Inverse calculation of stress-free line type of transmission conductor based on designed line type

The M emission spectrum of68Er was reinvestigated using wavelength dispersive spectrometry, with a TAP diffracting crystal. By recording the spectra using the second-order reflection, an improved energy resolution was achieved, which is necessary to resolve the M5O3line from the neighboring α M5N7transition. In addition to the five lines/bands tabulated in the classical paper of Bearden, a number of further lines were observed. These are M1N3, M3O1, M2N1, M5O3, M3N1, and M4N3. For all the lines with an energy below the M5absorption structure (M5O3, M3N1, M4N3, and ζ M5N3), an increasing relative intensity with increasing energy of the exciting electrons,E0, was observed. This dependence has its origin in the fact that these lines are normally absorbed whereas Mα (M5N7) and Mβ (M4N6) are additionally affected by anomalous line-type absorption.

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A transmission-line-type eight-port hybrid

1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S ◽

10.1109/mwsym.1992.187922 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

I. Ohta ◽

T. Kawai ◽

S. Shimahashi ◽

K. Ho

Keyword(s):

Transmission Line ◽

Line Type

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Photo- and exchange-field controlled line-type resonant peaks and enhanced spin and valley polarizations in a magnetic WSe2 junction

Journal of Physics D Applied Physics ◽

10.1088/1361-6463/ac48ae ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Alipour zadeh ◽

Yaser Hajati ◽

Imam Makhfudz

Keyword(s):

Transport Properties ◽

Resonant Tunneling ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Oscillatory Behavior ◽

Spin Orbit Coupling ◽

Exchange Field ◽

Ideal Line ◽

Transmission Resonances ◽

Filtering Effect ◽

Line Type

Abstract Existing resonant tunneling modes in the shape of line-type resonances can improve the transport properties of the junction. Motivated by the unique structural properties of monolayer WSe2 e.g. significant spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and large direct bandgap, the transport properties of a normal/ferromagnetic/normal (NFN) WSe2 junction with large incident angles in the presence of exchange field (h), off-resonance light (∆Ω) and gate voltage (U) is studied. In a certain interval of U, the transmission shows a gap with optically controllable width, while outside it, the spin and valley resolved transmissions have an oscillatory behavior with respect to U. By applying ∆Ω (h), an optically (electrically) switchable perfect spin and valley polarizations at all angles of incidence have been found. For large incident angles, the transmission resonances change to spin-valley-dependent separated ideal line-type resonant peaks with respect to U, resulting in switchable perfect spin and valley polarizations, simultaneously. Furthermore, even in the absence of U, applying h or ∆Ω at large incident angles can give some spin-valley dependent ideal transmission peaks, making h or ∆Ω a transmission valve capable of giving a switchable fully spinvalley filtering effect. These findings suggest some alternate methods for providing high-efficiency spin and valley filtering devices based on WSe2.

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Urban sprawl can inhibit convection and decrease rainfall over an Amazonian city during a squall line type phenomenon

Urban Climate ◽

10.1016/j.uclim.2021.101023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 101023

Author(s):

Zayra Christine Sátyro ◽

Carla Farias ◽

Luiz Antonio Candido ◽

José Augusto Veiga

Keyword(s):

Urban Sprawl ◽

Squall Line ◽

Line Type

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Anatomical landmarks of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

Endocrine Surgery ◽

10.14341/serg10050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 161-177

Author(s):

Viktor Y. Malyuga ◽

Aleksandr A. Kuprin

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cartilage ◽

Oblique Line ◽

Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Constrictor Muscle ◽

External Branch ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor ◽

Line Type

Background. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervates a cricothyroid muscle, which provides tension in vocal cords and formation of high-frequency sounds. When the nerve is damaged during surgery, patients may notice hoarseness, inability to utter high pitched sounds, “rapid fatigue” of the voice, and dysphagia. According to literature, paresis of an external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve reaches up to 58% after thyroid surgery. Aim: to identify permanent landmarks and topographic variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Materials and methods. The study is based on the autopsy material (21 complexes organs of the neck) and on identification of variations of 40 external branches of the superior laryngeal nerve. We identified two permanent landmarks that are located at the minimum distance from nerve and we made metrical calculations relative to them: oblique line of thyroid cartilage and tendinous arch of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Results. The piercing point of the nerve is always located at the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle without protruding beyond the oblique line of thyroid cartilage superiorly and tendinous arch of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle anteriorly. The nerve had the parallel direction in 92.8% of cases (angel less than 30 degrees) relative to the oblique line and in 85.7% cases it was in close proximity to this line (at distance up to 4 mm). The proposed topographic classification of the location of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is based on localization of the piercing point of the nerve relative to the length of the oblique line of thyroid cartilage and the risk of nerve damage. In 14.2% of cases, the piercing point was in the front third of the line (type I), and in 50% it was in the middle third of this line (type II). These variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was in close proximity to the upper pole of the thyroid gland, which could have lead to its damage during surgery. In type III and IV (35.8%) – the piercing point in the muscle was located as far as possible from the upper pole of the thyroid gland and the greater part of the nerve was covered with the fibers of inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Conclusion. We identified the main orienteers for the search and proposed anatomical classification of the location of the external branch on the superior laryngeal nerve.

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