Peripheral blood flow changes in response to postexercise cold water immersion

Recent studies using inanimate and animal models suggest that the afterdrop observed upon rewarming from hypothermia is based entirely on physical laws of heat flow without involvement of the returning cooled blood from the limbs. During the investigation of thermoregulatory responses to cold water immersion (15 degrees C), blood flow to the limbs (minimized by the effects of hydrostatic pressure and vasoconstriction) was occluded in 17 male subjects (age, 29.0 +/- 3.3 yr). Comparisons of rectal (Tre) and esophageal temperature (Tes) responses were made during the 5 min before occlusion, during the 10-min occlusion period, and for 5 min immediately after the release of the cuffs (postocclusion). In the preocclusion phase, Tre and Tes showed similar cooling rates. The occlusion of blood flow to the extremities significantly arrested the cooling of Tes (P less than 0.05) with little effect on Tre. Upon release of the pressure cuffs, the returning extremity blood flow resulted in an increased rate of cooling, that was three times greater at the esophageal site (-0:149 +/- 0.052 vs. -0.050 +/- 0.026 degrees C.min-1). These results suggest that the cooled peripheral circulation, minimized during cold water immersion, may dramatically affect esophageal temperature and the complete neglect of the circulatory component to the afterdrop phenomenon is not warranted.

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Effect of cold water immersion on recovery and limb blood flow following high-intensity cycling

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.059 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. S23

Author(s):

J. Vaile ◽

B. Stefanovic ◽

C. O’Hagan ◽

M. Walker ◽

N. Gill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

High Intensity ◽

Cold Water ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Cold Water Immersion ◽

Limb Blood Flow

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Effect of Artificial Carbon Dioxide-Rich Water Immersion on Peripheral Blood Flow in Healthy Volunteers: Preliminary Study about Artificial Carbon Dioxide-Rich Water

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (A) ◽

pp. 527-531

Author(s):

Andi Rizky Arbaim Hasyar ◽

Haerani Rasyid ◽

Irfan Idris ◽

Irawan Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Peripheral Blood Flow ◽

Mixed Solution ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Improvement Effect

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood circulation disorder is one of the global health problems. Balneotherapy that uses CO2 springs may be one of the complementary treatment options. The device to produce artificial CO2-rich water is needed to achieve an improvement effect, at least almost like the improvement effect of natural balneotherapy. AIM: This study aims to investigate the effect of artificial CO2-rich water immersion on peripheral blood flow using Bicarbonated JesC CREA BC-2000. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-nine healthy volunteers participated in this study. Each subject immersed both of their legs in a mixed solution from water and CO2 at temperature 38°C. This solution was mixed using a device, namely, “Bicarbonated JesC CREA BC-2000”. Peripheral blood flow was measured for 5 min before immersion (in this study, we denoted it as the mean basal blood flow), 10 min during immersion, and 5 min after immersion using pocket JMS laser Doppler flowmetry MBF-IIA. Repeated analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There is the difference in peripheral blood flow among before, during, and after immersing the legs into artificial CO2-rich water using Bicarbonated JesC CREA BC-2000 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Bicarbonated JesC CREA BC-2000 may be used as the device to produce an artificial CO2-rich water bath that may affect peripheral blood flow in healthy volunteers.

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