The basic engineering design of large-scale factory for culture of seaweeds aimed at water purification in coastal sea area

With the advent of the big-data era, massive information stored in electronic and digital forms on the internet become valuable resources for knowledge discovery in engineering design. Traditional document retrieval method based on document indexing focuses on retrieving individual documents related to the query, but is incapable of discovering the various associations between individual knowledge concepts. Ontology-based technologies, which can extract the inherent relationships between concepts by using advanced text mining tools, can be applied to improve design information retrieval in the large-scale unstructured textual data environment. However, few of the public available ontology database stands on a design and engineering perspective to establish the relations between knowledge concepts. This paper develops a “WordNet” focusing on design and engineering associations by integrating the text mining approaches to construct an unsupervised learning ontology network. Subsequent probability and velocity network analysis are applied with different statistical behaviors to evaluate the correlation degree between concepts for design information retrieval. The validation results show that the probability and velocity analysis on our constructed ontology network can help recognize the high related complex design and engineering associations between elements. Finally, an engineering design case study demonstrates the use of our constructed semantic network in real-world project for design relations retrieval.

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Large-scale Research on Engineering Design in Secondary Classrooms: Big Learner Data Using Energy3D Computer-Aided Design

10.18260/p.24391 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Senay Purzer ◽

Robin Adams ◽

Molly Goldstein ◽

K. Douglas

Keyword(s):

Engineering Design ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Large Scale ◽

Secondary Classrooms ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Aided Design

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Quantification of water purification in South African palmiet wetlands

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2018.389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 1199-1207

Author(s):

Alanna J. Rebelo ◽

Willem-Jan Emsens ◽

Karen J. Esler ◽

Patrick Meire

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Water Purification ◽

Large Scale ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Catchment Scale ◽

Valley Bottom ◽

Major Cations ◽

Dissolved Silicon ◽

Wetland Processes

Abstract Despite the importance of water purification to society, it is one of the more difficult wetland ecosystem services to quantify. It remains an issue in ecosystem service assessments where rapid estimates are needed, and poor-quality indicators are overused. We attempted to quantify the water purification service of South African palmiet wetlands (valley-bottom peatlands highly threatened by agriculture). First, we used an instantaneous catchment-scale mass balance sampling approach, which compared the fate of various water quality parameters over degraded and pristine sections of palmiet wetlands. We found that pristine palmiet wetlands acted as a sink for water, major cations, anions, dissolved silicon and nutrients, though there was relatively high variation in these trends. There are important limitations to this catchment-scale approach, including the fact that at this large scale there are multiple mechanisms (internal wetland processes as well as external inputs) at work that are impossible to untangle with limited data. Therefore, secondly, we performed a small field-scale field survey of a wetland fragment to corroborate the catchment-scale results. There was a reasonable level of agreement between the results of the two techniques. We conclude that it appears possible to estimate the water purification function of these valley-bottom wetlands using this catchment-scale approach.

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The relationship between source supply and mixed deposition of siliciclastic and carbonate: First to second member of the Shahejie Formation, Paleogene, Bohai Sea area, China

Interpretation ◽

10.1190/int-2020-0182.1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

Wei Xu ◽

Zhengyu Li ◽

Huiyong Li ◽

Can Zhang ◽

Meng Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Bohai Sea ◽

Source Area ◽

Carbonate Sediments ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Strong Source ◽

Shahejie Formation ◽

Mixed Sediments ◽

Sea Area ◽

Buried Hill

There are various types of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments developed in the Bohai Sea area during the period of the first to second member of the Shahejie Formation (E2s1-2) of the Paleocene. We have concluded that the period of E2s1-2 was very suitable for the development of carbonate minerals and organisms because of the stable tectonic background, the weak siliciclastic influence of large source systems outside the basin, and the high salinity of the water. There were many local uplifts inside the basin during E2s1-2, and the source area, supply direction, and quantity of the local provenance varied greatly. We summarized that the mixed sediments generally developed in the intermittent and stagnant periods of the source supply, or on the flank or distal end of the source supply direction due to the absence of direct interference of terrigenous clasts. To a large extent, the formation of different types of mixed deposits is controlled by the different spatiotemporal relationship with siliciclastic supply. The background of strong source supply led to the formation of large-scale mixed deposits that were mainly composed of terrigenous clasts. Mixed deposits are mainly composed of organisms and carbonate with relatively large depositional thickness formed on the flank of source supply in the steep slope area. On the flank of source supply in the gentle slope belt, thinner mixed deposits with terrigenous clasts mainly formed and thin-layer carbonate clastic-dominated deposits formed on abandoned deltas. On the uplift of the buried hill far away from the provenance, thick mixed deposits mainly composed of bioclastic were formed whereas fine-grained mixed deposits formed under the low-energy argillaceous background.

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Igneous activity in central-southern Italy: Is the subduction paradigm still valid?

In the Footsteps of Warren B. Hamilton: New Ideas in Earth Science ◽

10.1130/2021.2553(28) ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Michele Lustrino ◽

Claudio Chiarabba ◽

Eugenio Carminati

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Oceanic Lithosphere ◽

Tyrrhenian Sea ◽

Calc Alkaline ◽

Quaternary Volcanism ◽

High K ◽

Igneous Activity ◽

Lateral Extent ◽

Subduction System ◽

Sea Area

ABSTRACT The Pliocene–Quaternary igneous record of the Tyrrhenian Sea area features a surprisingly large range of compositions from subalkaline to ultra-alkaline and from ultrabasic to acid. These rocks, emplaced within the basin and along its margins, are characterized by strongly SiO2-undersaturated and CaO-rich to strongly SiO2-oversaturated and peraluminous compositions, with sodic to ultrapotassic alkaline and tholeiitic to calc-alkaline and high-K calc-alkaline affinities. We focused on the different models proposed to explain the famous Roman Comagmatic Region, part of the Quaternary volcanism that spreads along the eastern side of the Tyrrhenian area, in the stretched part of the Apennines thrust-and-fold belt. We reviewed data and hypotheses proposed in the literature that infer active to fossil subduction up to models that exclude subduction entirely. Many field geology observations sustain the interpretation that the evolution of the Tyrrhenian-Apennine system was related to subduction of the western margin of Adria continental lithosphere after minor recycling of oceanic lithosphere. However, the lateral extent of the subducting slab in the last millions of years, when magmatism flared up, remains debatable. The igneous activity that developed in the last millions of years along the Tyrrhenian margin is here explained as originating from a subduction-modified mantle, regardless of whether the large-scale subduction system is still active.

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Atmospheric circulation changes and their impact on extreme sea levels around Australia

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-19-1067-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1067-1086 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Frank Colberg ◽

Kathleen L. McInnes ◽

Julian O'Grady ◽

Ron Hoeke

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Large Scale ◽

Climate Models ◽

Tide Gauge ◽

Austral Summer ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

Sea Level Variability ◽

Sea Levels ◽

Extreme Sea Levels ◽

Coastal Sea

Abstract. Projections of sea level rise (SLR) will lead to increasing coastal impacts during extreme sea level events globally; however, there is significant uncertainty around short-term coastal sea level variability and the attendant frequency and severity of extreme sea level events. In this study, we investigate drivers of coastal sea level variability (including extremes) around Australia by means of historical conditions as well as future changes under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario (RCP 8.5). To do this, a multi-decade hindcast simulation is validated against tide gauge data. The role of tide–surge interaction is assessed and found to have negligible effects on storm surge characteristic heights over most of the coastline. For future projections, 20-year-long simulations are carried out over the time periods 1981–1999 and 2081–2099 using atmospheric forcing from four CMIP5 climate models. Changes in extreme sea levels are apparent, but there are large inter-model differences. On the southern mainland coast all models simulated a southward movement of the subtropical ridge which led to a small reduction in sea level extremes in the hydrodynamic simulations. Sea level changes over the Gulf of Carpentaria in the north are largest and positive during austral summer in two out of the four models. In these models, changes to the northwest monsoon appear to be the cause of the sea level response. These simulations highlight a sensitivity of this semi-enclosed gulf to changes in large-scale dynamics in this region and indicate that further assessment of the potential changes to the northwest monsoon in a larger multi-model ensemble should be investigated, together with the northwest monsoon's effect on extreme sea levels.

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A Case Study of Subtropical Frontogenesis during a Blocking Event

Monthly Weather Review ◽

10.1175/mwr3412.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 135 (7) ◽

pp. 2588-2609 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

George Tai-Jen Chen ◽

Chung-Chieh Wang ◽

An-Hsiang Wang

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Frontal Zone ◽

Southern China ◽

Sensible Heat Flux ◽

Northern China ◽

Sensible Heat ◽

Surface Data ◽

Sea Area ◽

Blocking Event

Abstract During 8–14 June 2000, a 500-hPa blocking event occurred over Mongolia and northern China (near 45°N, 108°E), which was the only case over this region in June since 1981. As the block developed, the initially weak low-level mei-yu front over southern China evolved into a system with strong baroclinity and subsequently moved south. The frontal passage over Taiwan caused temperatures to drop by 10°C, the largest in June over two decades. Using gridded analyses, manually analyzed weather maps, and satellite and surface data, the present study investigates the evolution of this mei-yu front under the influence of the block. The 925-hPa frontogenetical function is computed and effects of different processes are discussed. As the blocking event developed, concurrent ridge–trough amplification in the lower–midtroposphere produced a reversed thermal pattern. The lower-tropospheric high moved southward, and large-scale confluence and deformation were enhanced between the northerly flow and the prefrontal southwesterly flow. The location of the block, to the west-southwest of the Okhotsk Sea area, allowed it to affect the front over southern China and caused it to penetrate inside 20°N, unusual for the month of June. The distribution of the frontogenetical function indicated that the mei-yu frontogenesis and the maintenance of the front were attributed to both deformation and convergence. These two processes together counteracted the strong frontolysis along the frontal zone from diabatic effects, caused by evaporative cooling of frontal precipitation on the warm side and stronger sensible heat transfer (and daytime heating over less cloudy areas) on the cold side of the front. When deformation, convergence, and diabatic effects were all combined, the net total frontogenesis peaked slightly ahead of the frontal zone, thus contributing to the southward propagation of the front in addition to the advection by postfrontal cold air in the present case. When the front moved into the South China Sea, the cross-frontal thermal gradient diminished rapidly, mainly due to the frontolytic effect from sensible heat flux over warm waters.

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Aerospace Simulation and Human Performance Research

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1177/001872086700900207 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 149-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

William B. Knowles

Keyword(s):

Engineering Design ◽

Systems Engineering ◽

Large Scale ◽

Human Performance ◽

Experiment Planning ◽

Considerable Potential ◽

Basic Characteristics ◽

The Many ◽

Performance Research

The many large-scale aerospace simulation facilities now available offer considerable potential for the generation of data on human performance that can be used in systems engineering design efforts. To realize this potential requires an understanding of the methodological limitations imposed by the basic characteristics of human performance, the application of efficient organizational techniques, and the development of more efficient techniques of experiment planning, design, and execution.

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