A cultural integration path for cross-border mergers and acquisitions from the perspective of acculturation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Cui ◽  
Crystal Dong ◽  
Yuekun Liu ◽  
Shujuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Integration Path ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Home Appliance ◽  
Ibm Pc

Purpose An increasing number of Chinese enterprises are involved in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). However, few Chinese enterprises have achieved successful integration, which plays a critical role in enhancing performance. The important field of cultural integration is currently facing major challenges. To identify the reasons for these challenges, studies have analyzed why cultural integration succeeds or fails and have suggested that cultural differences between acquiring and acquired enterprises are the primary obstacles to cultural integration. However, it is unclear how success can be achieved. The paper aims to focus on cultural integration from the perspective of acculturation to describe the penetration of cultural elements in M&As. Design/methodology/approach In adopting acculturation as our theoretical lens, the authors use the case study method to answer the following research question: “how can the cultural integration of Chinese enterprises be successfully achieved?” Two typical cases are examined: Lenovo’s cultural integration with IBM’s personal computer (PC) division and Haier’s cultural integration with Sanyo home appliance. First, using the exploratory case study method, the Lenovo–IBM PC division case is analyzed. The characteristics and relationships between cultural environments, employee adoption methods and acculturation patterns are summarized to reveal a cultural integration path. Second, the Haier–Sanyo home appliance case is analyzed using the confirmative case study method to test the findings of the Lenovo–IBM PC division case. Findings The results indicate that it is critical to achieve a dynamic fit between cultural environments, employee adoption methods and acculturation patterns during each stage of cultural integration (exploration, experimentation, reinforcement and fixing). The three constructs of these stages reflect the following evolutionary paths: “isolate-introduce-learning-chance taking”, “detecting-icebreaking-interacting-remodeling” and “specialized sections-senior managers-managers-employees”. Originality/value These findings contribute to the development of cultural integration and acculturation theories and serve as a reference for Chinese enterprises wishing to implement cultural integration strategies.

scholarly journals Antecedents of marketing integration in cross-border mergers and acquisitions

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf R. Sinkovics ◽  
Noemi Sinkovics ◽  
Yong Kyu Lew ◽  
Mohd Haniff Jedin ◽  
Stefan Zagelmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Marketing Resources ◽  
Resource Combination

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine operational-level implementation issues regarding mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in general, and resource combination and integration at the functional marketing level in particular. Design/methodology/approach – The paper introduces four factors (i.e. collaboration, interaction, marketing synergy, and the realignment of marketing resources) that support successful M&A marketing integration and enhance overall M&A performance. Findings – The results indicate that marketing synergy and the realignment of marketing resources contribute significantly to the extent of integration. At the same time, the authors find a significant but negative relationship between the interaction dimension and the speed of integration. Originality/value – The cultural integration of firms that feature different management styles and organizational cultures has been recognized as a particularly challenging aspect of cross-border M&As. This study explains factors that contribute to effective marketing integration in M&As.

Networks and alliances – business schools’ answer to mergers and acquisitions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-795
Author(s):  
Kevin Pon ◽  
Anne-Laure Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Business Schools ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Education Market

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the state of French medium sized business schools in the Grandes Ecole sector of education and how networks and alliances help business schools survive in an ever-changing and global environment. Design/methodology/approach The material for empirical research for this paper was gathered by using a case study method of four small to medium sized provincial Institutions of Management Education in France. Findings The paper demonstrates that all of the business schools studied rely on networks and alliances to face globalisation and internationalise their strategy and seems to follow the three typologies of mergers and acquisitions set down by Napier (1989): extension mergers, collaborative mergers and redesign mergers. At present, the networks and alliances are used on a marginal or peripheral way by networking only a part of the institution at one time. Research limitations/implications Further research at a later date needs to be carried out in order to observe if the pattern will remain or if there may be networks which will start from the core of the institution since the organisations will in the future have more of an international or global culture. Originality/value The value of this paper is to demonstrate that medium-sized business schools can compensate their limited resources and compete in the global education market. Alliances and networks appear as key ways in achieving goals of sustainability and survival.

Critical success factors in Chinese cross-border mergers and acquisitions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Herbert Werle ◽  
Roger Moser
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Chinese Companies ◽  
Key Dimensions

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the critical success factors (CSFs) in Chinese cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) to improve the odds of Chinese overseas acquisition success.Design/methodology/approachFor the multidisciplinary analysis purpose, a SCOPE model is developed to integrate the five key dimensions of Strategic (S), Cultural (C), Organizational (O), Process (P) and External (E) CSFs. Because of the exploratory nature of the research, a case study approach has been applied.FindingsBased on the two in-depth case studies of Lenovo’s acquisition of Medion and Sany’s acquisition of Putzmeister in Germany, eight CSFs along the five key dimensions have been identified. Apart from the identified CSFs, the two other factors of robust due diligence and M&A project organizational structure fit are worthy of noting.Research limitations/implicationsThe first limitation relates to the weaknesses of case study research method. The findings derived from the two selected M&A cases cannot be generalized to all the contexts of Chinese cross-border M&As. The second limitation relates to the subjective nature of judgments made by the participants in our empirical study. The identified CSFs were based on the perceptions of the interviewed managers.Practical implicationsThe research is of high practical importance for Chinese companies doing or considering cross-border M&As. The CSFs identified in this research can direct managerial priorities toward those few areas which should receive careful attention and control to achieve the M&A success.Originality/valueNo much empirical research has addressed Chinese cross-border M&As from a CSF perspective. This research helps to fill this research gap and provides new insights for the Chinese companies to increase the success rate in their cross-border M&A projects.

A case study of the HNA group cross-border M&A strategy

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Ying Xiao ◽  
Mark Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
International Strategy ◽  
International Capital ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Merger And Acquisitions

Purpose The purpose of this article is to outline the reasons for the success of the Chinese HNA Group in the development of its international strategy. Design/methodology/approach The article adopts a critical single case study method approach. Findings The HNA Group has been highly successful using cross-border merger and acquisitions (M&As) as a platform for growth. However, Chinese companies are facing more difficulties compared to their international competitors in cross border M&A deals and are paying a higher premium for that. Even HNA Group, a veteran player in the international capital market, may not be exempted from the skeptics toward China money. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

A little help from my friends: how purchasing gains influence in complex business-to-business services: the case of legal

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy L. Tate ◽  
Lisa M. Ellram ◽  
Ulrich Schmelzle
Keyword(s):  
Supplier Management ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Business Service ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Service Procurement ◽  
Business To Business

Purpose The purpose of this research is to develop an understanding of how purchasing can become meaningfully involved in complex business-to-business service purchases. Design/methodology/approach A single in-depth case study method of an exemplar organization was applied to better understand the purchasing function’s role in adding to the value proposition in complex, non-traditional business-to-business service purchases. Findings Powerful allies or advocates can mediate purchasing involvement in service procurement. However, once the involvement is initiated, purchasing must make a positive contribution with respect to the specific needs and expectations of the budget owner to retain its influence. Research limitations/implications This research extends institutional theory to show how powerful allies or advocates can mediate purchasing involvement in the complex services spend. Practical implications This study describes the potential impact of purchasing’s involvement in complex services spend and highlights the opportunities for purchasing managers to improve supplier management and drive out additional costs. Originality/value For the business practitioner, this research provides evidence regarding how individual functions can gain influence in the organization. A conceptual model describes the meaningful involvement of purchasing in complex business-to-business service purchases.

Diagnosing recurrent logistics problems: a combined SCM disciplines and maturity perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmen S. Wijbenga ◽  
Paul C. van Fenema ◽  
Nynke Faber
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of the study is to diagnose recurrent logistics problems in a public organization’s network of logistics entities, determining the maturity level of each supply chain (SC) function, and trying to link problems within the SC functions to the maturity level by using the case study method. Design/methodology/approach Extant research on supply chain management (SCM) maturity is combined with notions of SC flows and disciplines. The resulting SCM Disciplines Maturity model comprises multiple diagnostic steps. It is illustrated by means of a developmental case study at a large public organization facing recurrent logistics problems in routine processes. Findings The model is shown to be a useful instrument to obtain insight into linkages between recurrent logistics problems and the way an SCM organization harbors multiple SCM disciplines. Originality/value The paper examines recurrent logistics problems in relation to SCM maturity, a relatively unknown research subject. It shows how SCM maturity thinking can support the diagnosis of recurrent problems. In a rapidly changing world, it enables further research on diagnosis as a dynamic capability.

How would you like your Turkish coffee? Tourist experiences of Turkish coffee houses in Istanbul

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Yiğit ◽  
Nilüfer Şahin Perçin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Culture Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Place Satisfaction

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the experiences of tourists in the Turkish coffee houses in Istanbul, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a qualitative case study method was used to analyze tourists’ comments with user-generated content technique by analyzing tourists’ comments. The data used in the study was collected through TripAdvisor, which is considered one of the most famous websites with tourist reviews and comments, between 20 May and 10 June 2020 from tourists’ reviews (n:219). Findings The findings show that Turkish coffee house experiences are heterogeneous based on the dimensions of coffee characteristics, place, satisfaction, recommendation and revisit intention, value/price and value-added experience. Moreover, value-added experience includes some sub-themes such as a memorable experience, authentic experience and culture learning experience. Originality/value There are some studies on Turkish coffee and Turkish coffee culture in the literature, but there have been no empirical studies investigating the Turkish coffee house experiences of tourists. For this reason, this study aims to examine and understand the experiences of tourists in Turkish coffee houses. Therefore, it is believed that this study will fill the current gap in the literature on tourists’ experiences of Turkish coffee houses.

The use of performance information in local government mergers

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Kenk ◽  
Toomas Haldma
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Eastern European Country ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Using Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study more deeply the use of performance information (PI) in the context of the administrative-territorial reform, e.g. amalgamation in the local governments (LG) with an example of Estonian LGs. Design/methodology/approach The case study method is adopted, using data from publicly available documents and interviews with the politicians and officials at the five merger cases of Estonian LG units. The data are interpreted and analysed using attribution theory. Findings The results show that amalgamation patterns do have an influence on PI use – in particular, the authors see that PI is reported to be used more frequently in cases of voluntary mergers, which may be related to the different motivations to make attributions in cases of voluntary and compulsory mergers. Originality/value The study contributes to the debate on the importance and usefulness of different types of PI, as financial as well as non-financial information and for different information users in the light of LG reform in Estonia as being a Central and Eastern European country.

Overcoming trade logistics challenges: Asia-Pacific experiences

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Shepherd ◽  
Shintaro Hamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Case Method ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify major challenges that Asia-Pacific policy makers face in drawing up international logistics policies, and to seek possible solutions to the problems. Design/methodology/approach – Case study method: the paper includes seven case studies that attempt to address various types of logistics challenges. The paper introduces both intra- and extra-regional examples of the ways in which those challenges have been overcome in particular contexts through concerted action by government and the private sector. Findings – There are a lot of interesting experiences of overcoming logistics challenges, both inside and outside the Asia-Pacific region. Good practice experiences can be replicated by other countries in the region. Originality/value – While there have been a lot of discussions on logistics policy reforms, this paper is one of the first attempts that clearly link challenges with concrete case experiences where those are overcome. The paper discusses very practical issues in an analytically sound manner, using case method.

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