scholarly journals Toward Large-Scale Autonomous Marine Pollution Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Huber Flores ◽  
Naser Hossein Motlagh ◽  
Agustin Zuniga ◽  
Mohan Liyanage ◽  
Monica Passananti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Pollution Monitoring

Analytical Quality Control (AQC) For Monitoring Trace Metals in the Coastal and Estuarine Environment

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gardner ◽  
D T. E. Hunt ◽  
G. Topping
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Analytical Quality Control ◽  
Analytical Quality ◽  
Management Group ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Saline Waters

It is widely recognised that, unless special steps are taken, analytical results from a group of laboratories engaged in a monitoring programme are likely to be of poor comparability. This in turn can prejudice the conclusions drawn from the results of monitoring. On the basis of previous studies, the problem is known to be particularly acute for measurements of trace metals in saline waters. Recognising the difficulty, the Marine Pollution Monitoring Management Group (MPMMG) and the Water Research centre (WRc) have organised a programme of Analytical Quality Control (AQC). This has the objective of ensuring that analytical results for filterable cadmium and mercury in saline waters, obtained by water industry and other relevant laboratories, are of adequate accuracy and comparability for their intended uses. WRc is to coordinate a series of tests, some involving distributions of standards and samples, which the participating laboratories undertake; this series of tests, the background to the approach and some of the results obtained to date are described here.

A Strategy for Design of Marine Pollution Monitoring Studies

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Segar ◽  
E. Stamman
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Management Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Management Context ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Testing

Most historical marine pollution monitoring has proven useless in a management context. A strategy for development of effective marine pollution monitoring programs is outlined. This strategy is based on the following steps: 1) systematic evaluation of the management information needs, 2) identification of the hypothetical impacts associated with those management concerns, and 3) investigation of the feasibility of monitoring those effects such that the existence, or absence, of a specified level of effects can be established in a statistically-valid manner. There are two fundamentally different types of monitoring program: site-specific and regional. These two types of program differ markedly in scope and approach when designed through application of this strategy. The strategy requires development of null hypotheses which address management concerns and which are amenable to scientific testing. In order for the program to be successful, the null hypotheses selected for inclusion in a marine pollution monitoring program must address levels of effect which are predefined to be environmentally significant. The definition of environmentally significant effect levels is a difficult process which must be primarily the responsibility of the managerial community.

scholarly journals Assessing the Vulnerability of Marine Fisheries in China: Towards an Inter-Provincial Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Chen ◽  
Weiteng Shen ◽  
Bing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Marine Fisheries ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Adaptation Measures

China’s marine fisheries are undergoing large-scale environmental changes associated with climate change, marine pollution, and overfishing. The assessment of marine fisheries vulnerability has become extremely necessary for fisheries management and sustainable development. However, studies on China’s marine fisheries vulnerability remains sparse. This study aimed to provide an analysis of the inter-provincial level vulnerability of China’s marine fisheries under multiple disturbances. The vulnerability measure was composed of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity indicators specific to marine fisheries based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) definitions. Results showed that Liaoning, Hebei, Fujian, and Hainan provinces appeared to be the most vulnerable; Shanghai appeared to be less vulnerable among China’s 11 coastal provinces; and the key sources of vulnerability differed considerably among coastal regions. The high vulnerability regions could be divided into two different patterns according to the combination of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, but they all had one thing in common: relatively low adaptive capacity. While some existing coercive measures to reduce dependence on fisheries were found to be helpful in China, the reality showed that appropriate adaptation measures such as improving fishermen’s education level and increasing vocational training may be helpful in enhancing the existing policy effectiveness.

Testbed Implementation of a Pollution Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Network for the Protection of Public Spaces

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siuli Roy ◽  
Anurag D ◽  
Somprakash Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Consumption Rates

Air pollution is an important environmental issue that has a direct effect on human health and ecological balance. Factories, power plants, vehicles, windblown dust and wildfires are some of the contributors of to pollution. Reasonable simulation tools exist for evaluating large scale sensor networks, ; however, they fail to capture significant details of node operation or practical aspects of wireless communication. Real life testbeds, capture the realism and bring out important aspects for further research. In this paper, we present an implementation of a wireless sensor network testbed for automatic and real-time monitoring of environmental pollution for the protection of public spaces. The paper describes the physical setup, the sensor node hardware and software architecture for “anytime, anywhere” monitoring and management of pollution data through a single, Web-based graphical user interface. The paper presents practical issues in the integration of sensors, actual power consumption rates and develops a practical hierarchical routing methodology.

Design Considerations for Strategic Autonomous Underwater Swarm Robotic Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Narayanaswamy Vedachalam ◽  
Raju Ramesh ◽  
Vandavasi Bala Naga Jyothi ◽  
Vittal Doss Prakash ◽  
Gidugu Ananda Ramadass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Communication Intervention ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
Swarm Algorithms ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractAutonomous underwater swarm robotic systems (AU-SRS) are vital for exploration of the vast marine resources, spatio-temporal monitoring of the oceans for understanding the changing climate patterns, marine pollution monitoring, defense, and identification of assets lost in the oceans. The paper summarizes the technological developments in the autonomous underwater vehicles hitherto and discusses the design requirements for next-generation intelligent AU-SRS including intra-vehicle intelligence, inter-vehicle communication, intervention capability, swarm algorithms, and bio-inspired designs. The importance of quality-centered system engineering is also detailed.

ACCIDENTAL MARINE OIL POLLUTION: FRENCH POLICY AND RESPONSE

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Author(s):  
Alain Beraud ◽  
Jean-Claude Sainlos
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
State Authority ◽  
Technical Measures

ABSTRACT To avoid large-scale marine oil pollution, France took certain legal and technical measures to protect its coastline and to implement an organization specifically to respond to oil slicks. These measures emphasize the prevention of accidents. They entail, on one hand, a legal basis integrated with international maritime regulations, and, on the other, methods for surveillance of navigation and for intervention. The organization for marine pollution control distinguishes pollution at sea from pollution on land and allocates responsibilities accordingly. On the local level, unity of action is based on the competences of the two authorities who have state authority for civilian action, at sea for one, and on land for the other (the “Préfet Maritime” at sea and the “Commissaire de la République du Département” on land).

COMPARISON OF HYDROCARBONS IN BENTHIC FISH FROM COAL OIL POINT AND TANNER BANK, CALIFORNIA

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 573-577
Author(s):  
Steven S. Rossi ◽  
George W. Rommel ◽  
Andrew A. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Biogenic Components ◽  
Gravid Females

ABSTRACT Hydrocarbons of rockfish (Sebastes sp.), sanddab (Citharichthys sp.), and sole (Lyopsetta sp.) were analyzed by high resolution glass-capillary gas chromatography, following saponification in methanolic-KOH, extraction by n-hexane, and separation via liquid chromatography. The fish contained a wide range of hydrocarbons, with total concentrations varying from less than 10 µg/g dry weight to values exceeding 100 µg/g DW. Some differences between species were noted: levels of biogenic constituents decreased in the order—sanddab>rockfish>slender sole. Fish collected during the summer exhibited hydrocarbon profiles similar to those taken during winter. Gravid females were characterized by somewhat higher levels of hydrocarbons. Subtle differences were observed between fish collected near Coal Oil Point, a region of intense natural petroleum influx, and Tanner Bank, an area some 140 km offshore. Mean concentrations of hydrocarbons were elevated in COP fish (53.2 ± 38 µg/g), and many samples demonstrated characteristics of petroleum contamination. These characteristics were not accentuated in gravid females. Animals from Tanner Bank contained lesser amounts of hydrocarbons (x = 27.2 ± 15), with biogenic components often predominating over those of petroleum origin. Most fishes from both areas exhibited unresolved complex mixture (UCM) hydrocarbons. These data, in combination with the absence of petrogenic characteristics among resolvable hydrocarbons, suggest that samples were contaminated by low levels of weathered petroleum. The most abundant hydrocarbon was squalene, which was present in every sample. Synthetic chemicals such as p′, p′-DDE, poly chlorinated biphenyls, and plasticizers were present in nearly all fish samples, indicating the ubiquity of these compounds throughout the continental shelf biosphere. The relevance of these findings to marine pollution monitoring strategies is briefly discussed.

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