Human resources disclosure: an exploratory study of the quality in Qatar

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Nahg Abdulmajid Alawi ◽  
Husam Mohammed Belfaqih
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Exchange Market ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the quality of HR disclosure of companies listed in Qatari Exchange Market and identify factors that influence the level of this HR disclosure quality. Design/methodology/approach Content analysis of annual reports and sustainability reports of 12 companies from industrial and real estate sectors over the period 2013–2015 had been analyzed using the three-point scale (0–2, numerical disclosure 2, 1 for narrative form and 0 for not disclosed). This research employed also multiple regressions, in order to examine the impact of profitability and employee expenses on HR disclosure quality. Findings The results point out that HR disclosure quality level is very low among the sample companies. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis results indicate that the level of HR disclosure quality is associated with company’s employees expenses as a proportion of its total operating expenses, whereas profitability does not have a significant influence on its level of HR disclosure quality. Research limitations/implications The current study has two important limitations. First, the sample of the study consists of only 12 leading Qatari industrial and real estate sectors firms listed on the Qatar Stock Exchange Market. Second, the study used an unweighted index which implies equal importance of the selected information items. Originality/value The study has bridged the literature gaps by offering empirical evidence and new insights on the HR disclosure quality in Qatar and the factors that affect, which have not been examined before.

scholarly journals ICD corporate communication and its determinants: evidence from Italian listed companies’ websites

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Nicolò ◽  
Natalia Aversano ◽  
Giuseppe Sannino ◽  
Paolo Tartaglia Polcini
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Resources

Purpose This study aims to analyse the extent and type of online intellectual capital (IC) disclosure provided by a sample of 117 Italian listed companies. The study also seeks to identify possible determinants of the extent and type of intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) practiced by Italian listed companies via the Web. Design/methodology/approach A content analysis is conducted to investigate the extent and type of online ICD provided through websites by a sample of 117 Italian listed companies. Two multivariate ordinary least squares regression models are applied to estimate the associations proposed in the research hypotheses. Findings The results show that Italian listed companies are exploiting the potential of websites to satisfy the information needs of investors and other stakeholders in relation to strategic IC-based corporate resources, with a particular focus on external capital. For the most part, ICD is conveyed in narrative form. Moreover, while the size and board independence positively affect both the extent and type of ICD, profitability exerts a positive influence only on the extent of online ICD. Originality/value Unlike previous ICD studies, which focussed on annual reports, this study explores an emerging and innovative tool to convey ICD, namely, the website. In today’s world, websites are considered to be the most expedient and effective tools for sharing and transmitting information, including IC; they are a vehicle that can shift the IC focus from the organisation to the wider ecosystem.

scholarly journals The impact of AAOIFI governance disclosure on Islamic banks performance

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawida Elgattani ◽  
Khaled Hussainey
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Governance Disclosure

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of the accounting and auditing organisation for Islamic financial institution (AAOIFI) governance disclosure on the performance of Islamic banks (IBs). Design/methodology/approach The ordinary least squares regression model was used to test the impact of AAOIFI governance disclosure on the performance of 126 IBs from 8 countries that mandatorily adopt the AAOIFI standards for three years (2013–2015). In this regression model, return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) are the dependent variables, while AAOIFI governance disclosure is the independent variable. Corporate governance mechanisms, firm characteristics, year dummy and country dummy are used as control variables. Findings This paper found an insignificant relationship between AAOIFI governance disclosure and IBs performance. Research limitations/implications This study highlighted the implication that the current research may help IBs and encourage them to disclose more information in annual reports, especially those related to AAOIFI governance standards because following good corporate governance leads to good financial performance. The major limitation of the paper is that it is only focussed on two measurements of bank performance – ROA and ROE; it would be good to use other firm performance measures, such as profit margin. Originality/value This study provides new empirical evidence on the impact of AAOIFI governance disclosure on IBs performance.

Algorithm of real estate mass appraisal with inequality restricted least squares (IRLS) estimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Mariusz Doszyń
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm of real estate mass appraisal in which the impact of attributes (real estate features) is estimated by inequality restricted least squares (IRLS) model. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the algorithm of real estate mass appraisal, which was also presented in the form of an econometric model. Vital problem related to econometric models of mass appraisal is multicollinearity. In this paper, a priori knowledge about parameters is used by imposing restrictions in the form of inequalities. IRLS model is therefore used to limit negative consequences of multicollinearity. In ordinary least squares (OLS) models, estimator variances might be inflated by multicollinearity, which could lead to wrong signs of estimates. In IRLS models, estimators efficiency is higher (estimator variances are lower), which could result in better appraisals. Findings The final effect of the analysis is a vector of the impact of real estate attributes on their value in the mass appraisal algorithm. After making expert corrections, the algorithm was used to evaluate 318 properties from the test set. Valuation errors were also discussed. Originality/value Restrictions in the form of inequalities were imposed on the parameters of the econometric model, ensuring the non-negativity and monotonicity of real estate attribute impact. In case of real estate, variables are usually correlated. OLS estimators are then inflated and inefficient. Imposing restrictions in form of inequalities could improve results because IRLS estimators are more efficient. In the case of results inconsistent with theoretical assumptions, the real estate mass appraisal algorithm enables having the obtained results adjusted by an expert. This can be important for low quality databases, which is often the case in underdeveloped real estate markets. Another reason for expert correction may be the low efficiency of a given real estate market.

The impact of environmental performance on capital structure and firm performance: the case of Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Kalash
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Capital Structure

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of environmental performance on the capital structure and financial performance of Turkish listed firms. Design/methodology/approach This study used data of 49 firms listed on Istanbul Stock Exchange during the period between 2014 and 2019, resulting in 205 firm-year observations. The environmental performance data were drawn from the carbon disclosure project Turkey climate change reports. Ordinary least squares and binary logistic regression models were used to examine whether environmental performance impacts the capital structure and financial performance. Findings The findings of this research revealed that environmental performance significantly positively affects the firm leverage. Findings also showed that environmental performance has a significantly positive impact on return on assets, operating profitability and return on equity, but no significant impact on stock returns. Practical implications Given the increased borrowing costs for Turkish firms after the 2018 currency crisis in Turkey, the findings of this study are very important as they enable managers of Turkish firms to make better decisions related to capital structure and to understand the role of environmental performance in reducing the cost of debt and enhancing financial performance. Originality/value To the author’s knowledge, this research is the first to investigate the effect of environmental performance on capital structure in the Turkish context, and is one of few that explained how environmental performance affects the financial performance of Turkish firms.

scholarly journals Determinants and impacts of risk disclosure quality: evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Elshandidy ◽  
Lorenzo Neri ◽  
Yingxi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Market Liquidity ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Reporting

PurposeFew studies have focused on emerging markets owing to difficulties in identifying the real effect of disclosures on these economies. To fill this gap, the purpose of this paper is to first: investigate the main drivers for risk disclosure quality for Chinese financial firms, second: further study the impact of such disclosure on market liquidity.Design/methodology/approachThe sample comprises all financial firms listed in the Shanghai A-shares market for the period 2013–2015. By relying on manual content analysis of annual reports, the risk disclosure quality is measured through a multidimensional approach which encompasses three factors: quantity of disclosure, coverage of disclosure and the semantic properties of depth and outlook. The findings of this paper are based on ordinary least squares and fixed-effects estimations.FindingsThe findings suggest that firm characteristics (especially size) influence risk disclosure practices of Chinese financial companies. Furthermore, the authors found that risk disclosure quality has an impact on market liquidity, and when the authors analysed each year the authors noticed that the results were driven by the year 2013; moreover, the authors noticed no or little significance from the period of the emerging financial crisis.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample of this paper is limited to financial firms in China. The usage of manual content analysis limits the authors’ ability to investigate risk reporting drivers and its impact on market liquidity on a large scale.Practical implicationsThe importance of this paper stems from documenting several reporting incentives concerning not only firms’ quantity, but also firms’ quality of risk reporting. Collectively, the findings support activism for reforms and the enhancement of regulations in China in order to make the market more efficient.Originality/valueThis paper provides new evidence for financial companies in China on the principal drivers for risk disclosure quality and highlights how the quality of such disclosure impacts market liquidity. Furthermore, this paper confirms previous findings on the Chinese market (Ball et al., 2000; Zou and Adams, 2008) in which, given a decreasing but still strong state presence, there is higher stock volatility and weak corporate governance.

Income return versus capital appraisal for real estate funds during the financial crisis

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Gianluca Mattarocci ◽  
Georgios Siligardos
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The overall performance of real estate funds can be ascribed to capital appreciation and/or income return. The Italian property funds market has grown significantly over the past few years; however, little is known about the key drivers of property fund performance. The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of two sources of funds’ performance and identify their relevance during the financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper considers the Italian market in the last decade and analyses the annual reports of public real estate funds, separating appraisal returns from income returns. By considering a wide time horizon, it evaluates if the roles of income returns and capital gains with respect to overall performance are more or less influenced by fund characteristics, such as asset diversification, concentration, and leverage. Findings – The contribution of income return and capital growth are not strictly related to the overall performance of Italian real estate funds, with a significantly lower correlation during the global financial crisis. Furthermore, the main drivers of the two income sources are not strictly comparable. Originality/value – The paper presents the first analysis on the source of income return for the Italian real estate funds and it represents one of the few studies that considers the effect of the financial crisis on European indirect real estate investments, capital appreciation and income return.

scholarly journals The impact of web marketing on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firms' performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Muneerali Thottoli ◽  
K.V. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Web Marketing ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Google Search ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe current study seeks to examine the impact of web marketing (through the company's website) on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firms' performance across companies listed in the Muscat Stock Exchange (MSX), Oman.Design/methodology/approachThis research analyses qualitative and exploratory data taken from companies' website, annual reports (the financial year 2019), Google search and CSR report from 69 out of total 117 listed companies in the MSX to analyze the impact of web marketing on CSR and firms' performance proxied by return of assets (ROA), return of equity (ROE) and Tobin's Q (TQ).FindingsWeb marketing on CSR positively affects firms' performance. Especially, the positive effect of web marketing on firms' performance is stronger for listed companies. Web marketing enhances financial performance proxied by ROA, ROE and TQ.Practical implicationsThe research findings provide new insights that are able to enlighten governing bodies in Oman to make standardized compulsory CSR spending (say, 0.5% on profit after tax) by listed companies in MSX.Originality/valueThis research presents evidence that web marketing on CSR can increase firms' performance and brand image among stakeholders. This is the first study to examine the impact of web marketing on CSR and firms' performance using empirical data in Oman.

scholarly journals Family-owned banks in Jordan: do they perform better?

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Saidat ◽  
Abdel Razzaq Alrababa'a ◽  
Claire Seaman
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Domestic Banks ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

PurposeFamily ownership is very common for Jordanian businesses, leading to a high level of involvement of family members in company management. There continues to be intense discussion on the pros and cons of family ownership, particularly as it focuses corporate control within a small family group. The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance of family- and non-family-owned banks that appear on the Amman Stock Exchange over the 2016 to 2020 period.Design/methodology/approachThe research on Jordanian domestic banks is based on data from the annual reports of banks listed on their websites which offers comprehensive data on finances, ownership and the board. Family-owned and non-family banks were analysed using multiple regression technique to identify any variations in their performance.FindingsUsing a sample of 16 domestic banks with 75 bank-year observations over the 2016 to 2020 period, the study supports other research in finding that family ownership is negatively related to bank performance. This is true for accounting-based and market-based performance measures, including return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and Tobin's Q test results. Additionally, analysis identifies greater negative consequences for performance within family-owned banks by board of directors.Originality/valueThis paper extends previous research on family businesses by investigating the impact of family ownership on the financial performance in the Jordanian bank sector. This research determined that devaluation is a consequence of higher levels of ownership concentration for domestic banks in Jordan.

Women directors and corporate performance: firm size and board monitoring as the least focused factors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Women Directors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Board Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of women directors on corporate performance (CP) and the mediating role of board monitoring in their relationship. Design/methodology/approach The ordinary least squares with panel corrected standard errors are used as a primary estimator along with three other estimators to check the robustness of the estimations and address the potential endogeneity in a stratified random sample of 320 non-financial Malaysian companies listed on Bursa Malaysia (Stock Exchange) between 2010 and 2014. Findings It is found that women directors on the board not only improve firms’ return on assets but also reduce the volatility of their stocks. However, these findings are more applicable in small firms as compared to large firms. Besides, it is also noted the board monitoring significantly mediates the relationship between women directors and CP. Practical implications As the monitoring role of women directors improves CP, substantial efforts may be put in to increase their meritorious representation on the boards. The regulators could pay equal attention to the small firms. Additionally, the number of board meetings may also be increased for strengthening the monitoring abilities of the board to improve CP. Originality/value The study contributes to the existing literature, as little attention has been paid to the mediation of board monitoring in the nexus of women directors and CP in the past.

Determinants of capital structure of Islamic and conventional commercial banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh ◽  
Muhammad Azeem Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Earnings Volatility ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
The Capital Structure

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how conventional and Islamic commercial banks in Pakistan choose their capital structure and what are the most significant factors that affect their choice of capital structure. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected the data from the annual reports of commercial banks listed on Karachi Stock Exchange Pakistan during 2004-2014. Panel data techniques, namely, pooled ordinary least squares, fixed effects and random effects, were used to estimate the relationship between book leverage and bank-specific variables such as profitability, size, growth, tangibility and earnings volatility. Findings Descriptive statistics indicate that conventional commercial banks are more levered than Islamic commercial banks. Moreover, conventional commercial banks are larger, profitable and have relatively safe earnings than Islamic commercial banks. In contrast, Islamic commercial banks have relatively more fixed operating assets and growth in total assets compared to the conventional commercial banks. Regression results indicate that profitability, growth and tangibility are negatively, whereas bank size and earnings volatility are positively, related to book leverage of conventional commercial banks. On the other hand, only three variables, namely, profitability, bank size and tangibility, have material effects on capital structure choice of Islamic commercial banks. Profitability and tangibility are negatively while bank size is positively related to book leverage of the Islamic banks. In sum, results of the study indicate that Islamic and conventional commercial banks have their own way to choose the capital structure than the non-financial firms; however, their choice is affected by the similar variables as identified for non-financial firms in Pakistan. Practical implications Results of this study provide support to bank managers to understand the effects of bank-specific variables on capital structure and make them able to determine a balanced capital structure considering the regulations framed by the central bank of the country. Originality/value This is the first study that investigates the factors that affect the capital structure of conventional and Islamic commercial banks in Pakistan. Moreover, findings of this study lay some foundation upon which a more detail analysis of capital structure of banks could be based.

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