Plant architecture, growth and biomass allocation effects of the invasive pathogen myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii ) on Australian Myrtaceae species after fire

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Laura Fernandez Winzer ◽  
Will Cuddy ◽  
Geoff S. Pegg ◽  
Angus J. Carnegie ◽  
Anthony Manea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Invasive Pathogen ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

Endangered species face an extra threat: susceptibility to the invasive pathogen Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) in Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Berthon ◽  
Laura Fernandez Winzer ◽  
Karanjeet Sandhu ◽  
Will Cuddy ◽  
Anthony Manea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Invasive Pathogen ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

Genome-wide association study of myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus obliqua (subgenus Eucalyptus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Thau Lym Yong ◽  
Peter K. Ades ◽  
Fatima Akter Runa ◽  
Gerd Bossinger ◽  
Karanjeet S. Sandhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii ) in the Americas and Hawaii: Global implications for invasive threat assessments

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. e12378 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Stewart ◽  
A. L. Ross-Davis ◽  
R. N. Graҫa ◽  
A. C. Alfenas ◽  
T. L. Peever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii ◽  
Threat Assessments

scholarly journals New Zealand indigenous Myrtaceae in foreign botanic gardens: testing the sentinel plant concept for biosecurity risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kirsty S.H. Boyd-Wilson ◽  
M. Virginia Marroni ◽  
Mark R. McNeill ◽  
David A.J. Teulon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii ◽  
Plant Biosecurity

The use of sentinel or expatriate plants is a growing concept for risk assessment in plant biosecurity. This approach involves ascertaining the presence and impact of pests and pathogens on plants foreign to a given location but planted in international botanic gardens or arboreta. The data obtained provide information on the potential pest status of these pests and pathogens, as invasive alien species (IAS), to plant species in their native or indigenous range. Assessment of the biosecurity threat from IAS for indigenous plants not found within the geographic distribution of these pests and pathogens is challenging, however, as they may be relatively taxonomically distinct from plants found in the distribution of the IAS and can be in different climates and environments. We examine the sentinel/expatriate concept in relation to risk assessment for myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) on New Zealand Myrtaceae on these plants found in botanic gardens and arboreta outside New Zealand. Between September 2017 and September 2018, we identified and then contacted 65 botanic gardens or arboreta that putatively had New Zealand Myrtaceae and were within the known distribution of myrtle rust. We asked for information on the presence of New Zealand Myrtaceae species in their collections and whether these plants were infected by myrtle rust. Sixteen gardens/arboreta responded; most were in Australia or the United States. Only one of these gardens provided information that was useful for biosecurity risk assessment for myrtle rust on New Zealand Myrtaceae. The results are discussed in the context of plant biosecurity risk assessment and the broader sentinel/expatriate plant concept.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Eucalyptus grandis Implicates Brassinosteroid Signaling in Defense Against Myrtle Rust (Austropuccinia psidii)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shae Swanepoel ◽  
Caryn N. Oates ◽  
Louise S. Shuey ◽  
Geoff S. Pegg ◽  
Sanushka Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Puccinia Psidii ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Brassinosteroid Signaling ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

Eucalyptus grandis, in its native Australian range, varies in resistance to Austropuccinia psidii (syn. Puccinia psidii). The biotrophic rust fungus, A. psidii is the causal agent of myrtle rust and poses a serious threat to Australian biodiversity. The pathogen produces yellow pustules of urediniospores on young leaves and shoots, resulting in shoot tip dieback, stunted growth, and death. Dissecting the underlying mechanisms of resistance against this pathogen will contribute to improved breeding and control strategies to mitigate its devastating effects. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular dialogue between E. grandis and A. psidii, using an RNA-sequencing approach. Resistant and susceptible E. grandis seedlings grown from seed collected across its natural range were inoculated with the pandemic biotype of A. psidii. The leaf tissue was harvested at 12-h post inoculation (hpi), 1-day post inoculation (dpi), 2-dpi and 5-dpi and subjected to RNA-sequencing using Illumina 50 bp PE reads to a depth of 40 million reads per sample. Differential gene expression and gene ontology enrichment indicated that the resistant seedlings showed controlled, coordinated responses with a hypersensitive response, while the susceptible seedlings showed no systemic response against myrtle rust. Brassinosteroid signaling was apparent as an enriched term in the resistant interaction at 2-dpi, suggesting an important role of this phytohormone in defense against the pathogen. Brassinosteroid mediated signaling genes were also among the candidate genes within two major disease resistance loci (Puccinia psidii resistance), Ppr3 and Ppr5. While brassinosteroids have been tagged as positive regulators in other plant disease resistance interactions, this is the first report in the Eucalyptus – Austropuccinia psidii interaction. Furthermore, several putative resistance genes, underlying known resistance loci and implicated in the interaction have been identified and highlighted for future functional studies. This study provided further insights into the molecular interactions between E. grandis and A. psidii, contributing to our understanding of this pathosystem.

Direct and indirect community effects of the invasive plant pathogen Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) in eastern Australian rainforests

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2357-2369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fernandez-Winzer ◽  
Katherine A. Berthon ◽  
Peter Entwistle ◽  
Anthony Manea ◽  
Nélida Winzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Community Effects ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

scholarly journals First Report of Myrtle Rust Caused by Austropuccinia psidii on Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Myrtaceae) from Singapore

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. du Plessis ◽  
A. R. McTaggart ◽  
G. M. Granados ◽  
M. J. Wingfield ◽  
J. Roux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Report ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

scholarly journals Impact of Austropuccinia psidii (myrtle rust) on Myrtaceae-rich wet sclerophyll forests in south east Queensland

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e0188058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Pegg ◽  
Tamara Taylor ◽  
Peter Entwistle ◽  
Gordon Guymer ◽  
Fiona Giblin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii ◽  
Sclerophyll Forests

scholarly journals De Novo Transcriptome Study Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in Resistance to Austropuccinia psidii (Myrtle Rust) in Syzygium luehmannii (Riberry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peri A. Tobias ◽  
David I. Guest ◽  
Carsten Külheim ◽  
Robert F. Park
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
De Novo Transcriptome ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

Austropuccinia psidii, causal agent of myrtle rust, was discovered in Australia in 2010 and has since become established on a wide range of species within the family Myrtaceae. Syzygium luehmannii, endemic to Australia, is an increasingly valuable berry crop. Plants were screened for responses to A. psidii inoculation, and specific resistance, in the form of localized necrosis, was determined in 29% of individuals. To understand the molecular basis underlying this response, mRNA was sequenced from leaf samples taken preinoculation, and at 24 and 48 h postinoculation, from four resistant and four susceptible plants. Analyses, based on de novo transcriptome assemblies for all plants, identified significant expression changes in resistant plants (438 transcripts) 48 h after pathogen exposure compared with susceptible plants (three transcripts). Most significantly up-regulated in resistant plants were gene homologs for transcription factors, receptor-like kinases, and enzymes involved in secondary metabolite pathways. A putative G-type lectin receptor-like kinase was exclusively expressed in resistant individuals and two transcripts incorporating toll/interleukin-1, nucleotide binding site, and leucine-rich repeat domains were up-regulated in resistant plants. The results of this study provide the first early gene expression profiles for a plant of the family Myrtaceae in response to the myrtle rust pathogen.

How an Indigenous community responded to the incursion and spread of myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) that threatens culturally significant plant species – a case study from New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Black ◽  
Melanie Mark-Shadbolt ◽  
Gary Garner ◽  
Jenny Green ◽  
Tame Malcolm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Myrtle Rust ◽  
Plant Nursery ◽  
Austropuccinia Psidii

The incursion of the myrtle rust disease (Austropuccinia psidii) was officially confirmed on 3 May 2017 at a plant nursery located in Kerikeri, North Island, New Zealand. Since then the presence of myrtle rust has now been located throughout New Zealand, with additional outbreaks in Taranaki, Waikato and Bay of Plenty. It has been detected on a range of Myrtaceaea species including ramarama (Lophomyrtus bullata), pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa), Monkey apple (Syzygium smithii), mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium), and Eucalyptus spp. (E. botryoides). Many of these species are iconic to the Indigenous Māori and have historical significance, being taonga (treasures). Since the incursions, Te Tira Whakamātaki (National Māori Biosecurity Network), have been informing Māori communities throughout New Zealand about the potential impacts of myrtle rust via a series of regional meetings (hui), email and social media that have included brief reports and recommendations. Feedback from these meetings and social media has strongly highlighted the desires of Māori communities to be active participants in decision-making and response plans for the management of myrtle rust as well as other pests and diseases. In this paper, we describe the journey of an Indigenous community approach to a modern biosecurity incursion.

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