HATS:A handover optimized routing algorithm for the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite network

AbstractA novel routing algorithm (Hierarchical Supervisor and Agent Routing Algorithm, HSARA) for LEO/MEO (low earth orbit/medium earth orbit) double-layered optical satellite network is brought forward. The so-called supervisor (MEO satellite) is designed for failure recovery and network management. LEO satellites are grouped according to the virtual managed field of MEO which is different from coverage area of MEO satellite in RF satellite network. In each LEO group, one LEO satellite which has maximal persistent link with its supervisor is called the agent. A LEO group is updated when this optical inter-orbit links between agent LEO satellite and the corresponding MEO satellite supervisor cuts off. In this way, computations of topology changes and LEO group updating can be decreased. Expense of routing is integration of delay and wavelength utilization. HSARA algorithm simulations are implemented and the results are as follows: average network delay of HSARA can reduce 21 ms and 31.2 ms compared with traditional multilayered satellite routing and single-layer LEO satellite respectively; LEO/MEO double-layered optical satellite network can cover polar region which cannot be covered by single-layered LEO satellite and throughput is 1% more than that of single-layered LEO satellite averagely. Therefore, exact global coverage can be achieved with this double-layered optical satellite network.

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Simulation study of the plasma-brake effect

Annales Geophysicae ◽

10.5194/angeo-32-1207-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 1207-1216 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

P. Janhunen

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

High Performance ◽

Ionospheric Plasma ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Earth Orbit ◽

Breaking Force ◽

Field Orientation ◽

Particle In Cell ◽

Leo Satellite ◽

The Magnetic Field

Abstract. Plasma brake is a thin, negatively biased tether that has been proposed as an efficient concept for deorbiting satellites and debris objects from low Earth orbit. We simulate the interaction with the ionospheric plasma ram flow with the plasma-brake tether by a high-performance electrostatic particle in cell code to evaluate the thrust. The tether is assumed to be perpendicular to the flow. We perform runs for different tether voltage, magnetic-field orientation and plasma-ion mass. We show that a simple analytical thrust formula reproduces most of the simulation results well. The interaction with the tether and the plasma flow is laminar (i.e. smooth and not turbulent) when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the tether and the flow. If the magnetic field is parallel to the tether, the behaviour is unstable and thrust is reduced by a modest factor. The case in which the magnetic field is aligned with the flow can also be unstable, but does not result in notable thrust reduction. We also correct an error in an earlier reference. According to the simulations, the predicted thrust of the plasma brake is large enough to make the method promising for low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite deorbiting. As a numerical example, we estimate that a 5 km long plasma-brake tether weighing 0.055 kg could produce 0.43 mN breaking force, which is enough to reduce the orbital altitude of a 260 kg object mass by 100 km over 1 year.

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The use of Iridium's satellite network for nanosatellite communications in Low Earth Orbit

2009 IEEE Aerospace conference ◽

10.1109/aero.2009.4839583 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Henric Boiardt ◽

Christian Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Earth Orbit ◽

Satellite Network

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An enhanced QoS routing algorithm for provision of end-to-end delay guarantee in low earth orbit satellite networks

IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2005 ◽

10.1109/wcnc.2005.1424734 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qijie Huang ◽

Boon Sain Yeo ◽

Peng-Yong Kong

Keyword(s):

Routing Algorithm ◽

Qos Routing ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Satellite Networks ◽

Earth Orbit ◽

Delay Guarantee ◽

End To End Delay ◽

Orbit Satellite ◽

Low Earth Orbit Satellite ◽

Qos Routing Algorithm

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Distributed Routing Strategy Based on Machine Learning for LEO Satellite Network

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing ◽

10.1155/2018/3026405 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhenyu Na ◽

Zheng Pan ◽

Xin Liu ◽

Zhian Deng ◽

Zihe Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Traffic Prediction ◽

Satellite Network ◽

Integrated Networks ◽

Distributed Routing ◽

Learning Machine ◽

Terrestrial Communications ◽

Leo Satellite

As the indispensable supplement of terrestrial communications, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite network is the crucial part in future space-terrestrial integrated networks because of its unique advantages. However, the effective and reliable routing for LEO satellite network is an intractable task due to time-varying topology, frequent link handover, and imbalanced communication load. An Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) based distributed routing (ELMDR) strategy was put forward in this paper. Considering the traffic distribution density on the surface of the earth, ELMDR strategy makes routing decision based on traffic prediction. For traffic prediction, ELM, which is a fast and efficient machine learning algorithm, is adopted to forecast the traffic at satellite node. For the routing decision, mobile agents (MAs) are introduced to simultaneously and independently search for LEO satellite network and determine routing information. Simulation results demonstrate that, in comparison to the conventional Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm, ELMDR not only sufficiently uses underutilized link, but also reduces delay.

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