scholarly journals Visual impairment in highly myopic eyes: The ZOC‐BHVI High Myopia Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-792
Author(s):  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Decai Wang ◽  
Xiaotong Han ◽  
Chimei Liao ◽  
Zhixi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
High Myopia

Myopia and Early Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Peled ◽  
Itamar Raz ◽  
Inbar Zucker ◽  
Estela Derazne ◽  
Jacob Megreli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Military Service ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective A correlation between myopia and insulin-resistance has been suggested. We investigated the association between myopia in adolescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence in young adulthood. Design Population-based, retrospective, cohort study. Methods 1,329,705 adolescents (579,543 women, 43.6%) aged 16-19 years, medically examined before mandatory military service during 1993-2012; and whose data were linked to the Israel National Diabetes Registry. Myopia was defined based on right eye refractive data. Cox proportional models were applied, separately for women and men, to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for T2D incidence per person-years of follow-up. Results There was an interaction between myopia and sex with T2D (P<0.001). For women, T2D incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) were 16.6, 19.2, and 25.1 for those without myopia, and with mild-to-moderate and high myopia, respectively. These corresponded to HRs of 1.29 (95%CI 1.14-1.45) and 1.63 (1.21-2.18) for women with mild-to-moderate and high myopia, respectively, compared to those without myopia, after adjustment for age at study entry, birth year, adolescent BMI, cognitive performance, socioeconomic status, and immigration status. Results persisted in extensive sensitivity and subgroup analyses. When managed as a continuous variable, every 1 diopter lower spherical equivalent yielded a 6.5% higher adjusted HR for T2D incidence (P= 0.003). There was no significant association among men. Conclusions For women, myopia in adolescence was associated with a significantly increased risk for incident T2D in young adulthood, in a severity-dependent manner. This finding may support the role of insulin resistance in myopia pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Kidney transplant outcomes in recipients with visual, hearing, physical and walking impairments: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1262-1270
Author(s):  
Alvin G Thomas ◽  
Jessica M Ruck ◽  
Nadia M Chu ◽  
Dayawa Agoons ◽  
Ashton A Shaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Background Disability in general has been associated with poor outcomes in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. However, disability can be derived from various components, specifically visual, hearing, physical and walking impairments. Different impairments may compromise the patient through different mechanisms and might impact different aspects of KT outcomes. Methods In our prospective cohort study (June 2013–June 2017), 465 recipients reported hearing, visual, physical and walking impairments before KT. We used hybrid registry-augmented Cox regression, adjusting for confounders using the US KT population (Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, N = 66 891), to assess the independent association between impairments and post-KT outcomes [death-censored graft failure (DCGF) and mortality]. Results In our cohort of 465 recipients, 31.6% reported one or more impairments (hearing 9.3%, visual 16.6%, physical 9.1%, walking 12.1%). Visual impairment was associated with a 3.36-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–9.65] higher DCGF risk, however, hearing [2.77 (95% CI 0.78–9.82)], physical [0.67 (95% CI 0.08–3.35)] and walking [0.50 (95% CI 0.06–3.89)] impairments were not. Walking impairment was associated with a 3.13-fold (95% CI 1.32–7.48) higher mortality risk, however, visual [1.20 (95% CI 0.48–2.98)], hearing [1.01 (95% CI 0.29–3.47)] and physical [1.16 (95% CI 0.34–3.94)] impairments were not. Conclusions Impairments are common among KT recipients, yet only visual impairment and walking impairment are associated with adverse post-KT outcomes. Referring nephrologists and KT centers should identify recipients with visual and walking impairments who might benefit from targeted interventions pre-KT, additional supportive care and close post-KT monitoring.

scholarly journals Mastery and self-esteem mediate the association between visual acuity and mental health: a population-based longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar M Maaswinkel ◽  
Hilde PA van der Aa ◽  
Ger HMB van Rens ◽  
Aartjan TF Beekman ◽  
Jos WR Twisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sense Of Mastery

Abstract Background: With deteriorating eyesight, people often become dependent on others for many aspects of their daily lives. As a result, they feel less ‘in control’ and experience lower self-esteem. Lower sense of mastery and self-esteem are known to predict depression, but their roles in people with visual impairment have only marginally been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of mastery and self-esteem on the relationship between visual acuity and mental health.Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was performed using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), collected between 2001 and 2012. A community-based population of 2599 older adults (mean age 72 years) were included, who were randomly selected from population registers. Outcomes of interest were the Pearlin Mastery Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression scale and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale – Anxiety subscale. Linear mixed models were used to establish the association between visual acuity and mental health over time.Results: Mean age was 72 years, 56% was female and 1.2% qualified as having low vision. Visual impairment was associated with a lower sense of mastery (β = -0.477, p < 0.001), lower self-esteem (β = -0.166, p = 0.008) and more depression (β = 0.235, p < 0.001). No significant association between visual acuity and anxiety was found. The relationship between visual acuity and depression was mediated by self-esteem (25%) and sense of mastery (79%).Conclusions: Vision loss was associated with depression. This association was mediated by self-esteem and sense of mastery. This provides us with new possibilities to identify, support and treat those at risk for developing depression by aiming to increase their self-esteem and sense of mastery.

scholarly journals Mastery and self-esteem mediate the association between visual acuity and mental health: a population-based longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde PA van der Aa ◽  
Ivar M Maaswinkel ◽  
Ger HMB van Rens ◽  
Aartjan TF Beekman ◽  
Jos WR Twisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sense Of Mastery

Abstract Background With deteriorating eyesight, people often become dependent on others for many aspects of their daily lives. As a result, they feel less ‘in control’ and experience lower self-esteem. Lower sense of mastery and self-esteem are known to predict depression, but their roles in people with visual impairment remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of mastery and self-esteem on the relationship between visual acuity and mental health. Methods A longitudinal cohort study was performed using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA). Data on vision was available from the fifth cycle (2001), with a mean follow-up of 5.9 years. A community-based population was studied, containing older adults from eleven municipalities in three culturally distinct geographical regions in the Netherlands. A total of 2599 older adults (aged 55 to 85 years at baseline) were included, who were randomly selected from population registers in 1992. The first (2001) and last (2012) included measurements contained 1961 and 1522 participants, respectively. Primary study outcomes were logMAR visual acuity, sense of mastery, self-esteem, depression and anxiety. Instead of standard questionnaire scores, latent trait scores (θ) were obtained through -) Item Response Theory (IRT-) analysis. Results Mean age was 72 years, with 56% females and 2% qualifying as low vision. Visual impairment was associated with a lower sense of mastery (β = -0.477, p < 0.001), lower self-esteem (β = -0.166, p = 0.008) and more depression (β = 0.235, p < 0.001). No significant association between visual acuity and anxiety was found. The relationship between visual acuity and depression was mediated partially by self-esteem (25%) and fully by sense of mastery (76%). Conclusions Vision loss was associated with depression. This association was mediated by self-esteem and sense of mastery. This provides us with new possibilities to identify, support and treat those at risk for developing depression by aiming to increase their self-esteem and sense of mastery.

scholarly journals Six-Year Incidence of Blindness and Visual Impairment in Kenya: The Nakuru Eye Disease Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 5974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bastawrous ◽  
Wanjiku Mathenge ◽  
Kevin Wing ◽  
Hillary Rono ◽  
Michael Gichangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Eye Disease

scholarly journals Diabetic retinopathy, visual impairment and the risk of six-year death: a cohort study of a rural population in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Cao ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
David S. Friedman ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Fast Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Dead

Purpose: To explore the association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the risk of six-year death, as well as the association between visual impairment (VI) and the risk of six-year death, in a rural Chinese population of age≥30 years. Methods: This was a population-based cohort study. In 2006-2007, 6,830 subjects aged ≥30 years were recruited from 13 villages in northern China through clustered randomization. In 2012-2013, a six-year follow-up was further done. Six different proportional hazards models, with different confounders adjusted, were used to explore the association between baseline DR and risk of death. Results: 5,570 subjects were included in this study by our inclusion and exclusion criteria. 410 (7.36%) subjects died by follow-up. The median ages of the dead subjects and survived subjects were 67 (interquartile range, IQR: 58-72) years and 52 (IQR: 42-58) years (Z=21.979, p<0.001). Male accounted for 62.20% and 44.92% among the dead and survived subjects (p<0.001). Besides, compared with those survived, the dead were found to be with lower education (p<0.001), lower marriage rate (p<0.001), lower income (p<0.001), higher proportion of smoking (p=0.003), higher systolic blood pressure (Z=10.411, p<0.001), lower body mass index (Z=-3.302, p=0.001), larger spherical equivalent error (Z=4.248, p<0.001), lower intraocular pressure (Z=-4.912, p<0.001), smaller anterior chamber depth (Z=-9.186, p<0.001), larger length thickness (Z=11.069, p<0.001), higher fast blood glucose level (Z=5.650, p<0.001), higher total cholesterols (Z=2.015, p=0.044), higher low-density lipoprotein (Z=2.024, p=0.043), higher proportion of drug usage (p<0.001). Besides, the dead subjects were more likely to be with VI, glaucoma, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, diabetes and DR. 148 subjects were diagnosed with DR at baseline, 33 (22.30%) of them were dead before follow-up. By adjusting all relative confounders in a proportional hazards model, DR was found to be a risk factor of six-year death, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.739 (95% confidence intervals: 1.080, 2.803). Another five different statistical models with different confounders adjusted also revealed a statistically significant association between DR and six-year death. The association between VI and six-year death was not statistically significant. Conclusions: DR increased the risk of six-year death in a rural Chinese population aged ≥30 years, while VI not.  

scholarly journals High myopia is protective against diabetic retinopathy via thinning retinal vein: A report from Fushun Diabetic Retinopathy Cohort Study (FS-DIRECT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 147916412094098
Author(s):  
Zhong Lin ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Gang Zhai ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Liang Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Central Retinal Venular Equivalent

Purpose: To investigate the association between high myopia and diabetic retinopathy, and its possible mechanism, in a northeastern Chinese population with type 2 diabetic mellitus. Methods: Patients were included from Fushun Diabetic Retinopathy Cohort Study. High myopia was defined as spherical equivalent of autorefraction less than −5D. Results: A total of 1817 patients [688 (37.9%) diabetic retinopathy, 102 (5.6%) high myopia] were included. Compared to eyes without high myopia, the frequency of diabetic retinopathy and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy was significantly less in eyes with high myopia (23.5% vs 38.7%, p = 0.002; 22.5% vs 35.3%, p = 0.005). Eyes with high myopia were less likely to have diabetic retinopathy (multivariate odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 0.39, 0.22–0.68) or non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 0.40, 0.23–0.70). High myopia was negatively associated with central retinal venular equivalent (multivariate β, 95% confidence interval: −37.1, −42.3 to −31.8, p < 0.001). Furthermore, central retinal venular equivalent (per 10 μm increase) had a significant association with diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.24, 1.17–1.31) as well as non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.24, 1.18–1.31). Conclusions: High myopia was negatively associated with both diabetic retinopathy and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in this northeastern Chinese population. This protective effect may have been partially achieved via thinning retinal veins.

scholarly journals High Myopia: A Hospital-Based Study of The Clinical Profile and Visual Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejitha Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Clinical Profile
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document