Live Testing of Flexibilities on Distribution Grid Level - Simulation Setup and Lessons Learned

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Erlemeyer ◽  
Christian Rehtanz ◽  
Annegret Hermanns ◽  
Bengt Luers ◽  
Marvin Nebel-Wenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Grid Level

scholarly journals Impact of Rooftop Photovoltaics on the Distribution System

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel A. Alboaouh ◽  
Salman Mohagheghi
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
System A ◽  
Voltage Quality ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Pv Penetration ◽  
Smart Inverters ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a review of the impact of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) panels on the distribution grid. This includes how rooftop PVs affect voltage quality, power losses, and the operation of other voltage-regulating devices in the system. A historical background and a classification of the most relevant publications are presented along with the review of the important lessons learned. It has been widely believed that high penetration levels of PVs in the distribution grid can potentially cause problems for node voltages or overhead line flows. However, it is shown in the literature that proper control of the PV resource using smart inverters can alleviate many of those issues, hence paving the way for higher PV penetration levels in the grid.

scholarly journals Electric Vehicle–Grid Integration with Voltage Regulation in Radial Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Cao ◽  
Zhouquan Wu ◽  
Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Grid Integration ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Voltage Compensation ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Grid Level

In this paper, a vehicle–grid integration (VGI) control strategy for radial power distribution networks is presented. The control schemes are designed at both microgrid level and distribution level. At the VGI microgrid level, the available power capacity for electric vehicle (EV) charging is optimally allocated for charging electric vehicles to meet charging requirements. At the distribution grid level, a distributed voltage compensation algorithm is designed to recover voltage violation when it happens at a distribution node. The voltage compensation is achieved through a negotiation between the grid-level agent and VGI microgrid agents using the alternating direction method of multipliers. In each negotiation round, individual agents pursue their own objectives. The computation can be carried out in parallel for each agent. The presented VGI control schemes are simulated and verified in a modified IEEE 37 bus distribution system. The simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the VGI control algorithms and the effect of algorithm parameters on the convergence of agent negotiation.

Decentralised Electricity Markets and Proactive Customer Behaviour

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 781
Author(s):  
Jens Maiwald ◽  
Tino Schuette
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
Base Scenario ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Grid Level ◽  
Level Running

The energy transition in Germany takes part in decentral structures. With the ongoing integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) into the electricity supply system, supply-side is therefore becoming increasingly decentral and volatile due to the specific generation characteristics. A rather inflexible demand-side, on the other hand, increases the effort to gain the necessary equilibrium between generation and consumption. This paper discusses how consumer behaviour can be influenced by real-time pricing to align demand with generation. Therefore, a combination of two different approaches is used, (I) The Cellular Approach (CA) and (II) Agent Based Modelling (ABM). A model is set up considering a regional energy market, where regional electricity products can be traded peer-to-peer regarding each consumer’s preferences. The observation is made for a whole distribution grid including all types of consumers. The investigations show that energy purchases can be stimulated individually by a flexible pricing mechanism and met preferences. Moreover, benefits occur for the whole region and potentials arise to smooth the exchange balance to the superordinate grid level. Running the model for one entire year in a conservative generation scenario, hours of oversupply could be reduced by 18% and the consumption of green electricity generated regionally could be increased by over 125 MWh within the region itself, in comparison to a base scenario.

Phase-space exploration of unit ensembles in energy management

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Jörg Bremer ◽  
Sebastian Lehnhoff
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Ancillary Service ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Transmission Grid ◽  
Grid Level

AbstractCurrently, a transition of the electrical power system occurs that results in replacing large-scale thermal power plants at transmission grid level by small generation units mainly installed in the distribution grid. A shift from the transmission to the distribution grid level and an increase in ancillary service demand is a direct result of this transition, demanding delegation of liabilities to distributed, small energy resources. Decoder-based methods currently are not able to cope with ensembles of individually acting energy resources. Aggregating flexibilities results in folded distributions with unfavorable properties for machine learning decoders. Nevertheless, a combined training set is needed to integrate e. g., a hotel, a small business, or similar with an ensemble of co-generation, heat pump, solar power, or controllable consumers to a single flexibility model. Thus, we improved the training process and use evolution strategies for sampling ensembles.

scholarly journals Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Oureilidis ◽  
Kyriaki-Nefeli Malamaki ◽  
Konstantinos Gallos ◽  
Achilleas Tsitsimelis ◽  
Christos Dikaiakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Grid Level

The high proliferation of converter-dominated Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRESs) at the distribution grid level has gradually replaced the conventional synchronous generators (SGs) of the transmission system, resulting in emerging stability and security challenges. The inherent characteristics of the SGs are currently used for providing ancillary services (ASs), following the instructions of the Transmission System Operator, while the DRESs are obliged to offer specific system support functions, without being remunerated for these functions, but only for the energy they inject. This changing environment has prompted the integration of energy storage systems as a solution for transfusing new characteristics and elaborating their business in the electricity markets, while the smart grid infrastructure and the upcoming microgrid architectures contribute to the transformation of the distribution grid. This review investigates the existing ASs in transmission system with the respective markets (emphasizing the DRESs’ participation in these markets) and proposes new ASs at distribution grid level, with emphasis to inertial response, active power ramp rate control, frequency response, voltage regulation, fault contribution and harmonic mitigation. The market tools and mechanisms for the procurement of these ASs are presented evolving the existing role of the Operators. Finally, potential barriers in the technical, regulatory, and financial framework have been identified and analyzed.

Lessons Learned From Coaching Postsecondary Students With Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Mary R. T. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Exhaustive List

Purpose The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide speech-language pathologists with a brief update of the evidence that provides possible explanations for our experiences while coaching college students with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method The narrative text provides readers with lessons we learned as speech-language pathologists functioning as cognitive coaches to college students with TBI. This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, but rather to consider the recent scientific evidence that will help our understanding of how best to coach these college students. Conclusion Four lessons are described. Lesson 1 focuses on the value of self-reported responses to surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. Lesson 2 addresses the use of immediate/proximal goals as leverage for students to update their sense of self and how their abilities and disabilities may alter their more distal goals. Lesson 3 reminds us that teamwork is necessary to address the complex issues facing these students, which include their developmental stage, the sudden onset of trauma to the brain, and having to navigate going to college with a TBI. Lesson 4 focuses on the need for college students with TBI to learn how to self-advocate with instructors, family, and peers.

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