Low-cost estimation of sub-system power

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwen Sun ◽  
Lucas Wanner ◽  
Mani Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
System Power

scholarly journals Studies on processing technology and cost estimation of fig (Ficus carica L.) fruit powder enriched Burfi (Indian cookie)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-624
Author(s):  
A. P. Khapre ◽  
P. N. Satwadhar ◽  
H. M. Syed
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Powder Processing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Fruit Powder ◽  
Economical Feasibility

The present article was designed with the aim to develop processing technology for preparation of fig (Ficus carica L.) fruits powder (Deanna variety) and the prepared fig powder was subsequently utilized in value added product like burfi (Indian cookie). In contrast to fig pulp and dried figs, the fig powder was found to be superior in terms of yield and ease of processing technology. Fig powder also open further fields of application that may promote fig powder processing at industrial scale in future. The products prepared by processing of figs viz. fig powder and fig burfi were chemically and sensorial assessed and also assessed for their economical feasibility and compared with market samples. Fig powder incorporated burfi was nutritionally rich in terms of fiber (3.7 %), potassium (0.464 %) and protein (13.12 %). The prepared product was found to be low cost as compared to the similar market products.

Delta's New Song: A Case on Cost Estimation in the Airline Industry

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane S. Dikolli ◽  
Karen L. Sedatole
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Cost Functions ◽  
Function Estimation ◽  
Cost Category ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
The Cost

This case provides the opportunity to use various empirical techniques (i.e., high-low method, simple regression, and multiple regression) in the estimation of cost functions. The case uses the airline industry as the setting for this analysis and, in particular, focuses on the ef forts of Delta Airlines to plan for salaries, the cost category that dominates its income statement. The case provides the data and the opportunity to learn the details of cost function estimation, but more importantly, it provides a rich setting in which issues related to the interpretation of these cost functions can be discussed. Finally, the entry of Delta into the low-cost carrier segment with its formation of Song provides a unique opportunity to think about how the cost function of an established full-service airline compares to that of a low-fare startup. Data from successful newcomer JetBlue is used to illustrate these differences. More generally, the case shows how the use of historical costs and cost estimation techniques can facilitate decision making about entry into new product markets.

Abstract MP52: Beyond Body Mass Index: A Population-Based Comparison Demonstrates Advantages of Abdominal Anthropometry for Identifying Cardiometabolic Dysfunctions

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry S Kahn ◽  
Kai M Bullard
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter ◽  
Diabetes Outcome

Background: A weight-based adiposity indicator (body mass index; BMI, kg/m 2 ) is often reported for adults. Indicators based on sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) or waist circumference have also identified cardiometabolic risk. Aim: Compare SAD/height ratio (SADHtR) or waist/height ratio (WHtR) with BMI for identifying risks in a representative sample of non-elderly adults without diagnosed diabetes. Outcome dysfunctions were Dysglycemia (glycated hemoglobin ≥5.7%), HyperNonHDLc (non-HDL-cholesterol ≥160 mg/dL or taking cholesterol meds), Hypertension (SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90 or taking blood-pressure meds) and HyperALT (alanine transaminase ≥75 th %ile [sex-specific p75]). Methods: Non-pregnant adults (ages 20-64 y; N=3,071) in the 2011-2012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey provided conventional anthropometry and supine SAD (by sliding - beam caliper). Sample weighting permitted estimation of population characteristics, including odds ratios (ORs) associated with each adiposity indicator (logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex and ancestry). For each dysfunction, we compared the ORs for 3 indicators after rescaling them to the indicator’s sex-specific, interquartile range. Results: The population distributions (mean; p25, p75) of indicators among men were: SADHtR (0.129; 0.112, 0.144), WHtR (0.564; 0.505, 0.613), and BMI (28.2; 24.2, 31.0). Among women they were: SADHtR (0.131; 0.112, 0.148), WHtR (0.580; 0.510, 0.636), and BMI (28.3; 23.4, 31.7). Dysfunction prevalence ranged from 21.9% (Dysglycemia in women) to 42.4% (HyperNonHDLc in men). To identify HyperNonHDLc, Hypertension and HyperALT (but not Dysglycemia), the ORs were highest for SADHtR and lowest for BMI. When SADHtR entered models simultaneously with BMI, the ORs associated with BMI no longer contributed to identification of HyperNonHDLc, Hypertension, or HyperALT (Figure). Conclusions: Among US adults, the SADHtR provides low-cost estimation of cardiometabolic risk independently of BMI.

scholarly journals Development of an Estimation Instrument of Acoustic Lens Properties for Medical Ultrasound Transducers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojong Choi ◽  
Jongseon Johnson Jeong ◽  
Jungsuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Ultrasound Transducers ◽  
Medical Ultrasound ◽  
Acoustic Lens ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Lens Material

In medical ultrasound transducers, the transmission mode (pass-through) approach has been used to estimate the characteristics of the acoustic lens. However, it is difficult to measure the acoustic lens properties with high precision because of human, systemic, or mechanical measurement errors. In this paper, we propose a low-cost estimation instrument for acoustic lens properties connected with a customized database. In the instrument, three-axis and one-axis transmitting and material fixtures accurately align the transmitting and receiving transducers separately. Through the developed instrument, we obtained a precise standard deviation of the attenuation coefficient and velocity of the acoustic lens material of 0.05 dB/cm and 2.62 m/s, respectively. Additionally, the simultaneous alignment between the fixtures is controllable with developed programs, thus generating very accurate information of the acoustic lens about the testing ultrasound transducer. In our instrument, the database could support users in managing the result data efficiently. User programs developed using LabVIEW provide the capability to obtain precise values of the attenuation coefficient and velocity, which represent the fundamental material characteristics of the acoustic lens of the medical ultrasound transducers. The developed review program of the customized database can also search the acoustic lens information and store the experimental results.

scholarly journals Assessment of Untreated Coffee Wastes for the Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Medium

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ilyasse Loulidi ◽  
Fatima Boukhlifi ◽  
Mbarka Ouchabi ◽  
Abdelouahed Amar ◽  
Maria Jabri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Coffee Grounds

Industrial discharges loaded with heavy metals present several problems for aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the potential of raw spent coffee grounds to remove chromium from an aqueous medium. A structural and textural study of coffee grounds was carried out by FTIR, XRD, and TGA analysis. The optimum conditions for the removal of Cr(VI), for a solution with an initial concentration of 100 mg/l, were adsorbent dose 2.5 g/l, pH 4.0, and contact time 90 min. The adsorption equilibrium results show that the Langmuir isotherm best describes the process with an adsorption capacity of 42.9 mg/g and that the adsorption kinetics follows the pseudosecond-order model. The calculated thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous. The activation energy value (Ea) indicated that the retention is physisorptive in nature. The regeneration of the adsorbent was carried out by three eluents, among which HCl was the best. Finally, a brief cost estimation showed the great potential of coffee grounds as a low-cost adsorbent.

scholarly journals On the Laser Doppler Velocimetry for Surface Rotation Measurements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Kucharski ◽  
Mateusz Musiałowski
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Capability Indices ◽  
Capability Evaluation ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
System Power ◽  
High Repeatability

The article aims to present the possible use of the simple modified optical training kit as a low-cost, simple setup for high precision surface speed measurements. A measurement capability evaluation of the optical Doppler kit used for velocimetry of a fast-rotating reflecting surface is presented. To get high repeatability measurements, we modified a fibre optic interferometry training kit. By using signal processing and statistics a precision under repeatability conditions of measurements was evaluated. Expressed by the standard deviations (3σ’s) the surface velocity measurements precision below 0.2 m/s is shown. The Cg’s capability indices were also evaluated. We postulate, the electric circuit stability of the measurement system power supply is essential for a signal noise reducing process for a wide range of metrology systems. It is crucial for precision measurements.

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