scholarly journals Leap frog in slow motion: Divergent responses of tree species and life stages to climatic warming in Great Basin subalpine forests

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. e442-e457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian V. Smithers ◽  
Malcolm P. North ◽  
Constance I. Millar ◽  
Andrew M. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Great Basin ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Subalpine Forests

Stand Structure and the Influence of Overwood on Regeneration in Tropical Eucalypt Forest on Melville-Island

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Fensham ◽  
DMJS Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Ground Layer ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Relative Dominance ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Tap Root

The stand structure of tree species in tropical eucalypt forest on Melville Island reveals a mass of short woody sprouts in the ground layer and low numbers of sapling eucalypts. The growth of the woody sprouts showed no significant response in the first 2 years after release from overwood competition. However, eucalypts are released in response to overwood removal, after 2-5 years, although investigations of old clear-felled blocks indicated that this response is not consistent. The initiation of saplings may be related to the size of the lignotuber and the presence of a tap root for some species. It is suggested that the accession of saplings may be limited by the degradation of root systems by termite herbivory. Using assumptions regarding longevity of life stages, it is demonstrated that the forest structure of the study site can be perpetuated undercurrent conditions despite indications that the relative dominance of the forest eucalypt species will shift.

scholarly journals Urban host plant utilisation by the invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) in northern Utah

NeoBiota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Mark Cody Holthouse ◽  
Lori R. Spears ◽  
Diane G. Alston
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Northern Utah

The invasive and highly polyphagous brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is a severe agricultural and urban nuisance pest in North America. Since its initial invasion into Utah in 2012, H. halys has become well established in urban and suburban locations along the western foothills of the Wasatch Front in northern Utah. Bordering the Great Basin Desert, this area is unique from other North American locations with H. halys due to its high elevation (> 1200 m), aridity (30-year mean RH = 53.1%; dew point = -1.9 °C) and extreme temperatures (the 30-year mean minimum and maximum in January and July in Salt Lake City range from -3.1 to 3.6 °C and 20.3 to 32.4 °C, respectively). To document which plant species harbour H. halys, surveys were conducted in 17 urban/suburban sites in four counties during 2017 and 2018. Halyomorpha halys was more abundant in Salt Lake and Utah counties than in the more northern counties of Davis and Weber and was found on 53 plant species, nine of which hosted two or more developmental stages in both years. The majority of hosts were in the families Fabaceae, Rosaceae and Sapindaceae. Northern catalpa, Catalpa speciosa (Warder), was the most consistent host, supporting a majority of H. halys detections in all life stages; thus we identify it as a sentinel host. Twenty-nine species were novel hosts for H. halys in North America; of these, Acer ginnala Maxim, Populus tremuloides Michx., Prunus armeniaca × domestica ‘Flavor King’ and Prunus virginiana ‘Schubert’ were detected with two or more life stages of H. halys in both years. Peak populations of H. halys occurred from mid-June to mid-September. We describe H. halys plant utilisation by life stage and seasonal period to aid future detection and management of this invasive insect in the greater Intermountain West region.

Space-for-time inferences about range-edge dynamics of tree species can be influenced by sampling biases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Ni ◽  
Mark Vellend
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Sampling Biases ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Differences between the distributions of tree saplings and adults in geographic or niche space have been used to infer climate change effects on tree range dynamics. Previous studies have reported narrower latitudinal or climatic niche ranges of juvenile trees compared to adults, concluding that tree ranges are contracting, contradicting climate-based predictions. However, more comprehensive sampling of adult trees than juvenile trees in most regional forest inventories could potentially bias ontogenetic comparisons. Here we first report spatial simulations showing that reduced sampling intensity can result in underestimates of range and niche limits, but that resampling the same number of individuals of different life stages can eliminate this bias. We then re-analyzed the U.S. Forest Inventory and Analysis data, comparing the range and niche limits between adult trees and saplings of 92 tree species, both using the original data and two re-sampling procedures. Resampling aimed to reduce sampling biases by controlling for either sampling area or the number of individuals sampled. Overall, these resampling procedures had a major influence on the estimation of range limits, most often by reducing, eliminating, or even reversing the tendency in the original analyses for saplings to have broader distributions than adult trees. These results indicate that previous conclusions that the distributions of juvenile trees were contracting in response to climate change were potentially artefacts of sampling in the underlying data. More generally, sampling effects involved in the estimation of geographical ranges and environmental niche widths need to be taken into account in studies comparing different life stages, and also likely in other types of distribution comparisons.

scholarly journals Lack of phylogenetic signals within environmental niches of tropical tree species across life stages

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caicai Zhang ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Liqing Sha ◽  
Xiuqin Ci ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Tropical Tree Species

scholarly journals Influence of elevation and site productivity on conifer distributions across Alaskan temperate rainforests

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Caouette ◽  
E.A. Steel ◽  
P.E. Hennon ◽  
P.G. Cunningham ◽  
C.A. Pohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Site Productivity ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Probability Of Occurrence

We investigated the influence of landscape factors on the distribution and life stage stability of coastal tree species near the northern limit of their ranges. Using data from 1465 forest inventory plots, we estimated probability of occurrence and basal area of six common conifer species across three broad latitudinal regions of coastal Alaska. By also comparing models across life stages of each species (seedlings, saplings, mature trees, and dead trees), we explored trends in population stability at this leading edge of climate change. Elevation had a stronger influence on the probability of tree species occurrence than on basal area; site productivity impacted both estimated odds of presence and estimated basal area for most species in at least some regions. Interestingly, there were fairly dramatic differences across species in the degree to which the modeled probability of occurrence differed across the four life stages. Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), for example, showed relatively stable distributions but other species appear to be in flux, e.g., yellow-cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis (D. Don) D.P. Little), which has experienced widespread mortality at low elevations. Differential effects of elevation on live versus dead basal area suggest that mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carrière) and yellow-cedar are shifting upslope in some regions and that Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière) is shifting downslope in the Northwest region.

scholarly journals Strong Neutral Spatial Effects Shape Tree Species Distributions across Life Stages at Multiple Scales

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e38247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Hua Hu ◽  
Guo-Yu Lan ◽  
Li-Qing Sha ◽  
Min Cao ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Tree Species Distributions

scholarly journals Vegetation Dynamics in Treeline Ecotone of Langtang National Park, Central Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
NP Gaire ◽  
YR Dhakal ◽  
HC Lekhak ◽  
DR Bhuju ◽  
SK Shah
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Treeline Ecotone ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Abies Spectabilis ◽  
The Impact

A study was carried out at the treeline ecotone (3,730m-3,950m asl) of Langtang National Park in central Nepal with an aim to document the impact of climatic warming on ecological chracteristics. Three sampling sites were selected at Chaurikharka and Lauribina, where no serious anthropogenic pressure was noticed. The nearest meteorological station has records of climatic warming in recent years. Six tree species and three shrub species belonging to seven families were enumerated from the study plots. The average basal area for tree species was found to be 20.56 m2 per ha while average tree density was found to be 734 trees per ha with Abies spectabilis as dominant species. The mean DBH (diameter at breast height) of tree species was found to be 15.8 cm (max. 115.5cm). Density of dead trees accounted 2 no. per ha with basal area 0.195m2 per ha. Average sapling and seedling density of tree species per ha was observed to be 1,590 and 831 respectively. The average sapling and seedling density of A. spectabilis was 255 and 350 per ha respectively. Similarly, average shrub density (per ha) for the area was found to be 9,609 no/ha. The stand character showed that there was high level of recruitment of A. spectabilis in the recent years. The presence of sapling and seedling of A. spectabilis at higher altitude showing linear relationship with canopy coverage indicated prospects for a gradual and upward shift of A. spectabilis with increased temperature. Key words: Abies spectabilis; regeneration; climate change; DBH DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4132Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 107-114

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