scholarly journals A large scale exploratory analysis of software vulnerability life cycles

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Zubair Shafiq ◽  
Alex X. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Software Vulnerability

Large Scale Characterization of Software Vulnerability Life Cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-744
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
M. Zubair Shafiq ◽  
Alex X. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Software Vulnerability ◽  
Scale Characterization

Multiple-source Record Linkage in a Rural Industrial Community, 1680–1820

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve King
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Multiple Source ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Industrial Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Broad Outline

Re-creating the social, economic and demographic life-cycles of ordinary people is one way in which historians might engage with the complex continuities and changes which underlay the development of early modern communities. Little, however, has been written on the ways in which historians might deploy computers, rather than card indexes, to the task of identifying such life cycles from the jumble of the sources generated by local and national administration. This article suggests that multiple-source linkage is central to historical and demographic analysis, and reviews, in broad outline, some of the procedures adopted in a study which aims at large scale life cycle reconstruction.

scholarly journals DNA screening of Drosophila suzukii predators in berry field orchards shows new predatory taxonomical groups

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249673
Author(s):  
Sara Sario ◽  
Conceição Santos ◽  
Fátima Gonçalves ◽  
Laura Torres
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Potential Predator ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
South Europe ◽  
New Habitats

Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila, SWD) is a pandemic quarantine pest that attacks mostly red fruits. The high number of life cycles per year, its ability to rapidly invade and spread across new habitats, and highly polyphagous nature, makes this a particularly aggressive invasive species, for which efficient control methods are currently lacking. The use of native natural predators is particularly promising to anchor sustainable and efficient measures to control SWD. While several field studies have suggested the presence of potential predatory species in infested orchards, only a few confirmed the presence of SWD DNA in predators’ gut content. Here, we use a DNA-based approach to identify SWD predators among the arthropod diversity in South Europe, by examining the gut content of potential predator specimens collected in SWD-infested berry fields in North Portugal. These specimens were morphologically identified to the family/order, and their gut content was screened for the presence of SWD DNA using PCR. New SWD predatory taxonomical groups were identified, as Opiliones and Hemerobiidae, in addition to known SWD predators, such as Hemerobiidae, Chrysopidae, Miridae, Carabidae, Formicidae and Araneae. Additionally, the presence of a spider family, Uloboridae, in the orchards was recorded for the first time, posing this family as another SWD-candidate predator. This study sets important bases to further investigate the potential large-scale use of some of these confirmed predator taxa for SWD control in South Europe.

scholarly journals ComplexBrowser: a tool for identification and quantification of protein complexes in large scale proteomics datasets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Michalak ◽  
Vasileios Tsiamis ◽  
Veit Schwämmle ◽  
Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesińska
Keyword(s):  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
List Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Complex Components

AbstractWe have developed ComplexBrowser, an open source, online platform for supervised analysis of quantitative proteomics data that focuses on protein complexes. The software uses information from CORUM and Complex Portal databases to identify protein complex components. Based on the expression changes of individual complex subunits across the proteomics experiment it calculates Complex Fold Change (CFC) factor that characterises the overall protein complex expression trend and the level of subunit co-regulation. Thus up- and down-regulated complexes can be identified. It provides interactive visualisation of protein complexes composition and expression for exploratory analysis. It also incorporates a quality control step that includes normalisation and statistical analysis based on Limma test. ComplexBrowser performance was tested on two previously published proteomics studies identifying changes in protein expression in human adenocarcinoma tissue and during activation of mouse T-cells. The analysis revealed 1519 and 332 protein complexes, of which 233 and 41 were found co-ordinately regulated in the respective studies. The adopted approach provided evidence for a shift to glucose-based metabolism and high proliferation in adenocarcinoma tissues and identification of chromatin remodelling complexes involved in mouse T-cell activation. The results correlate with the original interpretation of the experiments and also provide novel biological details about protein complexes affected. ComplexBrowser is, to our knowledge, the first tool to automate quantitative protein complex analysis for high-throughput studies, providing insights into protein complex regulation within minutes of analysis.A fully functional demo version of ComplexBrowser v1.0 is available online via http://computproteomics.bmb.sdu.dk/Apps/ComplexBrowser/The source code can be downloaded from: https://bitbucket.org/michalakw/complexbrowserHighlightsAutomated analysis of protein complexes in proteomics experimentsQuantitative measure of the coordinated changes in protein complex componentsInteractive visualisations for exploratory analysis of proteomics resultsIn briefComplexBrowser is capable of identifying protein complexes in datasets obtained from large scale quantitative proteomics experiments. It provides, in the form of the CFC factor, a quantitative measure of the coordinated changes in complex components. This facilitates assessing the overall trends in the processes governed by the identified protein complexes providing a new and complementary way of interpreting proteomics experiments.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of the ‘Golden Tides’ Seaweed, Sargassum horneri, on the Southwestern Coast of Korea: The Extent and Formation of Golden Tides

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Kyeong Choi ◽  
Hyun-Ju Oh ◽  
Suk-Hyun Yun ◽  
Hyuk Je Lee ◽  
Kyounghoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Sargassum Horneri ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Environmental Difference ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Since 2015, troublesome masses of floating Sargassum horneri have been introduced via ocean currents and winds to the southwestern coastline of Korea, including Jeju Island. These massive mats have caused considerable damage to the aquaculture industry, tourism, and the marine ecosystem. Most previous studies of S. horneri have focused on cultivation, the development of gene markers, and photosynthetic activity, but few data on population dynamics are available. We investigated the population dynamics of native S. horneri off the southwestern coast of Korea with the aim of predicting the formation of golden tides. Populations at two sites had obligate annual life cycles. Thalli were recruited during the period September–November, grew during the period December–April, and senesced by July. This pattern reflected seasonal trends in water temperature. Specific growth rates and heights of the thalli at Munseom were significantly higher than those at Jindo. The greatest environmental difference between the two sites is probably the degree of exposure to wave action. Mortality density (thalli lost per unit area) in the Munseom population was highest during the period December–January (i.e., 2–3 months after recruitment) and in March. Most thalli in the Jindo population died off in July when water temperatures increased. The maximum average biomass of S. horneri thalli detaching from the substrata reached 1.6 kg fresh weight m–2 during January and March. Thus, large-scale drifting mats were formed by S. horneri detachment from the substrata. Despite the differences in space and environment between China and Korea, our findings will enable quantitative assessments of the overall floating Sargassum biomass in the East China and Yellow Seas.

scholarly journals Re-Envisioning Anti-Apicomplexan Parasite Drug Discovery Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel W. Rangel ◽  
Manuel Llinás
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Drug Pressure ◽  
Apicomplexan Parasites ◽  
Resistance Evolution

Parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa impact humans in nearly all parts of the world, causing diseases including to toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, babesiosis, and malaria. Apicomplexan parasites have complex life cycles comprised of one or more stages characterized by rapid replication and biomass amplification, which enables accelerated evolutionary adaptation to environmental changes, including to drug pressure. The emergence of drug resistant pathogens is a major looming and/or active threat for current frontline chemotherapies, especially for widely used antimalarial drugs. In fact, resistant parasites have been reported against all modern antimalarial drugs within 15 years of clinical introduction, including the current frontline artemisinin-based combination therapies. Chemotherapeutics are a major tool in the public health arsenal for combatting the onset and spread of apicomplexan diseases. All currently approved antimalarial drugs have been discovered either through chemical modification of natural products or through large-scale screening of chemical libraries for parasite death phenotypes, and so far, none have been developed through a gene-to-drug pipeline. However, the limited duration of efficacy of these drugs in the field underscores the need for new and innovative approaches to discover drugs that can counter rapid resistance evolution. This review details both historical and current antimalarial drug discovery approaches. We also highlight new strategies that may be employed to discover resistance-resistant drug targets and chemotherapies in order to circumvent the rapid evolution of resistance in apicomplexan parasites.

scholarly journals Predicting species and community responses to global change in Australian mountain ecosystems using structured expert judgement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Camac ◽  
Kate D.L. Umbers ◽  
John W. Morgan ◽  
Sonya R. Geange ◽  
Anca Hanea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Expert Elicitation ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Australian Alps

AbstractConservation managers are under increasing pressure to make decisions about the allocation of finite resources to protect biodiversity under a changing climate. However, the impacts of climate and global change drivers on species are outpacing our capacity to collect the empirical data necessary to inform these decisions. This is particularly the case in the Australian Alps which has already undergone recent changes in climate and experienced more frequent large-scale bushfires. In lieu of empirical data, we used a structured expert elicitation method (the IDEA protocol) to estimate the abundance and distribution of nine vegetation groups and 89 Australian alpine and subalpine species by the year 2050. Experts predicted that most alpine vegetation communities would decline in extent by 2050; only woodlands and heathlands were predicted to increase in extent. Predicted species-level responses for alpine plants and animals were highly variable and uncertain. In general, alpine plants spanned the range of possible responses, with some expected to increase, decrease or not change in cover. By contrast, almost all animal species were predicted to decline or not change in abundance or elevation range; more species with water-centric life-cycles were expected to decline in abundance than other species. In the face of rapid change and a paucity of data, the method and outcomes outlined here provide a pragmatic and coherent basis upon which to start informing conservation policy and management, although this approach does not diminish the importance of collecting long-term ecological data.Article Impact StatementExpert knowledge is used to quantify the adaptive capacity and thus, the risk posed by global change, to Australian mountain flora and fauna.

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