Visibility Analysis of Glaciers on Steep Slopes in the European ALPS Using Terrasar-X/PAZ Data

Abstract. Ice Apron (IA) is a poorly studied ice feature, commonly existing in all the world’s major mountain regions. This study aims to map the locations of the IAs in the Mont Blanc massif (MBM), making use of the very high-resolution optical satellite images from 2001, 2012 and 2019. 423 IAs were identified and accurately delineated in the MBM on the images from 2019, and their topographic characteristics were studied. We generated our own Digital Elevation Model (DEM) at 4 m resolution since the freely available products predominantly suffer from significant inconsistencies, especially in steep mountain areas. Results show that most IAs exist at elevations above the regional Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA), on steep slopes, on concave surfaces, on northern and southern aspects and on the most rugged terrains. They are also commonly associated with steep slope glaciers as 85% of them occur on these glaciers’ headwalls. A comparison between 2001 and 2019 shows that IAs have lost around 29% of their area over a period of 18 years. This is significant and the rate of area loss is very alarming in comparison with the larger glacier bodies. We also studied the effect of topographic parameters on the area loss. We found that topographic factors like slope, aspect, curvature, elevation and Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) strongly influence the rate of area loss of IAs.

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Development and Application of a Mathematical Model of Wave Action on Steep Slopes

Coastal Engineering 1988 ◽

10.1061/9780872626874.020 ◽

1989 ◽

Author(s):

N. W. H. Allsop ◽

J. V. Smallman ◽

R. V. Stephens

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Wave Action ◽

Steep Slopes

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Vulnerability of Norway spruce to climate change in mountain forests of the European Alps

Climate Research ◽

10.3354/cr01226 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 119-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

C Hartl-Meier ◽

C Zang ◽

C Dittmar ◽

J Esper ◽

A Göttlein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Norway Spruce ◽

European Alps ◽

Mountain Forests

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DEVELOPING AND SELECTING SLOPE STABILIZATION TECHNIQUES IN MANAGING SLOPE FAILURES

Jurnal Teknik Sipil ◽

10.24002/jts.v12i4.638 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ari Sandyavitri

Keyword(s):

Retaining Wall ◽

Value Engineering ◽

Rating Systems ◽

Slope Stabilization ◽

Rockfall Hazard ◽

Proactive Approach ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Hazard Rating ◽

Hazard Rating Systems ◽

Steep Slopes

This paper objectives are to; (i) identification of risky slopes (within 4 Provinces in Sumatra including Provinces of Riau, West Sumatra, Jambi and South Sumatra encompassing 840 kms of the “Jalan Lintas Sumatra” highway) based on Rockfall Hazard Rating Systems (RHRS) method; (ii) developing alternatives to stabilize slope hazards, and (iii) selecting appropriate slopes stabilization techniques based on both proactive approach and value engineering one. Based on the Rockfall Hazard Rating Systems (RHRS) method, it was identified 109 steep slopes prone to failure within this highway section. Approximately, 15 slopes were identified as potential high-risk slopes (RHRS scores were calculated >200 points). Based on the proactive approach, seven riskiest slopes ware identified. The preferred stabilization alternatives to remedy most of these slopes are suggested as follow; either (i) a combination of retaining wall and drainage, or (ii) gabion structure and drainage. However, different approaches may yield different results, there are at least 2 main consideration in prioritizing slope stabilization; (i) based on the riskiest slopes, and(ii) the least expensive stabilization alternatives.

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ECONOMIC AND SILVICULTURAL EFFICIENCY OF CREATION OF PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS ON STEEP SLOPES

Agro-industrial technologies of the Central Russia ◽

10.24888/2541-7835-2018-10-35-41 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 35-41

Author(s):

P.N. Proyezdov ◽

◽

D.A. Mashtakov ◽

A.N. Avtonomov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Plantations ◽

Protective Forest ◽

Steep Slopes

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ANALISIS KONDISI BAWAH PERMUKAAN DAN RISIKO BENCANA TANAH LONGSOR UNTUK ARAHAN PENATAAN KAWASAN DI DESA TENGKLIK KECAMATAN TAWANGMANGU KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR JAWA TENGAH

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia ◽

10.29122/jsti.v13i2.881 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Heru Sri Naryanto

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Geographic Information System ◽

Regional Planning ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Great Influence ◽

Landslide Risk ◽

Potential Hazard ◽

Volcanic Deposits ◽

Steep Topography ◽

Steep Slopes

Karanganyar District is a hilly area with steep slopes, rock constituent of young volcanic deposits of Lawu Volcano products, thick soil and relatively high rainfall, so it is potential for large landslides in this region. The landuse in the Karanganyar District including the Tengklik Village is generally dominated by rice fields, seasonal gardens and settlements. Plantation made up in areas with steep topography has great influence on erosion and landslides. Similarly, many settlements are built on a slope so that the area is very vulnerable to the threat of landslides. In the rainy season landslides are common. The potential hazard of landslidesoccurred in 14 sub districts in Karanganyar District. Large landslides have occurred in Karanganyar on December 26, 2007 which claimed the lives of 62 people, with the greatest victims were in the Ledoksari Village, Tawangmangu. The Tengklik Village has already experienced creep type landslides, which have destroyed settlements, roads, seasonalgardens and all existing infrastructure in the area. In order to do the proper handling and anticipation of a catastrophic landslide, a variety of technological applications landslides using geographic information system (GIS) was then carried out, to detect the configuration of 2D geoelectrical subsurface prone areas for landslide risk study and regional planning.

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Kajian Debit Sungai di DAS Wae Ruhu, Kota Ambon

Jurnal Aplikasi Multidisiplinari Filsafat dan Sains (JAMFAS) ◽

10.30598/jamfasvol1iss1pp18-23y2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

Matheus Souisa ◽

Paulus R. Atihuta ◽

Josephus R. Kelibulin

Keyword(s):

River Discharge ◽

River Flow ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Data Retrieval ◽

Sediment Discharge ◽

Flood Prevention ◽

Retrieval Processes ◽

Water Catchment ◽

Steep Slopes ◽

Station Point

Ambon City is a region consisting of hilly areas and steep slopes with diverse river characteristics. Research has been carried out in the Wae Ruhu watershed in Ambon City which starts from upstream (water catchment) to downstream. This study aims to determine the magnitude of river discharge and sediment discharge in the Wae Ruhu watershed. This research was conducted in several stages including, secondary data collection, research location survey, preparation of research tools and materials as well as field data retrieval processes which included tracking coordinates at each station point and entire watershed, calculation of river flow velocity, river geometry measurements, and sampling sediment. The results showed that the average river discharge in the Wae watershed in the year 2018 was 1.24 m3 / s, and the average sediment discharge was 6.27 kg / s. From the results of this study and the field observations proposed for flood prevention and the rate of sediment movement are the construction of cliffs with sheet pile and gabions.

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Caragano fruticis—Pinion sylvestris, the new alliance of xerophillous pine-larch forests of the Southern Urals

Vegetation of Russia ◽

10.31111/vegrus/2002.03.42 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 42-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. I. Solomeshch ◽

V. B. Martynenko ◽

O. Yu. Zhigunov

Keyword(s):

Southern Urals ◽

The Southern Urals ◽

Larch Forests ◽

Steep Slopes

Xerophillous pine-larch forests of the Southern Ural have been described as a new alliance Caragano fruticis—Pinion sylvestris. They occur on steep slopes of upper parts of mountain ridges with poorely developed stony soils. Alliance asigned to the class Brachypodio pinnati—Betuletea pendulae, order Chamaecytiso ruthenici—Pinetalia sylvestris. Associations Carici caryophylleae—Pinetum sylvestris and Ceraso fruticis—Pinetum sylvestris with four subassociations are described. Ecological and floristical peculiarities of new alliance in comparison with another alliances of the order Chamaecytiso-Pinetalia and with siberian class Rhytidio rugosi—Laricetea sibiricae have been discussed.

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