Global dairy market will be depressed through 2015

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Export Supply ◽  
Dairy Market ◽  
Food Imports

Subject Outlook for the global dairy products market. Significance Increased production by dairy exporters in late 2013 and early 2014 eroded prices of dairy products traded on international markets, mostly butter, cheese and milk powders. This decline accelerated from mid-2014 due to reduced Chinese imports and Russia's embargo on food imports from several dairy exporters; the two countries together account for 22% of global dairy imports. Prices for internationally traded dairy products have fallen by more than 45% since mid-2014 as export supply, though scaled back, still outstrips demand. Impacts Rising Chinese dairy output over the longer run could fundamentally alter the global market. Dairy prices could remain subdued beyond 2016 if global oil prices do not rise. Russian embargo will hit EU dairy exporters, but falling production costs will boost their competitiveness.

Kuwait energy sector expansion will hit obstacles

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Crude Oil Production

Subject Prospects for Kuwait's energy sector expansion Significance Despite falling revenue because of the slump in global oil prices Kuwait is embarking on two ambitious energy ventures: constructing what will be the region's largest new oil refinery and increasing crude oil production capacity by more than 1 million barrels per day (b/d) by 2020. Impacts Increased oil output capacity will bolster Kuwait' s effort to retain market share in an over-supplied global market. Kuwait is emulating Saudi Arabia in integrating its refining and petrochemical sectors, though diversification will lag. Kuwait will incur Saudi displeasure by developing closer ties with post-sanctions Iran, a possible supplier of new natural gas supplies.

An interview with Romira Young: opportunities and challenges for local small business owners in the tourism and hospitality industries in time of disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Bledsoe-Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

Purpose The purpose of this interview aims to offer a means to better understand tourism as it relates to small businesses within a global network. Design/methodology/approach A semi-structured interview was used. Findings The key findings are in line with Masco’s (2017) research that asserts “change can be selective and/or optional for the tourism stakeholders (e.g. tourists, operators, destination organizations, policymakers, local communities, employees), the nature and degree of crises-led transformations depend on whether and how these stakeholders are affected by, respond to, recover and reflect on crises”, particularly small minority-owned tourist companies. Practical implications This interview provides a lens to better understand how small businesses operate within the global market and remain at the cornerstone for sustaining domestic and international markets. Originality/value This study highlights small minority-owned business and their ability to become resilient. This interview illustrated that grounded small businesses, while implored with challenges from natural disasters, also have the resiliency to overcome such challenges when the agency has the ability to provide “turn-key” services for their clients thereby providing clients a sense of agency and value-laden experiences via personalization of services.

Sales growth or employment growth? Exporting conundrum for new ventures

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Chen ◽  
Peijie Ni ◽  
Torger Reve ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Ren Lu
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects

Purpose Previous studies primarily focus on how to achieve better performance in the international markets, but few centers on whether internationalization is a promising strategy for new ventures’ growth and development. Based on two pioneering frameworks Conservative, Predictable, and Pacemaker (CPP) model and the 7-P model, this paper fills this gap by analyzing how exporting exert heterogeneous effects on two types of growth, sales growth and employment growth. Accordingly, this paper aims to favor market-oriented new ventures to make a strategy on expanding international markets. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on firm-level data from the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database. The year 2005 was used as the shock year. By conducting the propensity score matching method, 793 couples of matched new ventures were collected with sales growth and 686 couples with employment growth. The difference-in-differences method was applied to analyze the various influences that exporting has on new ventures’ sales growth and employment growth. Findings The main finding of this paper is that new ventures that exported can achieve better sales growth than their counterparts that only operated domestically, whereas new ventures that remain in the domestic market have no difference in employment growth from those that exported. Research limitations/implications This study shows that exporting is especially beneficial for market-seeking new ventures. Because the study is based on Chinese data, scholars of international business can conduct further research on other countries with different economic structures. Originality/value Theoretically, this paper contributes to both international business theory and entrepreneurship theory by combining the CPP model and the 7-P model. Practically, this paper shows that exports mainly benefit the sales growth of new ventures. This suggests that business practitioners should consider their growth goals before they choose to enter the global market.

Low oil prices will give South Korea a timely boost

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Dramatic Fall ◽  
Lower Production

Subject Effects of low oil prices on South Korea. Significance South Korea is the world's fifth-largest oil importer, just after Germany, and imports virtually all the oil it uses. The dramatic fall in oil prices to around 50 dollars per barrel will give a timely boost to the country's economy, which weakened in the final quarter of 2014 with growth of just 0.4%, the slowest in two years. Annual growth in 2014 of 3.3% improved upon 2013's 3.0%, but fell short of the finance ministry's 3.8% forecast. Impacts Improved economic performance will reduce dependence on the chaebol and strengthen the government's hand in structural reform efforts. A sustained period of low oil prices may lead to monetary policy remaining overly accommodative for too long. Export-dependent South Korea still relies on developed-world demand -- something low oil prices may help to revive. With the won weak, lower production costs will allow exporters to cut prices to compete overseas.

EU is unlikely to change course on Russia sanctions

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Food Imports ◽  
The Eu

Significance The sanctions, reviewed on a semi-annual basis, have now been extended until January 2018, despite speculation about divisions within the EU. This comes after the US Treasury imposed new sanctions on 38 individuals, companies and organisations on June 20. Impacts Russia is likely to continue efforts to sow divisions within the EU and between the EU and the United States. Future oil prices will shape Russia’s ability to weather sanctions. Russia may raise capital through bond sales and by turning to Asian investors, although this may not fully offset the effects of sanctions. Russia’s counter-sanctions -- a ban on food imports from the EU -- have led to some successful agricultural import substitution.

Serving sizes and energy values on the nutrition labels of regular and diet/light processed and ultra-processed dairy products sold in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 1579-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Pereira Machado ◽  
Mariana Vieira dos Santos Kraemer ◽  
Nathalie Kliemann ◽  
Cláudia Flemming Colussi ◽  
Marcela Boro Veiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Nutrition Labels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Size Information ◽  
Nutrition Labelling ◽  
Serving Sizes ◽  
Serving Size

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse and compare the serving sizes and energy values reported on the nutrition information of all processed and ultra-processed dairy products in their regular and diet/light versions available for sale in a large supermarket in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach – A check was done for associations between the compliance of reported serving sizes, energy values per serving and energy density for regular foods and foods advertised at “diet/light” (with reduced fat and calories). Findings – The data included information from 451 dairy product labels. Most of the products had serving sizes smaller than the reference set by Brazilian law. A high variability of serving sizes was found for similar products. “Diet/light” foods tend to report serving sizes that are even smaller and more inadequate. Moreover, the energy density of these products was similar to that of the regular foods. Smaller serving sizes may be being presented on “diet/light” foods in order to report lower energy values and on similar foods to show non-existent differences in energy values. These results point to the importance of standardizing serving size information on food labels so that consumers have access to clear and accurate information about food products. Originality/value – This was the first census-type study to analyse the serving size information of dairy products at a supermarket of one of the ten largest supermarket chains in Brazil. This work extends the scope of current food labelling and contributes to the discussion about how nutrition labelling has been presented to Brazilian consumers and its possible consequences for food choices and the guarantee of consumer rights.

The dynamics of regional and global expansion

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Geisler Asmussen ◽  
Bo Bernhard Nielsen ◽  
Tom Osegowitsch ◽  
Andre Sammartino
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Global Space ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to model and test the dynamics of home-regional and global penetration by multi-national enterprises (MNEs). Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on international business (IB) theory, the authors model MNEs adjusting their home-regional and global market presence over time. The authors test the resulting hypotheses using sales data from a sample of 220 of the world’s largest MNEs over the period 1995-2005. The authors focus specifically on the relationship between levels of market penetration inside and outside the home region and rates of change in each domain. Findings – The authors demonstrate that MNEs do penetrate both home-regional and global markets, often simultaneously, and that penetration levels often oscillate within an MNE over time. The authors show firms’ rates of regional and global expansion to be affected by their existing regional and global penetration, as well as their interplay. Finally, the authors identify differences in the steady states at which firms stabilize their penetration levels in the home-regional and the global space. The findings broadly confirm the MNE as an interdependent portfolio with important regional demarcations. Originality/value – The authors identify complex interdependencies between home-regional and global penetration and growth, paving the way for further studies of the impact of regions on MNE expansion.

Tool workspace consideration for assembly plan generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-625
Author(s):  
Akram Bedeoui ◽  
Riadh Ben Hadj ◽  
Moncef Hammadi ◽  
Nizar Aifaoui
Keyword(s):  
Collision Detection ◽  
New Product ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Assembly Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plan Generation ◽  
Assembly Sequences ◽  
Dynamic Interference ◽  
Time Decrease

Purpose During the design of a new product, the generation of assembly sequences plans (ASPs) has become one of the most important problems taken into account by researchers. In fact, a good mounting order allows the time decrease of the assembly process which leads to the reduction of production costs. In this context, researchers developed several methods to generate and optimize ASP based on various criteria. Although this paper aims to improve the quality of ASP it is necessary to increase the number of criteria which must be taken into account when generating ASPs. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an ASP generation approach, which is based on three main algorithms, is proposed. The first one generates a set of assembly sequences based on stability criteria. The obtained results are treated by the second algorithm which is based on assembly tools (ATs) workspace criterion. An illustrative example is used to explain the different steps of this proposed approach. Moreover, a comparative study is done to highlight its advantages. Findings The proposed algorithm verifies, for each assembly sequence, the minimal required workspace of used AT and eliminates the ASPs non-respecting this criterion. Finally, the remaining assembly sequences are treated by the third algorithm to reduce the AT change during the mounting operation. Originality/value The proposed approach introduces the concept of AT workspace to simulate and select ASPs that respect this criterion. The dynamic interference process allows the eventual collision detection between tool and component and avoids it. The proposed approach reduces the AT change during the mounting operations.

How can mixed integer linear programming assist dairy manufacturers by integrating supply decisions and production planning?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-193
Author(s):  
Juliana Emidio ◽  
Rafael Lima ◽  
Camila Leal ◽  
Grasiele Madrona
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
By Products

PurposeThe dairy industry needs to make important decisions regarding its supply chain. In a context with many available suppliers, deciding which of them will be part of the supply chain and deciding when to buy raw milk is key to the supply chain performance. This study aims to propose a mathematical model to support milk supply decisions. In addition to determining which producers should be chosen as suppliers, the model decides on a milk pickup schedule over a planning horizon. The model addresses production decisions, inventory, setup and the use of by-products generated in the raw milk processing.Design/methodology/approachThe model was formulated using mixed integer linear programming, tested with randomly generated instances of various sizes and solved using the Gurobi Solver. Instances were generated using parameters obtained from a company that manufactures dairy products to test the model in a more realistic scenario.FindingsThe results show that the proposed model can be solved with real-world sized instances in short computational times and yielding high quality results. Hence, companies can adopt this model to reduce transportation, production and inventory costs by supporting decision making throughout their supply chains.Originality/valueThe novelty of the proposed model stems from the ability to integrate milk pickup and production planning of dairy products, thus being more comprehensive than the models currently available in the literature. Additionally, the model also considers by-products, which can be used as inputs for other products.

Comprehending a knowledge framework as a source of dynamic capabilities in IJVs through PLS-SEM

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavi Kapoor ◽  
Vijita Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
International Joint Ventures ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This study aims to investigate the relationship among knowledge transfer enablers, knowledge transfer process, absorptive capacity and innovation performance in the context of Indian international joint ventures (IJVs). These elements are woven with the thread of dynamic capabilities theory (DCT) into an integrated framework. Design/methodology/approach Data analysis is conducted on a quantitative survey of 196 IJVs with partial least squares structural equation modeling as the statistical technique. Findings Co-learning strategy, collaborative trust culture, information technology-based resources and systems and organizational structural design are found to be significant knowledge transfer enablers. Absorptive capacity has a complementary partial mediation effect on the positive relationship between knowledge transfer and innovation performance of Indian IJVs. Research limitations/implications The study has pioneered in explicating the criticality of IJV’s internal dynamics to cope with the global market dynamism in a much needed Indian context. Practitioners must focus on building dynamic capabilities in IJVs to make them sustainably competitive, as proposed and evaluated by this study. Further, IJV managers need to strategize their resources, routines and structure dynamically to foster knowledge transfer and innovativeness. Originality/value The comprehensive model on DCT offered by this study is rare to match in literature with a completely new context, which is the need of the hour.

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