Characterization of Human Body Forward Path Loss and Variability Effects in Voltage-Mode HBC

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shovan Maity ◽  
Kavian Mojabe ◽  
Shreyas Sen
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Voltage Mode ◽  
Forward Path

Wireless Implant Communications Using the Human Body

2019 ◽  
pp. 1153-1171
Author(s):  
Assefa K. Teshome ◽  
Behailu Kibret ◽  
Daniel T. H. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Electromagnetic Model ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Isotropic Radiation

This chapter first examines a new analytical electromagnetic model that uses galvanically coupled intrabody communication (IBC). Frequencies ranging from hundreds of kHz up to a few MHz are considered under quasi-static assumptions. The model is unified in the sense that it can be applied to any part of the body (i.e., head, torso, limbs, etc.). It also describes influences of tissue property and geometry of the body part. The security and low power consumption of IBC are also apparent in this model. The path loss characterization of IBC implants shows lower values compared to their MICS counterparts. In addition, the chapter also elaborates on the use of human body as antenna. A scenario where an RF current is fed by a tiny toriodal inductor clamped around tissues in the ankle is studied. The frequency range of 1-70 MHz is considered. Theoretical results show that the system has a maximum gain of - 25 dB between 20 to 40 MHz, assuming an isotropic radiation from human body. For improved performance, mitigation techniques for losses are also discussed.

Path Loss Model in Crowded Outdoor Environments Considering Multiple Human Body Shadowing of Multipath at 4.7GHz and 26.4GHz

2019 ◽  
Vol E102.B (8) ◽  
pp. 1676-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuki NAKAMURA ◽  
Motoharu SASAKI ◽  
Wataru YAMADA ◽  
Naoki KITA ◽  
Takeshi ONIZAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Loss Model ◽  
Path Loss Model ◽  
Outdoor Environments

scholarly journals Spatial characterization of propagation channels for terahertz band

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Aghoutane ◽  
Mohammed El Ghzaoui ◽  
Hanan El Faylali
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Terahertz Band ◽  
Indoor Scenarios ◽  
Transmission Windows ◽  
Sv Channel

AbstractThe aim of this work consists in characterizing the Terahertz (THz) propagation channel in an indoor environment, in order to propose a channel model for THz bands. We first described a propagation loss model by taking into account the attenuation of the channel as a function of distance and frequency. The impulse response of the channel is then described by a set of rays, characterized by their amplitude, their delay and their phase. Apart from the frequency selective nature, path loss in THz band is also an others issue associated with THz communication systems. This work based on the conventional Saleh-Valenzuela (SV) model which is intended for indoor scenarios. In this paper, we have introduced random variables as Line of sight (LOS) component, and then merging it with the SV channel model to adopt it to the THz context. From simulation, we noted an important effect when the distance between the transmitter and the receiver change. This effect produces variations in frequency loss. The simulations carried out from this model show that to enhance the performance of THz system it is recommended to transmit information over transmission windows instead over the whole band.

scholarly journals Deterministic and Empirical Approach for Millimeter-Wave Complex Outdoor Smart Parking Solution Deployments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4112
Author(s):  
Fidel Alejandro Rodríguez-Corbo ◽  
Leyre Azpilicueta ◽  
Mikel Celaya-Echarri ◽  
Peio Lopez-Iturri ◽  
Ana V. Alejos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Scale Parameters ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Wireless Communications Systems

The characterization of different vegetation/vehicle densities and their corresponding effects on large-scale channel parameters such as path loss can provide important information during the deployment of wireless communications systems under outdoor conditions. In this work, a deterministic analysis based on ray-launching (RL) simulation and empirical measurements for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications for outdoor parking environments and smart parking solutions is presented. The study was carried out at a frequency of 28 GHz using directional antennas, with the transmitter raised above ground level under realistic use case conditions. Different radio channel impairments were weighed in, considering the progressive effect of first, the density of an incremental obstructed barrier of trees, and the effect of different parked vehicle densities within the parking lot. On the basis of these scenarios, large-scale parameters and temporal dispersion characteristics were obtained, and the effect of vegetation/vehicle density changes was assessed. The characterization of propagation impairments that different vegetation/vehicle densities can impose onto the wireless radio channel in the millimeter frequency range was performed. Finally, the results obtained in this research can aid communication deployment in outdoor parking conditions.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Human Body Trace Elements Substituted Hydroxyapatite for a Bioactive Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 6540-6544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shitao Song ◽  
Suxia Wu ◽  
Qi Lian ◽  
Youshun Peng ◽  
Xuefang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Bioactive Material

scholarly journals Characterization of Wearable and Implanted Antennas: Test Procedure and Range Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Berkelmann ◽  
Dirk Manteuffel
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Range ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Test Zone ◽  
Path Loss Measurements

A method for measuring de-embedded antenna parameters of wearable and implanted antennas for on-body communications is presented. It consists of a tapered flat phantom in order to characterize an antenna’s general ability to excite surface waves travelling along the boundary between body tissue and free space expressed by an angular on-body antenna gain. The design offers a test zone large enough for most typical Wireless Body Area Network devices up to smartphone-size while minimizing the required amount of tissue-simulating material. The designed antenna test range is validated in the 2.4 GHz ISM-band. In order to showcase the applicability to a realistic application, different designs of antennas integrated into an implanted pacemaker are characterized by their on-body gain patterns. A comparison of their performance in in-situ path-loss measurements reveals a clear relation to the on-body gain patterns and indicates that this parameter is a suitable measure for enabling educated antenna design for on-body applications.<br>

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