Sudan faces internal pressures over ICC trials

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Type ◽  
Internal Pressures

Headline SUDAN: Government faces internal pressures over ICC

Nepal government may be facing internal pressures

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Type ◽  
Internal Pressures

Headline NEPAL: Government may be facing internal pressures

The impact of external pressures (gaiatsu) and internal pressures (naiatsu) on Japan's accounting reforms since the late 1990s

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-886
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Tsunogaya ◽  
Chris Patel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Business World ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe paper extends the literature by examining the impact of politics, conflicts and compromises resulting from external pressures (gaiatsu, 外圧) and internal pressures (naiatsu, 内圧) on the convergence and globalization of accounting and accountability in Japan.Design/methodology/approachUsing Japan as a case study, it is examined how and why the stimulus for significant accounting reforms arises, how the government manages and reacts to the powerful forces of gaiatsu and how it balances naiatsu among key stakeholders.FindingsThe ongoing changes in accounting regulations in Japan are neither the result of an unmediated response to gaiatsu nor the outcome of naiatsu. Rather, Japanese accounting changes are the consequence of complex external interactions and internal compromises. Specifically, Japan demonstrates a repetitive pattern of conflict management, which alters the domestic power balance based on naiatsu, and forces the Japanese government to make compromises to policy changes initiated by gaiatsu.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings have implications for the development of accounting and accountability, the globalized business world and international accounting research because they challenge claims made by global standards setters that international standards such as International Financial Reporting Standards are superior, are built on so-called “best practices” and are relevant to all countries.Originality/valueInvoking the concepts of gaiatsu and naiatsu is a critical approach to understanding Japan's convergence toward economic liberalism and Anglo-American models of accounting and accountability.

Evaluating customers’ behavioral intentions in less significant financial institutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Pauluzzo ◽  
Enrico Fioravante Geretto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repurchase Intentions ◽  
European Banking ◽  
Internal Pressures

Purpose External and internal pressures are undermining the traditional bond between less significant financial institutions (LSFIs) and their local markets. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of service quality (SQ), motivation, satisfaction, and perceived value on customers’ behavioral intentions (BI) in LSFIs. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual framework of the relationship, either direct or indirect, between SQ, basic motivational determinants in consumers’ bank selection, satisfaction, and repurchase intentions of the customers is developed. The framework is tested with data from a sample of 600 customers of LSFIs in Italy. The hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling techniques. Findings Consumers’ decision-making process is a complex path and a more holistic view of its determinants should be considered to face those weaknesses that negatively affect a balanced management of LSFIs in the future. Research limitations/implications The study is focused on a specific context, the Italian LSFIs’ sector, and the results from other countries or other banking sectors should be added before a generalization of the findings can be made. Practical implications The findings will be useful to policy makers and banks to improve strategies for enhancing customer satisfaction and purchase intentions in LSFIs. Adopting a simultaneous, holistic, and multivariate approach can also help LSFIs to better understand the main factors which are able to increase consumers’ purchase intentions. Originality/value This is the first study to examine customers’ BI in LSFIs even if they represent about 96 percent of the European banking industry.

Emerging challenges to greening of supply chains: an empirical study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Internal Stakeholders ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
Unorganized Sector

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the greening practices adopted by micro, small and medium enterprises in India and recommend an empirically tested and validated green supply chain management (GSCM) practices construct. The study also aims at measuring the influence of pressures created by external and internal stakeholders on the GSCM score.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a mixed-method approach. Qualitative methods, including literature review, expert opinion, focused group discussions and questionnaire-based surveys, were used for item generation and data collection. Quantitative methods included exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to find out the reasonable number of constructs to include in the scale of the GSCM practice, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to purify/confirm the scale, and finally, structural equation modelling (SEM) to select the best fit model and to test all causal relationships as portrayed in the base model. In the two-stage survey, convenience and purposive sampling methods were applied.FindingsThe study develops an empirically validated scale of GSCM practices, which has 6 dimensions and 16 items. This scale can measure the greening score of GSCM practices implementation. Further, findings confirm that the pressures from external and internal stakeholders are the significant forces for micro, small and medium enterprises to adopt GSCM practices. Finally, mediation function of external/internal pressures and green factors also does occur where GSCM is the mediator.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is an extension of available literature on GSCM practices utilizing the survey data from India. It contributes to the literature on micro, small and medium enterprises and GSCM practices implementation and expands the scope of theoretical applications.Practical implicationsFor the managers, it provides useful insights about innovative practices to become eco-efficient. The second-order of scale reveals that managers need to equally focus on all factors rather than on any single one. Less GSCM practices score indicates the dearth of external and internal pressures on micro, small and medium enterprises. Therefore, managers need to collaborate with local customers, overseas customers, competitors and legislative agencies. Besides, training of employees, literacy of employees and support from top management also emerge as critical measures that help the industry implement GSCM practices.Originality/valueGSCM as a topic had been extensively explored within different business areas and functions in the available literature. However, this study has some significant values. At prima facie, the study is the first that elucidates GSCM practices by incorporating the effects of pressures of different stakeholders in the context of Indian micro, small and medium enterprises which is considered as the most unorganized sector. Second, the proposed model of the study could provide useful direction for GSCM practices implementation in the unorganized sector in developing nations. Third, the study can also benefit academicians interested in the researched topic, organizations within different sectors and any other party interested in understanding more the concept of GSCM.

The adoption of green practices by Chinese firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yina Li ◽  
Fei Ye ◽  
Jing Dai ◽  
Xiande Zhao ◽  
Chwen Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Upper Echelons ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Practices ◽  
Internal Pressures

Purpose Despite touting the value of green practices, many firms struggle to respond appropriately to the diverse environmental issues. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the external and internal pressures interplay to influence top management championship, which, in turn, fosters the company’s green culture and the adoption of green practices. It thus helps to explain Chinese firms’ diversity with respect to the adoption of green practices. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual model is developed that summarizes the interplay of external and internal pressures, top management championship, green culture and the adoption of green practices. Data from 148 Chinese manufacturing firms were collected and a structural equation model was used for statistical analysis. Findings Government policy that provides incentives to adopt green practices and overseas customers’ green demand has significant positive influences on top management championship, while resources pressure has a significant negative effect. Government command and control policy, domestic customers’ green demand and organizational inertia do not impact top management championship. Furthermore, top management championship is positively correlated to both green culture and green practices, and green culture contributes to implementing green practices. Practical implications The findings help us understand which external and internal factors inspire or force top management to adopt green practices, and how they do so. Moreover, managers must also be aware of the bridging role of green culture. The findings will be valuable to policy makers in forming and enforcing “stick” or “carrot” environmental policies. Originality/value Leveraging a multi-theoretic approach, the authors’ research builds on insights from the institutional theory, natural resource-based view (NRBV) and upper echelons perspective, so as to increase the authors’ understanding on how firms adopt green practices to respond to environmental sustainability pressures. The institutional theory and the NRBV are leveraged in this study to recognize that firms perceive not only external institutional pressure for environmental management but also the internal pressure from resource constraints and capability to change. Upper echelons perspective is integrated into this study to explain the leadership role that top management serves in the management of the organization’s response to dynamic changes in the institutional environment and cultivate green culture within organization.

Erdogan may get little on Syria from Moscow trip

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Do So

Significance The atmosphere is certain to be tense. With the Turkish army unable to enter Manbij, the two sides will find it difficult to reach agreement. Yet unless they do so, Turkish backing for the Astana ceasefire agreement could be in jeopardy, something Russia is unlikely to welcome. Nonetheless, Moscow has clearly indicated that it is not considering giving Turkey the green light to crush Kurdish enclaves in Syria. Impacts Barring an unexpected military reverse, the Syrian civil war is entering its final stage. Western governments are likely to acquiesce eventually in a settlement that largely reinstates Assad in a Russian protectorate. With many refugees unable to return, internal pressures on Turkey to allow some of them to travel elsewhere will grow.

Congo's political battles threaten governance capacity

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Governance Capacity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
And Control

Subject Post-election political outlook for Congo. Significance Six months after landmark elections, Congo remains without a new government. An uncomfortable coalition between new President Felix Tshisekedi and former President Joseph Kabila continues to evolve, but the struggle for power and control of the country’s institutions is far from over. Impacts Tshisekedi can face Kabila for now in part because of public support; this may evaporate if he cannot improve living conditions. The longer governance challenges persist, the higher the internal pressures will grow inside the three main political camps. Despite the return from exile of several key leaders, the opposition Lamuka coalition is in disarray and may collapse.

The More Control, the Better?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeyun Oh ◽  
Mun-Young Chung ◽  
Sangyong Han
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Story Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High User ◽  
User Control ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.

GREEN OPEN ACCESS IN KENYA: A REVIEW OF THE CONTENT, POLICIES AND USAGE OF INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORIES

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
Wanyenda Leonard Chilimo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Current State ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

 There is scant research-based evidence on the development and adoption of open access (OA) and institutional repositories (IRs) in Africa, and in Kenya in particular. This article reports on a study that attempted to fill that gap and provide feedback on the various OA projects and advocacy work currently underway in universities and research institutions in Kenya and in other developing countries. The article presents the findings of a descriptive study that set out to evaluate the current state of IRs in Kenya. Webometric approaches and interviews with IR managers were used to collect the data for the study. The findings showed that Kenya has made some progress in adopting OA with a total of 12 IRs currently listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR) and five mandatory self-archiving policies listed in the Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies (ROARMAP). Most of the IRs are owned by universities where theses and dissertations constitute the majority of the content type followed by journal articles. The results on the usage and impact of materials deposited in Kenyan IRs indicated that the most viewed publications in the repositories also received citations in Google Scholar, thereby signifying their impact and importance. The results also showed that there was a considerable interest in Swahili language publications among users of the repositories in Kenya.

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