Instrumentation and Visualization of a Small-Scale Downdraft Gasifier

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rosa ◽  
Valter Silva ◽  
Alexandre Mota ◽  
Miguel Mendonca
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier

Techno-economic feasibility study on the application of downdraft gasifier in small-scale red clay bricks industries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugan Paradesi Chockalingam ◽  
Navaneethakrishnan Palanisamy ◽  
Saji Raveendran Padmavathy ◽  
Edwin Mohan ◽  
Beno Wincy Winsly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Clay Bricks

Shifting of the flame front in a small-scale commercial downdraft gasifier by water injection and exhaust gas recirculation

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 121297
Author(s):  
A. Zachl ◽  
M. Buchmayr ◽  
J. Gruber ◽  
A. Anca-Couce ◽  
R. Scharler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Front ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Analysis and Comparison of Biochar From Pilot Scale Downdraft Gasifier

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejasvi Sharma ◽  
Yunye Shi ◽  
Guiyan Zang ◽  
Albert Ratner
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Reduction Zone ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Porosity Analysis ◽  
Corn Grains

Gasification is incomplete combustion of solid fuel that results in the production of vapor, often referred to as syngas or producer gas, char, and tar. When this process is applied to biomass, the resulting char, referred to as biochar, is produced and has been shown to enhance soil fertility and crop growth. As part of a broader effort, this work examines how the gasification process impacts the biochar generated through downdraft gasification. In contrast to previous publications, which only focused on the syngas compositions, this research paper expands the analysis to the composition of the biochar produced in the gasification systems. In a large-scale gasifier, corn grains at about a 15% moisture level are inserted into a pilot scale downdraft gasifier from the top. In this system, both air and fuel move in the same direction. The air entering the setup is controlled using a damper. Corn grains entering the gasifier pass through a drying zone where the moisture content in it is removed. The dry corn then passes through a combustion and pyrolysis zone, followed by a reduction zone. The high temperature present at the bottom in the reduction zone cracks any tar present in the syngas produced. This syngas exits from the bottom of the gasifier. The char produced has a residence time from half an hour to several hours. About 20% of the fuel that’s inserted in the gasifier is converted to biochar. An ultimate and proximate chemical composition analysis, BET porosity analysis, and an SEM image analysis were carried out on the biochar produced from this system. From the SEM analysis, a surface area of 2.38 m2/g was obtained. From the ultimate and proximate analysis, it was observed that the biochar had higher carbon content and a lack of volatile components compared to other reported biochars and levels similar to activated carbon. From the BET porosity analysis, both small scale and large-scale pores were observed but quantified comparison with other biochar is still on going. Porosity is known to be an important factor in biochar effectiveness as a soil amendment.

Experimental Characterization of a Small-Scale Downdraft Gasifier for Biomass Waste

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughn M. Emmerson ◽  
Gerardo Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Yard Waste ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Many Sources

Biomass is essentially organic garbage obtained from many sources of dead or live vegetation including yard waste. According to recent data, approximately sixty million bone dry tons of biomass are produced in California each year [1]. Of this, only five million tons are used for the generation of electricity. At a global scale, 8700 Tg of biomass (dry matter) were burned without energy recovery in 1991. This number has increased especially in developing countries with the main sources being the savannas, agricultural waste, tropical forests, and fuel wood. Inefficient burning of waste, through combustion in open-air or in open dumps are a significant source of pollutants leading to possible health effects. An alternative to open air combustion is gasification, which involves the conversion of biomass to generate synthesis gas (syngas) by adding heat and limited amounts of oxygen. Several gasifying agents can be utilized, but air is commonly used in small-scale gasifiers. The use of air causes a large molar fraction of nitrogen in the syngas composition. This papers shows the experimental results obtained with a commercially available small-scale downdraft gasifier. Woodchips obtained from a nearby landfill are used as input to the gasifier and temperatures, flow rates, and syngas composition are reported and analyzed.

scholarly journals Design and development of a small-scale biomass downdraft gasifier

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Akhator ◽  
A.I. Obanor ◽  
E.G. Sadjere
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier

A Novel Hybrid Design of Incineration-Gasification for Energy Saving

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somrat Kerdsuwan ◽  
Krongkaew Laohalidanond ◽  
Palita Chiyawong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cleaner Technology ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a crucial problem worldwide where it is created the impact to environment, social as well as health. The non-sanitary landfill is widespread used for waste disposal in the rural area because of its low investment and operation cost. However, it has negative effect on human health and environment. Thermal treatment of MSW by incineration is considered as an option for effective treatment technique due to the fast reduction in mass and volume of MSW. However, with high moisture content in MSW, it is necessary to use auxiliary fuel in order to maintain the high temperature of combustion process and led to the high operating cost, especially for the small scale incinerator without energy recovery. A novel hybrid incineration-gasification can be used in order to overcome this drawback by using a downdraft gasifier with Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) as feedstock to generate the syngas which can be substituted the auxiliary fuel. Hence, this study emphasizes on the development of a novel hybrid incineration-gasification as a cleaner technology to get rid of MSW generated with a destruction capacity of 30 ton per day (TPD). The novel system comprises of a controlled-air incinerator with two combustion chambers, automatic feeding machine and wet scrubber. A 100 kg/hr downdraft gasifier has aim to use RDF from dry fraction of MSW as feedstock to produce syngas to substitute the auxiliary fuel used in the secondary burner of the incinerator in order to maintain the desire its temperature. This cleaner and novel hybrid technology can implement to get rid of MSW properly for energy saving and sustainable development.

Small-scale power generation analysis: Downdraft gasifier coupled to engine generator set

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Inácio Chaves ◽  
Marcelo José da Silva ◽  
Samuel Nelson Melegari de Souza ◽  
Deonir Secco ◽  
Helton Aparecido Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier

scholarly journals AN EFFECT OF SPRAY CONFIGURATION AND ADSORBENT MATERIAL ON PERFORMANCE OF THE SPRAY SCRUBBER IN THE DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER-ENGINE SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Susastriawan ◽  
Yuli Purwanto ◽  
Purnomo Purnomo ◽  
Kade Vindo ◽  
Adi Hariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Rate ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Tar Removal ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Engine System

The work aims to investigate an effect of spray configuration and adsorbent material on performance of wet scrubber in removing tar gravimetric in producer gas. The scrubber is installed at small scale downdraft gasifier-engine system and the tests are conducted in two sections. Firstly, the scrubber is tested using water adsorbent at various spray flow configurations to the producer gas flow (cross flow, counter flow, mixed flow). Secondly, the scrubber is tested using adsorbent of cooking oil and waste of engine lubricant at cross flow spray configuration. The performance of the scrubber investigated are temperature profile, log mean temperature difference, heat transfer rate, and tar removal effectiveness. For spray configuration test, the result shows that cross spray configuration (CrS) has the optimum performance. The CsS scrubber has the highest LMTD, heat transfer rate, and tar removal efficiency among others. The values are 29.8°C, 7.84 kW, and 0.43, accordingly. Meanwhile, the test using different adsorbent indicates adsorption property of the adsorbent plays an important rules in tar removal effectiveness of the scrubber. The removal effectiveness of the scrubber for using adsorbent of water, cooking oil, and engine lubricant are 0.43, 0.12, and 0.60, respectively.

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