Maximizing the energy efficiency of a PMSM for vehicular applications using an iron loss accounting optimization based on nonlinear programming

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rabiei ◽  
Torbjorn Thiringer ◽  
Johan Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Nonlinear Programming ◽  
Iron Loss

scholarly journals Increasing energy efficiency of electric arc steelmaking furnace by improvement of aspiration system and recycling of melting dust.

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
ТІМОШЕНКО С. М. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Slag Bath ◽  
Iron Loss ◽  
Steelmaking Furnace ◽  
Aspiration System ◽  
Reduction Of Iron

Electric arc furnace (EAF) is considered as a basis of promising micrometallurgical complexes of Ukraine with a flexible production program. It is important to increase energy efficiency of the furnace, which depends crucially on heat loss (up to 12-20% of energy input) and iron loss (up to 20-22 kg/t of steel) with off-gas through disadvantages, inherent for EAF aspiration system, in comparison with BOF one. Purpose of the work is to reduce heat and iron loss with off-gas environment and recycling of melting dust. Research methodology consists in numerical modeling of new solutions for EAF aspiration and liquid-phase reduction of iron. The concept and basic solutions of dispersed aspiration system and liquid-phase process of carbon-thermal reduction of iron-containing wastes in heat- generating slag bath of electric resistance furnace with bottom electrodes are developed and substantiated. It has been experimentally established that increasing the aspiration surface, its distribution between the central and peripheral parts of the roof and approaching to area of electrode passage reduces unorganized emissions into electrode gaps by 40 % and air inflow into slag door by 10 %. Simulation of thermal state of a hearth with liquid cast iron under a layer of slag, which emits Joule heat, showed the need for forced mixing of the bath under conditions that multiplier, taking into account the effect of convection on coefficient of stationary thermal conductivity in the slag bath is at least 2.7. Experimentally determined power consumption is 2.12−2.29 kWh/kg of metallized product, which corresponds to the best foreign analogue "ITmk3". Estimation of expected economic effect of developments in the conditions of 120-t EAF only due to reduction of iron loss with melting dust by using of dispersed aspiration system is about 5 million UAH per year.

Drying and heating of scrap metal at steelmaking: industrial safety, economics, ecology

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1353-1258
Author(s):  
V. A. Spirin ◽  
V. E. Nikol’skii ◽  
D. V. Vokhmintsev ◽  
A. A. Moiseev ◽  
P. G. Smirnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Scrap Metal ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Metal Charge ◽  
Basic Task ◽  
Scrap Heating ◽  
Winter Time

At steel production based on scrap metal utilization, the scrap heating before charging into a melting facility is an important way of energy efficiency increase and ecological parameters improving. In winter time scrap metal charging with ice inclusions into a metal melt can result in a considerable damage of equipment and even accidents. Therefore, scrap preliminary drying is necessary to provide industrial safety. It was shown, that in countries with warm and low-snow climate with no risk of scrap metal icing up during its transportation and storing in the open air, the basic task being solved at the scrap drying is an increase of energy efficiency of steelmaking. InRussiathe scrap metal drying first of all provides the safety of the process and next - energy saving. Existing technologies of scrap metal drying and heating considered, as well as advantages and drawbacks of technical solutions used at Russian steel plants. In winter time during scrap metal heating at conveyers (Consteel process) hot gases penetrate not effectively into its mass, the heat is not enough for evaporation of wetness in the metal charge. At scrap heating by the furnace gases, a problem of dioxines emissions elimination arises. Application of shaft heaters results in high efficiency of scrap heating. However, under conditions of Russian winter the upper scrap layers are not always heated higher 0 °С and after getting into a furnace bath the upper scrap layers cause periodical vapor explosions. The shaft heaters create optimal conditions for dioxines formation, which emit into atmosphere. It was shown, that accounting Russian economic and nature conditions, the metal charge drying and heating in modified charging buckets by the heat of burnt natural gas or other additional fuel is optimal. The proposed technical solution enables to burnt off organic impurities ecologically safely, to melt down ice, to evaporate the wetness in the scrap as well as to heat the charge as enough as the charging logistics enables it. The method was implemented at several Russian steel plants. Technical and economical indices of scrap metal drying in buckets under conditions of EAF-based shop, containing two furnaces ДСП-100, presented.

Perspectives and Regulation of the Russian Market for Project-based Transactions under the Kyoto Protocol

2008 ◽  
pp. 108-125
Author(s):  
K. Zavodov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
New Form ◽  
Contract Structure ◽  
Carbon Fund

Project-based transactions (PBTs) are a market mechanism of attracting foreign investments in order to abate greenhouse gas emissions and increase energy efficiency of the country’s enterprises. The article provides a classification and analyzes advantages and drawbacks of PBTs from the point of view of a host country. The main trends and factors determining the dynamics of the PBT market are described. Given that Russia currently lags behind the leaders of the PBT market, an incorporation of a state carbon fund is put forward with an aim of channelling PBTs through it. This paper proposes a form of PBT market regulation by incorporating an option mechanism into the contract structure of a transaction. A comparison of the new form of regulation with the tools that are currently in use in Russia and other countries demonstrates its greater economic efficiency under uncertainty.

Fiscal deduction in Italy for energy efficiency in residential buildings: Some insights

2017 ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Domenico Prisinzano ◽  
Alessandro Federici ◽  
Amalia Martelli ◽  
Chiara Martini ◽  
Roberto Moneta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Residential Buildings

Analysis of energy efficiency of polder of pumping stations in a Slavsk district of the Kaliningrad region

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Yuriy Spirin ◽  
Vladimir Puntusov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Pumping Equipment ◽  
Excess Power ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Domestic Power

In the Kaliningrad region there are about 70 % of all polder lands in Russia. On these lands with high potential fertility, it is advisable to intensive agriculture. The area for the average moisture year is an area with excessive moisture, which indicates the need to maintain the rate of drainage on agricultural land. Many different factors play a role in ensuring the drainage rate, one of which is pumping stations and pumping equipment installed on them. An important parameter in the use of pump-power equipment is energy consumption, since in this industry it is a considerable expense item. Improving the energy efficiency of pumping stations on polders is a pressing issue today. At the majority of polder pumping stations, domestic power pumping equipment is installed with excess power and head of 4–8 meters, and a new one is selected based on the maximum possible head in a given place. In the Kaliningrad region, the energy efficiency of polder pumping equipment has never been analyzed. In this paper, a statistical processing of the geodesic pressure of water at the polder pumping stations of the Slavsk region for 2000–2002 was carried out. On the basis of these data and data on the hydraulic characteristics of pressure pipelines, the calculated water pressures were determined for the rational selection of pumping equipment. The calculation of the economic efficiency of pumps with optimal power compared with pumps of excess capacity. The results of the study can serve as a justification for the transition to the pumping equipment with less power and pressure, which will lead to a decrease in the cost of money for electricity.

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