The Modeling of HVDC Circuit Breakers for Small Time-step Real-time Simulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Peng ◽  
Feng Ji ◽  
Xiang Cui ◽  
Lu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Small Time ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Small Time Step

Physically Based Animation of Fluid Movement in a Periodic Domain

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 395-399
Author(s):  
Pei Yu Qin ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Zhi Li Hu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Fluid Movement ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Advection Term ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Animation ◽  
Animation Technique

A physically based approach for simulating fluid movement is proposed. Realistic animation and real time simulation are two objectives. Traditional animation technique can obtain virtual movement, but it has difficulty for realistic movement. Compared with the traditional animation technique, physically based animation can represent realistic movement better. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are used in our model, and the operator splitting method including semi-Lagrangian scheme and fast Fourier transform is employed to split the model into external force term, advection term, diffusion term and projection term. Every step is stable , so the whole process is also stable. Thus, the big time step can be taken to ensure real time simulation. Compared with the traditional technique, this method can be taken for realistic animation and real time simulation of fluid movement in computer graphics applications.

Robust Modelling Using Bi-Lateral Delay Lines for Real Time and Faster Than Real Time System Simulation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Krus
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
System Simulation ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Delay Lines ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Distributed Modelling ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Real Time Applications

A very suitable method for modelling and simulation of large complex dynamic systems is represented by distributed modelling using transmission line elements (or bi-lateral delay lines). This method evolves naturally for calculation of pressures when hydraulic pipelines are modelled with distributed parameters. It is also applicable to other physical systems, such as mechanical, electrical, gas etc. One interesting application for distributed solvers using bi-lateral delay lines is in real time simulation. Modelling for real-time applications puts special requirements on robustness in the numerical methods used. In real-time applications there is no room for decreasing time step in numerically critical stages. Furthermore, if a system is relaying on a real-time simulation for its functionality, failure in the numerical properties is unacceptable. It is also in many applications possible to simulate the system faster than real time, which means that high fidelity system simulation can be used to plan ahead in control applications, and for simulation based optimisation.

scholarly journals System Level Real-Time Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of MMCs

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3046
Author(s):  
Michele Difronzo ◽  
Md Multan Biswas ◽  
Matthew Milton ◽  
Herbert L. Ginn ◽  
Andrea Benigni
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
System Level ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Multilevel Converters ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Switching Models ◽  
Modular Multilevel Converters ◽  
Level Analysis

In this paper we present an approach for real-time simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) that rely on switching models while supporting system level analysis. Using the Latency Based Linear Multistep Compound (LB-LMC) approach, we achieved a 50 ns simulation time step for systems composed of several MMC converters and for converters of various complexity. To facilitate system level testing, we introduce the use of a serial communication-based (Aurora) interface for HIL testing of MMC converters and we analyzed the effect that communication latency has on the accuracy of the HIL test. The simulation and HIL results are validated against an MMC laboratory prototype.

scholarly journals Ramping of Demand Response Event with Deploying Distinct Programs by an Aggregator

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Abrishambaf ◽  
Pedro Faria ◽  
Zita Vale
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Small Time ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Resistive Loads ◽  
Demand Response Programs

System operators have moved towards the integration of renewable resources. However, these resources make network management unstable as they have variations in produced energy. Thus, some strategic plans, like demand response programs, are required to overcome these concerns. This paper develops an aggregator model with a precise vision of the demand response timeline. The model at first discusses the role of an aggregator, and thereafter is presented an innovative approach to how the aggregator deals with short and real-time demand response programs. A case study is developed for the model using real-time simulator and laboratory resources to survey the performance of the model under practical challenges. The real-time simulation uses an OP5600 machine that controls six laboratory resistive loads. Furthermore, the actual consumption profiles are adapted from the loads with a small-time step to precisely survey the behavior of each load. Also, remuneration costs of the event during the case study have been calculated and compared using both actual and simulated demand reduction profiles in the periods prior to event, such as the ramp period.

scholarly journals Hardware in the Loop Real-Time Simulation for the Associated Discrete Circuit Modeling Optimization Method of Power Converters

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xizheng Guo ◽  
Jiaqi Yuan ◽  
Yiguo Tang ◽  
Xiaojie You
Keyword(s):  
Power Electronics ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Resource Optimization ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation

Due to the complicated circuit topology and high switching frequency, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) can stand up to the challenges for the hardware in the loop (HIL) real-time simulation of power electronics converters. The Associated Discrete Circuit (ADC) modeling method, which has a fixed admittance matrix, greatly reduces the computation cost for FPGA. However, the oscillations introduced by the switch-equivalent model reduces the simulation accuracy. In this paper, firstly, a novel algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal discrete-time switch admittance parameter, Gs, which is obtained by minimizing the switching loss. Secondly, the FPGA resource optimization method, in which the simulation time step, bit-length, and model precision are taken into consideration, is presented when the power electronics converter is implemented in FPGA. Finally, the above method is validated on the topology of a three-phase inverter with LC filters. The HIL simulation and practicality experiments verify the effect of FPGA resource optimization and the validity of the ADC modeling method, respectively.

Real-Time Simulation of Flexible Multibody Models

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Multibody Simulation ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Joint Forces ◽  
Rigid Model ◽  
Modal Coordinates ◽  
Flexible Model

This paper will look at how to include flexible modes into a real-time multibody simulation. The approach proposed in this paper is to divide the equations into two separate systems: rigid and flexible, which are then co-simulated by two separate integrators. After the flexible equations are integrated at each time step the modal coordinates are used to update the joint and force attachment locations in the rigid model then the joint forces from the rigid model are fed to the flexible model. This approach essentially means a new rigid model is solved at each time step. The use of a co-simulation approach will also allow separate processors to be used for the flexible and rigid equations.

Real-Time Simulation and Visualization Architecture With Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Simulator

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Karkee ◽  
Madhu Monga ◽  
Brian L. Steward ◽  
Joseph Zambreno ◽  
Atul G. Kelkar
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Road Vehicle ◽  
Real Time Simulation ◽  
Vehicle System ◽  
Time Simulation ◽  
Field Programmable

Real-time simulation of dynamic vehicle system models is essential to facilitate advances in operator and hardware in the loop simulation and virtual prototyping. Real-time virtual reality-based simulation enables users to visualize and perceive the effect of their actions during the simulation. As model complexity is increased to improve the model fidelity, the computational requirements will also increase, thus increasing the challenge to meet real-time constraints. A distributed simulator architecture was developed for off-road vehicle dynamic models and 3D graphics visualization to distribute the overall computational load across multiple computational platforms. This architecture consisted of three major components: a dynamic model simulator, a virtual reality simulator, and an interface to controller and input hardware devices. The dynamic model simulator component was developed using Matlab/Simulink Real Time Workshop on a PC and also using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), which offered a highly parallel hardware platform. The simulator architecture reduced the computational load to an individual platform and increased the real-time simulation capability with complex off-road vehicle system models and controllers. The architecture was used to develop, simulate and visualize a tractor and towed implement steering dynamics model. The model also included a steering valve subsystem which contained very high frequency hydraulic dynamics and required 10 μs integration time step for numerical stability. The real-time simulation goal was not achievable for the model with this level of complexity when the PC-based simulator was used. However, the FPGA-based simulator achieved a real-time goal taking only 2 μs to complete one integration time step.

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