DeepVolume: Brain Structure and Spatial Connection-Aware Network for Brain MRI Super-Resolution

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeju Li ◽  
Jinhua Yu ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Hanzhang Zhou ◽  
Haowei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Super Resolution

scholarly journals Brain MRI and cognitive function seven years after surviving an episode of severe acute malnutrition in a cohort of Malawian children

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1406-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Lelijveld ◽  
Alhaji A Jalloh ◽  
Samuel D Kampondeni ◽  
Andrew Seal ◽  
Jonathan C Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractObjectiveTo assess differences in cognition functions and gross brain structure in children seven years after an episode of severe acute malnutrition (SAM), compared with other Malawian children.DesignProspective longitudinal cohort assessing school grade achieved and results of five computer-based (CANTAB) tests, covering three cognitive domains. A subset underwent brain MRI scans which were reviewed using a standardized checklist of gross abnormalities and compared with a reference population of Malawian children.SettingBlantyre, Malawi.ParticipantsChildren discharged from SAM treatment in 2006 and 2007 (n 320; median age 9·3 years) were compared with controls: siblings closest in age to the SAM survivors and age/sex-matched community children.ResultsSAM survivors were significantly more likely to be in a lower grade at school than controls (adjusted OR = 0·4; 95 % CI 0·3, 0·6; P < 0·0001) and had consistently poorer scores in all CANTAB cognitive tests. Adjusting for HIV and socio-economic status diminished statistically significant differences. There were no significant differences in odds of brain abnormalities and sinusitis between SAM survivors (n 49) and reference children (OR = 1·11; 95 % CI 0·61, 2·03; P = 0·73).ConclusionsDespite apparent preservation in gross brain structure, persistent impaired school achievement is likely to be detrimental to individual attainment and economic well-being. Understanding the multifactorial causes of lower school achievement is therefore needed to design interventions for SAM survivors to thrive in adulthood. The cognitive and potential economic implications of SAM need further emphasis to better advocate for SAM prevention and early treatment.

scholarly journals Cortical thickness and surface area correlates with cognitive dysfunction among first-episode psychosis patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2145-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Haring ◽  
A. Müürsepp ◽  
R. Mõttus ◽  
P. Ilves ◽  
K. Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Episode Psychosis

BackgroundIn studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), some have reported specific brain structure–function relationships among first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, but findings are inconsistent. We aimed to localize the brain regions where cortical thickness (CTh) and surface area (cortical area; CA) relate to neurocognition, by performing an MRI on participants and measuring their neurocognitive performance using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), in order to investigate any significant differences between FEP patients and control subjects (CS).MethodExploration of potential correlations between specific cognitive functions and brain structure was performed using CANTAB computer-based neurocognitive testing and a vertex-by-vertex whole-brain MRI analysis of 63 FEP patients and 30 CS.ResultsSignificant correlations were found between cortical parameters in the frontal, temporal, cingular and occipital brain regions and performance in set-shifting, working memory manipulation, strategy usage and sustained attention tests. These correlations were significantly dissimilar between FEP patients and CS.ConclusionsSignificant correlations between CTh and CA with neurocognitive performance were localized in brain areas known to be involved in cognition. The results also suggested a disrupted structure–function relationship in FEP patients compared with CS.

scholarly journals Altered Cortical Brain Structure and Increased Risk for Disease Seen Decades After Perinatal Exposure to Maternal Smoking: A Study of 9000 Adults in the UK Biobank

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 5217-5233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E Salminen ◽  
Rand R Wilcox ◽  
Alyssa H Zhu ◽  
Brandalyn C Riedel ◽  
Christopher R K Ching ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Sensory Cortices ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Secondhand smoke exposure is a major public health risk that is especially harmful to the developing brain, but it is unclear if early exposure affects brain structure during middle age and older adulthood. Here we analyzed brain MRI data from the UK Biobank in a population-based sample of individuals (ages 44–80) who were exposed (n = 2510) or unexposed (n = 6079) to smoking around birth. We used robust statistical models, including quantile regressions, to test the effect of perinatal smoke exposure (PSE) on cortical surface area (SA), thickness, and subcortical volumes. We hypothesized that PSE would be associated with cortical disruption in primary sensory areas compared to unexposed (PSE−) adults. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, SA was significantly lower in the pericalcarine (PCAL), inferior parietal (IPL), and regions of the temporal and frontal cortex of PSE+ adults; these abnormalities were associated with increased risk for several diseases, including circulatory and endocrine conditions. Sensitivity analyses conducted in a hold-out group of healthy participants (exposed, n = 109, unexposed, n = 315) replicated the effect of PSE on SA in the PCAL and IPL. Collectively our results show a negative, long term effect of PSE on sensory cortices that may increase risk for disease later in life.

Sparse Bayesian framework applied to 3D super-resolution reconstruction in fetal brain MRI

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Becerra ◽  
Nelson Velasco Toledo ◽  
Eduardo Romero Castro
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Bayesian Framework

An efficient total variation algorithm for super-resolution in fetal brain MRI with adaptive regularization

NeuroImage ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 584-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Tourbier ◽  
Xavier Bresson ◽  
Patric Hagmann ◽  
Jean-Philippe Thiran ◽  
Reto Meuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Adaptive Regularization

scholarly journals Harmonization of large multi-site imaging datasets: Application to 10,232 MRIs for the analysis of imaging patterns of structural brain change throughout the lifespan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Pomponio ◽  
Guray Erus ◽  
Mohamad Habes ◽  
Jimit Doshi ◽  
Dhivya Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Age Trends ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
Structural Brain Change ◽  
Structural Brain

AbstractAs medical imaging enters its information era and presents rapidly increasing needs for big data analytics, robust pooling and harmonization of imaging data across diverse cohorts with varying acquisition protocols have become critical. We describe a comprehensive effort that merges and harmonizes a large-scale dataset of 10,232 structural brain MRI scans from participants without known neuropsychiatric disorder from 18 different studies that represent geographic diversity. We use this dataset and multi-atlas-based image processing methods to obtain a hierarchical partition of the brain from larger anatomical regions to individual cortical and deep structures and derive normative age trends of brain structure through the lifespan (3 to 96 years old). Critically, we present and validate a methodology for harmonizing this pooled dataset in the presence of nonlinear age trends. We provide a web-based visualization interface to generate and present the resulting age trends, enabling future studies of brain structure to compare their data with this normative reference of brain development and aging, and to examine deviations from normative ranges, potentially related to disease.

scholarly journals Lorentzian Norm based Super-resolution Reconstruction of Brain MRI Image

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (16) ◽  
pp. 153485
Author(s):  
Dongxing Bao ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Jin Li
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Mri Image

scholarly journals Identifying Type 2 Diabetic Brains by Investigating Disease-Related Structural Changes in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuna Chen ◽  
Yongsheng Pan ◽  
Shangyu Kang ◽  
Junshen Lu ◽  
Xin Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
The Brain

Diabetes with high blood glucose levels may damage the brain nerves and thus increase the risk of dementia. Previous studies have shown that dementia can be reflected in altered brain structure, facilitating computer-aided diagnosis of brain diseases based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-mediated changes in the brain structures have not yet been studied, and only a few studies have focused on the use of brain MRI for automated diagnosis of T2DM. Hence, identifying MRI biomarkers is essential to evaluate the association between changes in brain structure and T2DM as well as cognitive impairment (CI). The present study aims to investigate four methods to extract features from MRI, characterize imaging biomarkers, as well as identify subjects with T2DM and CI.

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