaction with the criminal justice system. They also highlighted a number of protective factors that have prevented criminal involvement of ethnocultural community members, including family support, the strengths of ethnocultural communities, community engagement and civic participation, and access to social services. Insights from the focus groups served as the basis for a theoretical discussion and recommendations for crime prevention in a multicultural society.

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