Modeling of Hybrid System with Photovoltaic Panels-Fuel cells Generation and Hydrogen Storage Using Electrolyzer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmil Stoyanov
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels

CONCEPT OF THE AUTONOMOUS HYDROGEN FUELLING STATION BASED ON PHOTOVOLTAIC AND METAL-HYDRIDE TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUEL CELL ELECRIC VEHICLE. DEVELOPMENT OF A GENERAL CONCEPT FOR AN AUTONOMOUS HYDROGEN FUELLING STATION WITH METAL HYDRIDE COMPRESSORS FOR VEHICLES ON FUEL CELLS

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Wu Po ◽  
Boris Tymoshevskyy ◽  
Yuriy Halynkin ◽  
Oleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Oleksandr Cherednychenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Charging Time

At present time internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most spread as main and auxiliary ICE for vehicles, vessels, power generation, etc. Their application is associated with low energy efficiency, negative impact on the environment due to high emissions of harmful substances and the use of oil fuels. The vehicles with electric motors are alternative upon to existing ones. There are two modern concepts of the electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles and electric vehicles with fuel cells. The main advantage of the battery electric vehicles is the developed infrastructure of power grids and charging stations, but the charging time is too prolonged (from 20 minutes in the fast charging mode and up to 8…10 hours. Unfortunately the fast mode significantly reduces life cycle of the electric batteries. One of the advanced alternatives is concept of the fuel cell and hydrogen powered vehicles. It exist some problems which limit its wide implementation. There are the following: high cost of hydrogen production, insufficient amount of electricity production and transmission capacity of electric networks for mass charging of electric vehicles. These problems can be solved by creation of the complexes for local hydrogen production by water electrolysis on the base of photovoltaic panels, hydrogen purification and compression on the base of metal-hydride technologies and hydrogen storage in ultra-light-weight high pressure thanks on the base of reinforced with carbon nanotubes or composite materials. Implementation of this concept will allow to get rid of disadvantages which are inherent in vehicles with electrical batteries. The most of these are the following: high mass and cost, limited run distance and long charging time, short life cycle and recycling batteries pollution. The charging duration of hydrogen high pressure tanks is 5...15 min and is comparable with the ICE diesel/gasoline fueling terms and conditions. One of the main obstacles to expanding vehicles on fuel cells is the deficit of hydrogen and its filling stations. At present it is known a number of solutions for the creation of hydrogen fueling. However, today there is no single standard solution for hydrogen charging. Until today, vehicles running on hydrogen (both fuel cells and equipped with ICE that consume hydrogen), several options for its storage are used. There are high pressure tanks with hydrogen gas compressed at 35…70 MPa. Judging by the vehicles technologies and concepts the combination of fuel cells with tanks at 70 MPa will be the most common variant of hydrogen technology promotion in the coming years. In connection with the variety of hydrogen storage options on board vehicles, it is actual to develop autonomous fueling stations with photovoltaic panels for electricity production with following hydrogen production by electrolysis, hydrogen purification and compression by metal-hydride technology and hydrogen storage in super high pressure tanks or metalhydride tanks with the possibility of hydrogen charging at different pressures from 35 MPa up to 150 MPa.

CONCEPT OF THE AUTONOMOUS HYDROGEN FUELLING STATION BASED ON PHOTOVOLTAIC AND METAL-HYDRIDE TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUEL CELL ELECRIC VEHICLE. THE MAIN PRINCIPAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Xu Zhipeng ◽  
Boris Tymoshevskyy ◽  
Yuriy Halynkin ◽  
Oleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Oleksandr Cherednychenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Charging Time

At present time internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most spread as main and auxiliary ICE for vehicles, vessels, power generation, etc. Their application is associated with low energy efficiency, negative impact on the environment due to high emissions of harmful substances and the use of oil fuels. The vehicles with electric motors are alternative upon to existing ones. There are two modern concepts of the electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles and electric vehicles with fuel cells. The main advantage of the battery electric vehicles is the developed infrastructure of power grids and charging stations, but the charging time is too prolonged (from 20 minutes in the fast charging mode and up to 8…10 hours. Unfortunately the fast mode significantly reduces life cycle of the electric batteries. One of the advanced alternatives is concept of the fuel cell and hydrogen powered vehicles. It exist some problems which limit its wide implementation. There are the following: high cost of hydrogen production, insufficient amount of electricity production and transmission capacity of electric networks for mass charging of electric vehicles. These problems can be solved by creation of the complexes for local hydrogen production by water electrolysis on the base of photovoltaic panels, hydrogen purification and compression on the base of metal-hydride technologies and hydrogen storage in ultra-light-weight high pressure thanks on the base of reinforced with carbon nanotubes or composite materials. Implementation of this concept will allow to get rid of disadvantages which are inherent in vehicles with electrical batteries. The most of these are the following: high mass and cost, limited run distance and long charging time, short life cycle and recycling batteries pollution. The charging duration of hydrogen high pressure tanks is 5...15 min and is comparable with the ICE diesel/gasoline fueling terms and conditions. One of the main obstacles to expanding vehicles on fuel cells is the deficit of hydrogen and its filling stations. At present it is known a number of solutions for the creation of hydrogen fueling. However, today there is no single standard solution for hydrogen charging. Until today, vehicles running on hydrogen (both fuel cells and equipped with ICE that consume hydrogen), several options for its storage are used. There are high pressure tanks with hydrogen gas compressed at 35…70 MPa. Judging by the vehicles technologies and concepts the combination of fuel cells with tanks at 70 MPa will be the most common variant of hydrogen technology promotion in the coming years. In connection with the variety of hydrogen storage options on board vehicles, it is actual to develop autonomous fueling stations with photovoltaic panels for electricity production with following hydrogen production by electrolysis, hydrogen purification and compression by metal-hydride technology and hydrogen storage in super high pressure tanks or metalhydride tanks with the possibility of hydrogen charging at different pressures from 35 MPa up to 150 MPa.

Concept of the autonomous hydrogen fuelling station based on photovoltaic and metal-hydride technologies for fuel cell elecric vehicle. Analysis of existing fuelling stations types and vehicles using hydrogen, hydrogen production and storing methods

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Li Tianjing ◽  
Boris Tymoshevskyy ◽  
Yuriy Halynkin ◽  
Oleksandr Tarasenko ◽  
Oleksandr Cherednychenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Hydrogen Purification ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Charging Time

At present time internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most spread as main and auxiliary ICE for vehicles, vessels, power generation, etc. Their application is associated with low energy efficiency, negative impact on the environment due to high emissions of harmful substances and the use of oil fuels. The vehicles with electric motors are alternative upon to existing ones. There are two modern concepts of the electric vehicles: battery electric vehicles and electric vehicles with fuel cells. The main advantage of the battery electric vehicles is the developed infrastructure of power grids and charging stations, but the charging time is too prolonged (from 20 minutes in the fast charging mode and up to 8…10 hours. Unfortunately the fast mode significantly reduces life cycle of the electric batteries. One of the advanced alternatives is concept of the fuel cell and hydrogen powered vehicles. It exist some problems which limit its wide implementation. There are the following: high cost of hydrogen production, insufficient amount of electricity production and transmission capacity of electric networks for mass charging of electric vehicles. These problems can be solved by creation of the complexes for local hydrogen production by water electrolysis on the base of photovoltaic panels, hydrogen purification and compression on the base of metal-hydride technologies and hydrogen storage in ultra-light-weight high pressure thanks on the base of reinforced with carbon nanotubes or composite materials. Implementation of this concept will allow to get rid of disadvantages which are inherent in vehicles with electrical batteries. The most of these are the following: high mass and cost, limited run distance and long charging time, short life cycle and recycling batteries pollution. The charging duration of hydrogen high pressure tanks is 5...15 min and is comparable with the ICE diesel/gasoline fueling terms and conditions. One of the main obstacles to expanding vehicles on fuel cells is the deficit of hydrogen and its filling stations. At present it is known a number of solutions for the creation of hydrogen fueling. However, today there is no single standard solution for hydrogen charging. Until today, vehicles running on hydrogen (both fuel cells and equipped with ICE that consume hydrogen), several options for its storage are used. There are high pressure tanks with hydrogen gas compressed at 35…70 MPa. Judging by the vehicles technologies and concepts the combination of fuel cells with tanks at 70 MPa will be the most common variant of hydrogen technology promotion in the coming years. In connection with the variety of hydrogen storage options on board vehicles, it is actual to develop autonomous fueling stations with photovoltaic panels for electricity production with following hydrogen production by electrolysis, hydrogen purification and compression by metal-hydride technology and hydrogen storage in super high pressure tanks or metalhydride tanks with the possibility of hydrogen charging at different pressures from 35 MPa up to 150 MPa.

scholarly journals Optimal Synergy between Photovoltaic Panels and Hydrogen Fuel Cells for Green Power Supply of a Green Building—A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6304
Author(s):  
Raluca-Andreea Felseghi ◽  
Ioan Așchilean ◽  
Nicoleta Cobîrzan ◽  
Andrei Mircea Bolboacă ◽  
Maria Simona Raboaca
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels

Alternative energy resources have a significant function in the performance and decarbonization of power engendering schemes in the building application domain. Additionally, “green buildings” play a special role in reducing energy consumption and minimizing CO2 emissions in the building sector. This research article analyzes the performance of alternative primary energy sources (sun and hydrogen) integrated into a hybrid photovoltaic panel/fuel cell system, and their optimal synergy to provide green energy for a green building. The study addresses the future hydrogen-based economy, which involves the supply of hydrogen as the fuel needed to provide fuel cell energy through a power distribution infrastructure. The objective of this research is to use fuel cells in this field and to investigate their use as a green building energy supply through a hybrid electricity generation system, which also uses photovoltaic panels to convert solar energy. The fuel cell hydrogen is supplied through a distribution network in which hydrogen production is outsourced and independent of the power generation system. The case study creates virtual operating conditions for this type of hybrid energy system and simulates its operation over a one-year period. The goal is to demonstrate the role and utility of fuel cells in virtual conditions by analyzing energy and economic performance indicators, as well as carbon dioxide emissions. The case study analyzes the optimal synergy between photovoltaic panels and fuel cells for the power supply of a green building. In the simulation, an optimally configured hybrid system supplies 100% of the energy to the green building while generating carbon dioxide emissions equal to 11.72% of the average value calculated for a conventional energy system providing similar energy to a standard residential building. Photovoltaic panels account for 32% of the required annual electricity production, and the fuel cells generate 68% of the total annual energy output of the system.

Fuel-Cell Hybrid Systems to Generate Shipboard Electrical Power

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Sembler ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

The reduction of shipboard airborne emissions has been receiving increased attention due to the desire to improve air quality and reduce the generation of greenhouse gases. The use of a fuel cell could represent an environmentally friendly way for a ship to generate in-port electrical power that would eliminate the need to operate diesel-driven generators or use shore power. This paper includes a brief description of the various types of fuel cells in use today, together with a review of the history of fuel cells in marine applications. In addition, the results of a feasibility study conducted to evaluate the use of a fuel-cell hybrid system to produce shipboard electrical power are presented.

A Comparative Study of Hydrogen Storage and Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing for Automotive Fuel Cells

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Kazemiabnavi ◽  
Aneet Soundararaj ◽  
Haniyeh Zamani ◽  
Bjoern Scharf ◽  
Priya Thyagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Fuel Processing ◽  
Gasoline Vehicles

In recent years, there has been increased interest in fuel cells as a promising energy storage technology. The environmental impacts due to the extensive fossil fuel consumption is becoming increasingly important as greenhouse gas (GHG) levels in the atmosphere continue to rise rapidly. Furthermore, fuel cell efficiencies are not limited by the Carnot limit, a major thermodynamic limit for power plants and internal combustion engines. Therefore, hydrogen fuel cells could provide a long-term solution to the automotive industry, in its search for alternate propulsion systems. Two most important methods for hydrogen delivery to fuel cells used for vehicle propulsion were evaluated in this study, which are fuel processing and hydrogen storage. Moreover, the average fuel cost and the greenhouse gas emission for hydrogen fuel cell (H2 FCV) and gasoline fuel cell (GFCV) vehicles are compared to that of a regular gasoline vehicle based on the Argonne National Lab’s GREET model. The results show that the average fuel cost per 100 miles for a H2 FCV can be up to 57% lower than that of regular gasoline vehicles. Moreover, the obtained results confirm that the well to wheel greenhouse gas emission of both H2 FCV and GFCV is significantly less than that of regular gasoline vehicles. Furthermore, the investment return period for hydrogen storage techniques are compared to fuel processing methods. A qualitative safety and infrastructure dependency comparison of hydrogen storage and fuel processing methods is also presented.

Design and Off-Design Analysis of a MW Hybrid System Based on Rolls-Royce Integrated Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 792-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Magistri ◽  
Michele Bozzolo ◽  
Olivier Tarnowski ◽  
Gerry Agnew ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
System Size ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Turbine Speed

In this paper the design point definition of a pressurised hybrid system based on the Rolls-Royce Integrated Planar-Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IP-SOFCs) is presented and discussed. The hybrid system size is about 2 MWe and the design point analysis has been carried out using two different IP-SOFC models developed by Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) at the University of Genoa: (i) a generic one, where the transport and balance equations of the mass, energy and electrical charges are solved in a lumped volume at constant temperature; (ii) a detailed model where all the equations are solved in a finite difference approach inside the single cell. The first model has been used to define the hybrid system lay out and the characteristics of the main devices of the plant such as the recuperator, the compressor, the expander, etc. The second model has been used to verify the design point defined in the previous step, taking into account that the stack internal temperature behavior are now available and must be carefully considered. Apt modifications of the preliminary design point have been suggested using the detailed IP-SOFC system to obtain a feasible solution. In the second part of the paper some off-design performance of the Hybrid System carried out using detailed SOFC model are presented and discussed. In particular the influence of ambient conditions is shown, together with the possible part load operations at fixed and variable gas turbine speed. Some considerations on the compressor surge margin modification are reported.

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