scholarly journals Entrepreneurial university ecosystems and graduates' career patterns: do entrepreneurship education programmes and university business incubators matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Guerrero ◽  
David Urbano ◽  
Eduardo Gajón
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Career Patterns ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThis paper provides insights about how graduates' career patterns (i.e. academic entrepreneur, self-employed or paid employed) are influenced by entrepreneurial university ecosystems (i.e. incubators and entrepreneurship education programs).Design/methodology/approachBy adopting Douglas and Shepherd's utility-maximising function, the influence of one entrepreneurial university ecosystem on graduates' career choices was tested using a sample of 11,512 graduates from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (ITESM) in Mexico.FindingsOur results show the critical role of entrepreneurial universities ecosystems in facilitating employability options as academic entrepreneurship for ITESM's graduates. The study shows some insights about how graduates' risk aversion and work effort are positively influenced by the university business incubator and entrepreneurship education programs, respectively.Practical implicationsDiverse implications for stakeholders have emerged from our results. These implications are associated with potential benefits of implementing programmes oriented to engage academic entrepreneurship within Latin American universities.Originality/valueEntrepreneurial universities provide a range of employability alternatives for their students, such as to be self-employed, academic entrepreneurs or paid employees. In this scenario, entrepreneurial universities have configured entrepreneurial ecosystems (educational programmes, business incubators and other infrastructures) to support potential entrepreneurs (students, academics, staff and alumni). Despite the relevance of the environmental conditions on individuals' occupational choices, few studies have explored the role of the entrepreneurial university ecosystems on graduates' employability. In this vein, our study contributes to some academic discussions: (1) the role of context on career choice models (Ilouga et al., 2014; Sieger and Monsen, 2015), (2) the role of incubators and entrepreneurship education on fostering academic entrepreneurship on the graduates' community (Nabi et al., 2017; Good et al., 2019; Guerrero and Urbano, 2019a) and (3) the effectiveness of the entrepreneurial university ecosystems on graduates' employability (Herrera et al., 2018; Wright et al., 2017).

Entrepreneurial university: towards a better understanding of past trends and future directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 316-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Mascarenhas ◽  
Carla Susana Marques ◽  
Anderson Rei Galvão ◽  
Gina Santos
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Isi Web Of Science ◽  
The University

Purpose This study aims to explore and analyse the literature, related to the Entrepreneurial University, published in the ISI Web of Science, from 1900 to present. The objectives of this paper are, first, to describe how this field of research is organised in terms of publications, authors and sources (i.e. documents), and, second, to identify the main references cited and ways in which they are grouped (i.e. clusters). In addition, this paper discusses how this literature presents challenges. Namely, from this bibliometric study, what has already been studied and the limits of these studies, as well as the research opportunities for this area, can be understood. Design/methodology/approach The documents obtained from a search of the ISI Web of Science were subjected to a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software. Findings A systematic literature review showed that universities are increasingly dedicated to the commercialisation of knowledge. The results include three clusters: Cluster one – “Entrepreneurial Universities” focuses on changes in the university paradigm; Cluster two – “Academic Entrepreneurship” refers to the commercialisation of knowledge; and Cluster three – “Creation of Technology-Based Companies” focuses on spin-off creation. Originality/value By studying the citation profile of documents on the entrepreneurial university, this study has contributed to a better understanding of the flow of production and scientific practices since the beginning of the 21st century. This study also examined research tendencies to identify the emergent areas of this field.

Factors and maturity level of entrepreneurial universities in Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nekane Errasti ◽  
María-José Bezanilla ◽  
Ana García-Olalla ◽  
Elena Auzmendi ◽  
Jessica Paños
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Type ◽  
Spanish Universities

Purpose The entrepreneurial university is being widely studied, given its importance as an agent in economic and social development. This paper presents the findings of a study that had a twofold objective. First, it sought to establish a model of maturity for the measurement of the level of academic entrepreneurship in universities. Second, it aimed to apply this maturity model to a sufficiently wide and varied sample of faculties to discover their current level of academic entrepreneurship, as well as their differences by area of knowledge, type of university and autonomous region in Spain. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was designed with items grouped into 14 blocks that defined the entrepreneurial university according to the model previously developed. The questionnaire was answered by 84 deans/directors belonging to different faculties/universities from six Spanish regions. Findings The findings showed that the Spanish universities stand out in four areas: internationalisation, use of active methodologies, mission and strategy and management team support. However, the legal and administrative context, the funds for entrepreneurship and the training of staff in entrepreneurship are not sufficiently developed. Significant differences were observed between regions but not by type of university or area of knowledge. Originality/value The results provide an innovative model that explains the factors that define the entrepreneurial university, as well as guidelines for universities to move forward in developing stages.

Students' perception of learning from entrepreneurship education programs and entrepreneurial intention in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lopez ◽  
Claudia Alvarez ◽  
Izaias Martins ◽  
Juan P. Perez ◽  
Juan Pablo Románn-Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Latin American Countries

PurposeDrawing on entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention literature, this paper develops and tests a model that aims to explain the relationship between students' perception of learning from entrepreneurship education programs (EEP), the theory of planned behavior and entrepreneurial intention across Latin American countries.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses data from the Global University Entrepreneurship Spirit Student’s Survey (GUESSS) project 2018 for 11 Latin American countries. Structural equation modeling is used to validate the theoretical model; this offers advantages over traditional multivariate techniques in evaluating measurement errors, estimation of latent variables and specification of models.FindingsThe main results suggest that a positive perception of learning from EEP is related to the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, attitude toward entrepreneurial behavior and perceived behavior control positively influences entrepreneurial intention across Latin American undergraduate students. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of EEP in terms of the antecedents of the intention and, in addition, provide evidence to the theory of planned behavior from a large sample in an emerging region.Originality/valueThe theory of planned behavior is one of the most important theoretical frameworks to explain entrepreneurial intention. However, in Latin American countries, quality research is hindered by the lack of data and valid measures. Therefore, the paper adds value by looking at the perception of learning from EEP and its relationship with the antecedents of intention. Likewise, it validates the dimensions of the theory of planned behavior and its relationship to entrepreneurial intention, considering a broad sample of university students in Latin America.

The role of business incubators for start-ups development in Brazil and Portugal

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Margarida Cagica Carvalho ◽  
Simone Vasconcelos Galina
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
International Profile ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
First Time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a comparative study about features, services and networks offered by business incubators (BI) to encourage start-ups development in Portugal and Brazil. Recently, these countries have revealed several cases of well-developed entrepreneurial ecosystems and Brazil receive a special position on Latin America; besides comparative studies between European and Latin American countries are scarce. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a qualitative research methodology to study the role of BI in creation and growing of start-ups in Portugal and Brazil. Findings – The results do not reveal particular differences between Brazilian and Portuguese BI, except in international profile of tenants; in Portugal, probably due the market size, most of the firms born global or intend to internationalize. Research limitations/implications – The BI results depend on the wide services provided, networking platforms and support provided by BI staff individually to their tenants. These remarks provide some clues to develop public policies suitable to entrepreneurial ecosystems. Originality/value – BI have a special role on supporting start-ups creation and growth and to provide technology transfer. They are also considered as a key element to guarantee entrepreneurial ecosystems in a regional level, this research provide some contributes based on a case study with eight interviews in Portugal and Brazil, and compare for the first time these two countries with similar culture but with different levels of development.

scholarly journals Experiential Entrepreneurship Education and the student-focused Entrepreneurial University

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Morland ◽  
Jonathan Matthew Scott ◽  
John L. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The University

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the provision and reported outcomes of Experiential Entrepreneurship Education (EEE), from learner, educator and university perspectives, in order to reflect upon the progress of the Entrepreneurial University. It proposes a conceptual framework for integrating the multiple stakeholder perspectives for an “education led” and student-focused Entrepreneurial University, something yet to be identified from existing research and, consequentially, future research.Design/methodology/approachA reflective literature review explores the depth and breadth of EEE provision in Universities, noting: what is taking place, who is involved, where EEE is situated (within the university context), and how the knowledge base is informed. From these reflections, a conceptual framework is proposed as a means of exploring and categorizing progress towards a student-focused Entrepreneurial University through education experiences.FindingsThe literature review is largely informed by case studies developed by educators reflecting on student learner experiences for the purpose of course enhancement. These case exemplars provide the resource for emergent, bottom-up strategy that could support the Entrepreneurial University. However, the role of the University is less researched, in terms of providing context and external strategic relationships to resource EEE and deliver a more planned approach to the Entrepreneurial University. The Entrepreneurial University and EEE are mainstream agendas and the development of both must consider the role and contribution of the University in terms of strategy formulation and implementation.Originality/valueThis study takes a holistic view, seeing EEE and the Entrepreneurial University as connected agendas. The student-focused Entrepreneurial University cannot result from emergent, bottom-up strategy alone and thus there is a need to address the role of top-down resource-based University strategy in creating real progress. The paper provides a conceptualization, for the purpose of analysing and informing the relationship between EEE and the Entrepreneurial University that places the University as a key stakeholder, and in doing so asks that scholars and educators build the knowledge base not only from cases of good practice but also from the review of strategic management within Universities.

Rethinking the university system: toward the entrepreneurial university (the case of Italy)

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Vesperi ◽  
Ineza Gagnidze
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
University System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The University

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate contemporary changes in the education system. In particular, an analysis of the mechanisms of coordination and communication involved in the process can show how different geographical factors with different relational mechanisms may contribute to the creation of a new academic entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose a methodology with two-step approach. In the first part of the paper, they use a theoretical approach to carry out a longitudinal study of academic literature on the topics of “entrepreneurial university,” “academic entrepreneurship” and “spin-off organizations.” In the second part, they use cross-database analysis to theorize the main aspects of recent developments in higher education in Italy. To this end, the authors use three public and open-access databases on spin-offs, universities and higher education institutions and incubators in Italy. Findings First, issues relating to the formation and best practices of entrepreneurial universities are discussed, based on the works of researchers from 25 countries. Second, a hypothesis is put forward to suggest that the organizational model of entrepreneurial university affects microeconomic competitiveness. Third, a case study of Italian spin-off organizations suggests that the number of incubators and spin-offs, and the type of academic knowledge, all directly affect the entrepreneurial university. Originality/value This paper aims to examine the role of the university in the modern economic system. The originality of this investigation lies in its ability to offer a picture and first analysis of the main actors and of the entrepreneurial university system.

scholarly journals Educator challenges in the development and delivery of constructivist active and experiential entrepreneurship classrooms in Chinese vocational higher education

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Bell ◽  
Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Student Reaction ◽  
Vocational Higher Education ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Vocational Colleges ◽  
Education In China

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceived challenges that Chinese vocational college educators face in developing and delivering constructivist active and experiential entrepreneurship education.Design/methodology/approachQualitative data were collected from 24 focus groups of educators who had been tasked with embedding constructivist entrepreneurship education into their teaching and curriculum, at four different vocational colleges situated in four different provinces in China. The data were coded and analysed for emerging themes using a process of bottom-up thematic analysis.FindingsA range of concerns were identified from the focus groups and these could be divided into five main challenges, which were the role of the educator in the constructivist learning process and their ability to control the process; the educators perceived student reaction to the process and their engagement with it; the time and technology required to deliver the process; the link between the learning and industry; and the educators’ perception of the requirements to meet internal expectations.Research limitations/implicationsThis research explores the educators’ perceptions of the challenges they face in developing and delivering active and experiential constructivist entrepreneurship education. Whilst these concerns may impact how the educators’ approach the task, these concerns are only perceived, as the educators’ have not yet implemented the introduction of constructivist entrepreneurship education when other challenges may become evident.Originality/valueEncouragement by the Chinese Government to develop and deliver constructivist active and experiential entrepreneurship education has resulted in a number of tensions and challenges. Entrepreneurship education in China is still relatively young and under researched and this research contributes to the literature by exploring the challenges that educators face in developing and delivering constructivist entrepreneurship education in Chinese vocational colleges.

Evaluating impact of entrepreneurship education programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 781-796
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Khatereh Daneshjoovash ◽  
Mirza Hassan Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Applied Science ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of Entrepreneurship Education Programs (EEPs) from students’ and educators’ viewpoint to improve the quality of EEPs. Design/methodology/approach This research applies a qualitative-quantitative methodology. Its sample is included 291 students were selected randomly and 35 educators were chosen by convenience technique from universities of Applied Science and Technology of Iran. Findings The results revealed that essence of EEPs had a positive direct effect on objectives and content of EEPs; objectives and content of EEPs had a positive direct effect on methods of EEPs; essence of EEPs had a positive direct effect on impact of EEPs; and essence of EEPs had a positive indirect effect on methods through objectives and content based on students’ and educators’ perspective. Moreover, as opposed to educators’, students believed that methods of EEPs have not a positive direct effect on impact, while educators were opponent to students approach about the positive direct effect of essence of EEPs on methods. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to Applied Science and Technology universities were selected by convenience sampling method. Similar studies in other universities are needed to be conducted by simple random sampling to evaluate EEPs. Practical implications The study recommends policy-makers to be aware of students’ needs of EEPs’ methods, as well inform educators about effective and initiative methods. Originality/value Evaluating impact of EEPs based on demand and supply-side viewpoint is the first study conducted in Applied Science and Technology universities of Iran.

Job flexibility and job satisfaction among Mexican professionals: a socio-cultural explanation

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Baeza ◽  
Jorge A. Gonzalez ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Women Employees ◽  
Mexican Society ◽  
Job Flexibility ◽  
Cultural Explanation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Latin American Countries

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study how job flexibility influences job satisfaction among Mexican professionals, and focus on the role of key socio-cultural moderators relevant to Mexican society. Design/methodology/approach The paper explore how this relationship may be more important for women, employees with dependents such as children and elder parents and younger generations of professionals (e.g. Millennials). Findings The authors find that job flexibility is positively related to job satisfaction. This relationship is stronger for employees without dependents, as well as for younger generations of professionals (e.g. Millennials). Surprisingly, the relationship between job flexibility and job satisfaction does not differ by gender. The findings explain why job flexibility is more conductive to job satisfaction for employees without dependents, who tend to belong to younger generations. Originality/value Overall, the findings present important implications for managing job flexibility in Mexico and other Latin American countries, particularly for younger professionals.

scholarly journals Expatriates' salary expectations, age, experience and country image

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Duarte ◽  
Umberto de Eccher ◽  
Chris Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Country Image ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Salary Expectations

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain how candidates' expectations of salary in relation to job offers as expatriates in developing societies are related to country image and to age.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from over 500 engineers living in France, Portugal and Spain, evaluating two hypothetical expatriate proposals to six different African and Latin American countries. Multivariate hierarchical regression was applied to statistically detect significant predictors, with a broad range of control variables, to investigate expatriate salary expectations.FindingsResults evidence the role of age, seniority, previous international experience and culture attraction for the host country in influencing salary expectations for potential expatriate postings. These results are discussed at the light of selection, optimisation and compensation theory (SOC), conservation of resources theory (COR) and social identity theory.Practical implicationsFindings call for multinational companies to consider age, individual background, career attributes and location concerns when evaluating salary expectations involved in expatriation to developing countries.Originality/valueThe study shows how individual expectations about required salaries for accepting expatriate job offers in developing countries (hardly addressed in the extant literature) result from the potential for professional development opportunities and the responsibility of the jobs being offered, the country image, and the age and motivation of the individuals. Furthermore, it integrates research through use of SOC and COR theories.

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