A realised control system for a hybrid system consisting of a PV-plant and steam engine with combined heat and power

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Brinkmann ◽  
M. Viedenz
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Steam Engine

Model of a small steam engine for renewable domestic CHP (combined heat and power) system

Energy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ferrara ◽  
G. Manfrida ◽  
A. Pescioni
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Steam Engine

Active/Passive Hybrid Control System for Compressor Surge Based on Fuzzy Logic

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlin Sheng ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Tianhong Zhang ◽  
Xianghua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Control System ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Compressor Surge ◽  
Surge Line ◽  
Hybrid Control System

A hybrid control system has been proposed for compressor surge, which combines the active method with the passive method. A bleed valve was selected as the actuator in the proposed system. As a submode of the hybrid system, a fuzzy logic based active controller was designed to extend the stability operating range of the compressor. Meanwhile, a surge avoidance controller was used as a backup-mode to improve the safety performance of the system. The simulation results showed that the compressor can operate steadily outside the surge line under active control mode and can be dragged back to inside the surge line by the passive control mode when the alternative fails. One advantage of the proposed control system is that it does not need a model of the compressor, and it works on any compression system. Passive surge control is a reliable and widely applied method in industrial compressors. The hybrid system makes the active control approach closer to the industrial implementation.

scholarly journals Control Design for a Bottoming Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Hybrid System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Mueller ◽  
Faryar Jabbari ◽  
Jacob Brouwer ◽  
Rory Roberts ◽  
Tobias Junker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
System Control ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Transient Load ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Wide Range

A bottoming 275 kilowatt planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) gas turbine (GT) hybrid system control approach has been conceptualized and designed. Based on previously published modeling techniques, a dynamic model is developed that captures the physics sufficient for dynamic simulation of all processes that affect the system with time scales greater than ten milliseconds. The dynamic model was used to make system design improvements to enable the system to operate dynamically over a wide range of power output (15 to 100% power). The wide range of operation was possible by burning supplementary fuel in the combustor and operating the turbine at variable speed for improved thermal management. The dynamic model was employed to design a control strategy for the system. Analyses of the relative gain array (RGA) of the system at several operating points gave insight into input/output (I/O) pairing for decentralized control. Particularly, the analyses indicate that for SOFC/GT hybrid plants that use voltage as a controlled variable it is beneficial to control system power by manipulating fuel cell current and to control fuel cell voltage by manipulating the anode fuel flowrate. To control the stack temperature during transient load changes, a cascade control structure is employed in which a fast inner loop that maintains the GT shaft speed receives its setpoint from a slower outer loop that maintains the stack temperature. Fuel can be added to the combustor to maintain the turbine inlet temperature for the lower operating power conditions. To maintain fuel utilization and to prevent fuel starvation in the fuel cell, fuel is supplied to the fuel cell proportionally to the stack current. In addition, voltage is used as an indicator of varying fuel concentrations allowing the fuel flow to be adjusted accordingly. Using voltage as a sensor is shown to be a potential solution to making SOFC systems robust to varying fuel compositions. The simulation tool proved effective for fuel cell/GT hybrid system control system development. The resulting SOFC/GT system control approach is shown to have transient load-following capability over a wide range of power, ambient temperature, and fuel concentration variations.

Automatic Transmission Control System Developed for Toyota Mild Hybrid System (THS-M)

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Tomomatsu ◽  
Yoshikazu Tanaka ◽  
Katsumi Nakatani ◽  
Tadasu Tomohiro ◽  
Tooru Matsubara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Transmission Control ◽  
Mild Hybrid

Comparisons of Thermodynamic Performance of Three Types of Air-Conditioning Systems Under Ideal Processing Procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donggen Peng ◽  
Danting Luo ◽  
Yuting Fu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Independent Control ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract As the substitution of the traditional heat pump system, the heat pump driven liquid dehumidification hybrid system and the temperature-humidity independent control system have great application potentials. In this paper, the ideal reversible processes of the three types of systems are built theoretically with their mathematical models, in order to compare their maximum coefficients of performance COPs. The results show that the COP1 of the ideal heat pump driven liquid dehumidification hybrid system is the maximum and the COP2 of the temperature-humidity independent control system is the minimum with the COP3 of the heat pump system falling between both. The COP1 increases by 100% with an increase in the indoor design temperature and relative humidity while the COP1 decreases with the increase in the ambient temperature and relative humidity. The COP2 of the temperature-humidity independent control system can be affected more significantly by supply air temperature difference and angle scale. In an ideal heat pump system, low-grade heat source utilized to reheat the processed air is a superior choice. The study results in this paper have guiding significance for the selection of three types of systems in practical applications.

Demonstration of Simultaneous Temperature and Power Control in a Simulation Facility for a SOFC Hybrid System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Caratozzolo ◽  
Mario L. Ferrari ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Aristide F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Time Model ◽  
The University

This study is based on a complete hybrid system emulator test rig developed at the University of Genoa (Savona laboratory) by the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG). The plant is mainly composed of a 100 kW recuperated micro gas turbine coupled with both anodic and cathodic vessels for high temperature fuel cell emulation. The test rig was recently equipped with a real-time model for emulating components not physically present in the laboratory (SOFC block, reformer, anodic circuit, off-gas burner, cathodic blower). This model is used to fully evaluate thermodynamic and electrochemical performance related to solid oxide fuel cell systems. Using a UDP based connection with the test rig control and acquisition software, it generates a real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) facility for hybrid system emulation. Temperature, pressure and air mass flow rate at the recuperator outlet (downstream of the compressor) and rotational speed of the machine are inputs from the plant to the model. The turbine outlet temperature (TOT) calculated by the model is fed into the machine control system and the turbine electric load is moved to match the model TOT values. In this study various tests were carried out to characterize the interaction between the experimental plant and the real-time model; double step and double ramp tests of current and fuel provided the dynamic response of the system. The control system proved to be fast, compared to the slow thermal response of the SOFC stack, and also reliable. The hybrid systems operated at 90% of nominal power with electrical efficiency of about 56% based on natural gas LHV.

On Hybrid Control System Methods for Traffic and Transportation System

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1438-1442
Author(s):  
Xue Lei Meng ◽  
Li Min Jia ◽  
Yong Qin ◽  
Jie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
The Future ◽  
Discrete Part ◽  
Hybrid Control System

Hybrid system is a whole system in which the discrete part and continual part interact each other. It discusses the definition and the character of the hybrid systems. Then the hybrid characters of the traffic and transportation system is described. It sums up the hybrid system methods of studying transportation system, points out the shortcomings of the current studying methods and forecasts the future studying fields and methods.

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