Capacitive Sensing for Monitoring Stent Patency in the Central Airway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Javier Lopez Ruiz ◽  
Joseph Zhu ◽  
Lucy Fitzgerald ◽  
Daniel Quinn ◽  
John Lach
Keyword(s):  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Stent Patency ◽  
Central Airway

Respiratory distress in patients with central airway obstruction

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdel Hamied Regal ◽  
Yasser Ahmed El Ghoneimy ◽  
Yasser Maher Aljehani
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Central Airway Obstruction ◽  
Central Airway

scholarly journals Rapid and Sensitive Detection of miRNA Based on AC Electrokinetic Capacitive Sensing for Point-of-Care Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3985
Author(s):  
Nan Wan ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Jiamei Huang ◽  
Rania Oueslati ◽  
Shigetoshi Eda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Mirna Detection ◽  
Mirna 25 ◽  
Low Sensitivity

A sensitive and efficient method for microRNAs (miRNAs) detection is strongly desired by clinicians and, in recent years, the search for such a method has drawn much attention. There has been significant interest in using miRNA as biomarkers for multiple diseases and conditions in clinical diagnostics. Presently, most miRNA detection methods suffer from drawbacks, e.g., low sensitivity, long assay time, expensive equipment, trained personnel, or unsuitability for point-of-care. New methodologies are needed to overcome these limitations to allow rapid, sensitive, low-cost, easy-to-use, and portable methods for miRNA detection at the point of care. In this work, to overcome these shortcomings, we integrated capacitive sensing and alternating current electrokinetic effects to detect specific miRNA-16b molecules, as a model, with the limit of detection reaching 1.0 femto molar (fM) levels. The specificity of the sensor was verified by testing miRNA-25, which has the same length as miRNA-16b. The sensor we developed demonstrated significant improvements in sensitivity, response time and cost over other miRNA detection methods, and has application potential at point-of-care.

scholarly journals Stent patency and outcome of TIPS through the left versus the right portal branches

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Alwarraky ◽  
Hasan A. Elzohary ◽  
Mohamed A. Melegy ◽  
Anwar Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Patency Rate ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Stent Patency ◽  
Left Branch ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Our purpose is to compare the stent patency and clinical outcome of trans-jugular intra-hepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) through the left branch portal vein (TIPS-LPV) to the standard TIPS through the right branch (TIPS-RPV). We retrospectively reviewed all patients (n = 54) with refractory portal hypertension who were subjected to TIPS-LPV at our institute (TIPS-LPV) between 2016 and 2018. These patients were matched with 56 control patients treated with the standard TIPS-RPV (TIPS-RPV). The 2 groups were compared regarding the stent patency rate, encephalopathy, and re-interventions for 1 year after the procedure. Results TIPS-LPV group showed 12 months higher patency rate (90.7% compared to 73.2%) (P < 0.005). The number of the encephalopathy attacks in the TIPS-LPV group was significantly lower than that of the TIPS-RPV group at 6 and 12 months of follow-up [P = 0.012 and 0.036, respectively]. Re-bleeding and improvement of ascites were the same in the two groups [P > 0.05]. Patients underwent TIPS-LPV needed less re-interventions and required less hospitalizations than those with TIPS-RPV [P = 0.039 and P = 0.03, respectively]. Conclusion The new TIPS approach is to extend the stent to LPV. This new TIPS-LPV approach showed the same clinical efficiency as the standard TIPS-RPV in treating variceal bleeding and ascites. However, it proved a better stent patency with lower rates of re-interventions, encephalopathy, and hospital admissions than TIPS through the right branch.

scholarly journals Novel Stable Capacitive Electrocardiogram Measurement System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3668
Author(s):  
Chi-Chun Chen ◽  
Shu-Yu Lin ◽  
Wen-Ying Chang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Voltage Divider ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Guard Ring ◽  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Optimal Input ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Mode Interference

This study presents a noncontact electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement system to replace conventional ECG electrode pads during ECG measurement. The proposed noncontact electrode design comprises a surface guard ring, the optimal input resistance, a ground guard ring, and an optimal voltage divider feedback. The surface and ground guard rings are used to reduce environmental noise. The optimal input resistor mitigates distortion caused by the input bias current, and the optimal voltage divider feedback increases the gain. Simulated gain analysis was subsequently performed to determine the most suitable parameters for the design, and the system was combined with a capacitive driven right leg circuit to reduce common-mode interference. The present study simulated actual environments in which interference is present in capacitive ECG signal measurement. Both in the case of environmental interference and motion artifact interference, relative to capacitive ECG electrodes, the proposed electrodes measured ECG signals with greater stability. In terms of R–R intervals, the measured ECG signals exhibited a 98.6% similarity to ECGs measured using contact ECG systems. The proposed noncontact ECG measurement system based on capacitive sensing is applicable for use in everyday life.

scholarly journals Central Airway Collapse Is Related to Obesity but Not Asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Bhatawadekar ◽  
U. Peters ◽  
R.R. Walsh ◽  
C.M. Kinsey ◽  
N. Daphtary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Collapse ◽  
Central Airway

scholarly journals Role of Intraductal RFA: A Novel Tool in the Palliative Care of Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tobias J. Weismüller
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Metal Stents ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
First Line ◽  
Stent Patency

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Patients with irresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) have a limited prognosis with median survival times still less than 1 year. In addition to the current standard first-line systemic chemotherapy (gemcitabine and a platinum derivate), endoscopic treatment aims to ensure adequate drainage of the biliary system by placing biliary plastic or metal stents. Local ablative procedures like intraluminal biliary brachytherapy (ILBT) or photodynamic therapy (PDT) are used to improve local tumor control and to optimize the stent patency. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Intraductal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is another promising tool in the therapeutic armamentarium for the endoscopic management and tumor ablation of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA). By applying thermal energy to the tissue through high-frequency alternating current, RFA induces coagulative necrosis and causes local destruction of the tumor. It is established as a first line percutaneous treatment of solid liver tumors, and since 2011 an endoscopic catheter is available that allows intraductal RFA in the biliary or pancreatic ducts. While the first pilot studies primarily evaluated this new method in patients with distal eCCA, there is now evidence accumulating also for PHC. Two retrospective and two prospective studies demonstrated a significantly improved overall survival and a longer stent patency with intraductal RFA, which overall had a favorable safety profile and was not associated with a significant increase in adverse events. However, prospective studies comparing the efficacy and safety of intraductal RFA, PDT, and/or ILBT are lacking. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Recent studies suggest that intraductal RFA is an effective and well-tolerated additional treatment option with regard to stent patency but also overall survival. Since RFA has fewer systemic side effects and requires less logistical effort when compared to ILBT and PDT, intraductal RFA should be considered as another safe and feasible adjuvant method for the palliative care of patients with advanced PHC. Since comparative studies are lacking, the choice of the local ablative method remains in each case an individual decision.

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