As a significant part in artificial wetland system, wetland substrate is an important hub for the transformation of organic pollutants to inorganic and innoxious substance. In this thesis, with shale and quadratic-regression orthogonal rotation combination design, the diameter and filing thickness of artificial wetland substrate were optimized, and the orthogonal regression model for the P-removal rate in sewage (Y), diameter (x1) and thickness (x2) was established for wetland substrate, namely Y=77.06250-4.69914X1+3.43848X2-2.31875X12+4.38125X22-2.25000X1X2, It can be deducted from this model that the best experiment condition is that, the diameter is 10.94mm, while the filling thickness is 100.45. Under such condition, it can be inferred that the P-removal rate can reach 93.07% according to the mathematic model. It is testified that the experiment results are similar to the model values.