Climate change, non-indigenous species and shipping: assessing the risk of species introduction to a high-Arctic archipelago

It has traditionally been considered that areas with high natural species richness are likely to be more resistant to non-indigenous species than those with lower numbers of species. However, this theory has been the subject of a debate over the last decade, since some studies have shown the opposite trend. In the present study, a macroalgal survey was carried out at 24 localities in Northern Ireland and southern England, using a quadrat approach in the lower littoral. The two opposing hypotheses were tested (negative versus positive relationship between native and non-indigenous species richness) in this marine environment. The effect of the presence of ‘impacts’, potential sources of disturbance and species introduction (e.g. marina, harbour or aquaculture), was also tested. A positive relationship was found between the number of non-indigenous species and the native species richness at the three different scales tested (quadrats, sites and localities). At no scale did a richer native assemblage appear to restrict the establishment of introduced species. The analyses revealed greater species richness and different community composition, as well as more non-indigenous species, in southern England relative to Northern Ireland. The presence of the considered impacts had an effect on the community composition and species richness in southern England but not in Northern Ireland. Such impacts had no effect on the non-indigenous species richness in either area.

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Climate change and its possible influence on the occurrence and importance of insect pests

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/2829-pps ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S53-S62 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Z. Laštůvka

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Insect Species ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Weather Extremes ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Crop Cultivation ◽

Low Humidity ◽

Non Indigenous Species

Insect pests, as widely tolerant and adaptable organisms, may be less distinctly affected by climate change than other insect species. The changing climate may affect the occurrence and impact of the native pests both negatively and positively (increased importance of thermophilous and xerophilous species and decreased importance of psychrophilous ones, noxious abundances of several species also in higher altitudes, decrease of many pests by frost-free winters, low humidity, weather extremes, increased numbers of antagonists, and phenological discrepancy with the host plant). Expansions of new pests into the territory of the Czech Republic, caused by climate change, will be very limited. A small number of greenhouse pests may be expected to occur in outdoor conditions. Increased temperatures may cause a slight increase of non-indigenous invasive insect species and migratory pests. In Central Europe the climate change will intensify the effects of other factors. In the next 20–50 years, the changes in species composition and importance of insect pests of plants will be caused by factors in the following order: (l) introductions of non-indigenous species, (2) new approaches in pest control, (3–4) changes in crop cultivation and representation of crops, (3–4) climate change, (5) other causes (unexpected shifts of ranges, changes in food preferences of insect species, etc.).

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Do Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) prevailing over native species with climate change effects?

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/conf.fmars.2019.08.00032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Nuno Castro ◽

João Canning-Clode ◽

Patrício Ramalhosa ◽

Eva Cacabelos ◽

José Lino Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Native Species ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Climate Change Effects ◽

Non Indigenous Species

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Impacts of climate change on diversity in forested ecosystems: Some examples

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc81655-5 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 81 (5) ◽

pp. 655-661 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Paul A Gray

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

High Rate ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Northern Latitudes ◽

Key Words Climate Change ◽

Composition Structure ◽

And Function ◽

Non Indigenous Species

Ecological diversity (the product of ecosystem, species, and genetic diversity) will change significantly in the 21st Century in response to the combined influence of climate, human activities, the movement of indigenous and non-indigenous species, and natural disturbances like fire (also modified by climate). Many species will acclimate (phenotypic variation) and/or adapt (genotypic variation) to changing conditions. Many will not. Species with a high rate of reproduction that are able to move long distances, rapidly colonize new habitats, tolerate humans, and survive within a broad range of biophysical conditions will be most successful in finding new niches. Large changes in ecosystem composition, structure, and function are expected to occur at northern latitudes and higher altitudes. In some areas novel ecosystems likely will replace existing subalpine, alpine, boreal forest, and tundra ecosystems. Key words: climate change, ecodiversity, forest, ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity

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The implications of predicted climate change for insect pests in the UK, with emphasis on non-indigenous species

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00190.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 785-796 ◽

Cited By ~ 214

Author(s):

RAYMOND J. C. CANNON

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

The Uk ◽

Non Indigenous Species

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Animal trade and non-indigenous species introduction: the world-wide spread of squirrels

Diversity and Distributions ◽

10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00574.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 701-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Sandro Bertolino

Keyword(s):

World Wide ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Wide Spread ◽

Species Introduction ◽

The World ◽

Non Indigenous Species ◽

Animal Trade

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Early mortality and freshwater forage fish recruitment: nonnative alewife and native rainbow smelt interactions in Lake Champlain

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjfas-2017-0571 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 806-814

Author(s):

Paul W. Simonin ◽

Lars G. Rudstam ◽

Patrick J. Sullivan ◽

Donna L. Parrish ◽

Bernard Pientka

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Early Mortality ◽

Fish Distribution ◽

Change Scenario ◽

Lake Champlain ◽

Species Introduction ◽

Rainbow Smelt ◽

Fish Recruitment

We studied the consequences of a nonnative species introduction and changes in temperature on early mortality and recruitment of native rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and nonnative alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Champlain using a simulation model. Distribution patterns of adults and young-of-the-year (YOY) fish were predicted using a model based on observed distribution of different age groups as a function of temperature and light profiles simulated on a daily basis. Mortality rates averaged over the growing season were calculated as a function of fish densities and overlap between adults and YOY. Survival of YOY rainbow smelt and alewife depended on which predator was most abundant. Rainbow smelt YOY mortality rates are highest when rainbow smelt adults are abundant, and alewife YOY mortality rates are highest when alewife adults are abundant, potentially allowing coexistence. August and September mortality rates were higher in the climate change scenario because of increased overlap of adults and YOY of both species. These results indicate that accounting for spatiotemporal fish distribution patterns can be important when forecasting the interacting effects of climate change and aquatic invasive species on fish recruitment.

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