UK voters will ignore budget and elect hung parliament

Significance The budget will prove to be all but the last political event before the final campaign and the May 7 general election. Although the detail had to be determined in cooperation with the Liberal Democrats, Osborne's package was an unashamed pitch for a Conservative term of office. The crucial contest at the election will be the government's claim to have delivered on economic recovery and deficit reduction over the past five years, versus the Labour Party's assertion that its own preferred route to budgetary stability is better balanced and more socially acceptable. Impacts The link, if any, between the economy and politics is uncertain: the Conservatives won in 1992 (recession) but lost in 1997 (boom). The United Kingdom has experienced a 'voteless recovery' -- a huge move from pessimism to optimism, with no benefit for the Conservatives. Benign international economic conditions (notably the sharp fall in global oil prices) have boosted growth for 2015. This shift could be easily reversed if oil prices were to return to 2012-14 levels. Assumptions that the 'age of austerity' is over and the budget will achieve balance in the next parliament are very premature.

Significance In addition to addressing the social and economic impacts of COVID-19, Angela Merkel, who has provided stable leadership in Germany and the EU over the past 15 years, will depart the scene. Meanwhile, the United Kingdom will no longer abide by EU rules and regulations from January 1.


Subject US airlines' Q2 2016 earnings. Significance Following several years of profitability after decades of losses, the US airline industry could be returning to old ways, with lower-than-expected second-quarter earnings for this year. Although the major carriers are showing some discipline in not increasing capacity to maintain market share, financial yields per passenger are down, an indication of emerging problems for the sector. Impacts Early hedging of fuel prices is likely to stave off shorter-term pressures on airlines should oil prices rise. The retirement of an older generation of pilots will enable carriers to reduce labour costs with new hires. Brexit will pose a number of regulatory uncertainties for US airlines' transatlantic flights to the United Kingdom.


Subject Turkey’s failure to attract and retain FDI. Significance Turkey has long failed to match its peers in attracting outside investment, which peaked in 2007; there is no sign of any return to that level. More worryingly, in the past two years, a number of high-profile investors have announced plans to leave. Other investors are privately expressing growing concern at seizures of companies and assets belonging to people alleged to be connected to the July 2016 failed coup, and at the strength of government anti-Western rhetoric. Impacts The level of FDI in manufacturing and business operations is likely to remain stagnant. Investors will be wary of committing to a country where they are unsure of their welcome over the long term. Political uncertainties in the United Kingdom, France, Germany and over the direction of US policy will affect Turkey’s main sources of FDI.


Subject The impact of Brexit on airlines. Significance Irish-based low-cost carrier (LCC) Ryanair has repeatedly warned over the past months that Brexit could halt the majority of flights out of the United Kingdom. These comments echo wider concerns about the disruptive effect of Brexit and the United Kingdom's ability to negotiate new air transport agreements. Impacts Larger European airlines such as Air France-KLM and Lufthansa would welcome restrictions on UK-based LCC operations. UK airport expansion may be frustrated; in particular, expansion plans at London Heathrow could come under threat. The UK air transport market faces a period of slower growth with lower revenues and profitability.


Subject Prospects for the EU to end-2017. Significance At the start of this year, the EU was confronted by four crises: Brexit, the migration crisis, the euro-area crisis and democratic backsliding in Hungary and Poland. Six months on, Eurosceptic populists have experienced major setbacks, economic conditions have improved, Brexit is viewed as a shambles for the United Kingdom and the EU appears poised to confront its remaining challenges from a position of greater strength.


2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-910
Author(s):  
Robert E. Goodin ◽  
James Mahmud Rice

Judging from Gallup Polls in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, opinion often changes during an election campaign. Come election day itself, however, opinion often reverts back nearer to where it was before the campaign began. That that happens even in Australia, where voting is compulsory and turnout is near-universal, suggests that differential turnout among those who have and have not been influenced by the campaign is not the whole story. Inspection of individual-level panel data from 1987 and 2005 British General Elections confirms that between 3 and 5 percent of voters switch voting intentions during the campaign, only to switch back toward their original intentions on election day. One explanation, we suggest, is that people become more responsible when stepping into the poll booth: when voting they reflect back on the government's whole time in office, rather than just responding (as when talking to pollsters) to the noise of the past few days' campaigning. Inspection of Gallup Polls for UK snap elections suggests that this effect is even stronger in elections that were in that sense unanticipated.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Rondoni ◽  
Elena Millan ◽  
Daniele Asioli

PurposePlant-based eggs have recently been developed to provide consumers with a healthier, animal-friendlier and more sustainable alternative to conventional eggs. The purpose of this paper is to investigate intrinsic and extrinsic attribute preferences for three prototypes of plant-based egg, namely the liquid, powder and egg-shaped.Design/methodology/approachNine focus groups in the United Kingdom and nine in Italy were conducted, with a total of 180 participants. A thematic analysis of results was conducted.FindingsIn terms of intrinsic product attributes, consumers' preferences for colour, shape, taste, ingredients, nutrients, method of production and shelf-life for plant-based eggs were revealed. Regarding the extrinsic attributes, preferences for price, packaging, country of origin and product naming emerged. Similarities and differences between consumers from the two countries are also discussed. Differences in preferences also emerged between vegan and non-vegan consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThis study adds to the existing knowledge on consumers' preferences for new plant-based food alternatives and identifies future quantitative approaches based on qualitative findings.Practical implicationsResults from this study can assist plant-based egg manufacturers in improving their products in line with consumers' expectations, which may help reducing risk of product failure.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate consumers' preferences, expectations and needs for new food products like plant-based eggs and provides information that can be practically applied by manufacturers, as well as suggestions for future research.


2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1, 2 & 3) ◽  
pp. 2008
Author(s):  
Carl F. Stychin

Over the past decade of Labour government in the United Kingdom (U.K.), the regulation of sexual orientation through law has frequently been explained by its supporters through a nar- rative of progress and even emancipation. The most recent junction in this journey came in 2007, with the coming into force of the Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations on 30 April 2007.1 These Regulations contain measures pro- hibiting discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation in the provision of goods, facilities and services, education, the use and disposal of premises, and the exercise of public functions.


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