scholarly journals Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita(L.) Rusby) as perennial multipurpose crop: biomass yields, energetic valorization, utilization potentials, and management perspectives

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nahm ◽  
Christopher Morhart
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Crop Biomass

Use of Organic and Biological Fertilizers as Strategies to Improve Crop Biomass, Yields and Physicochemical Parameters of Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelilah Meddich ◽  
Khalid Oufdou ◽  
Abderrahim Boutasknit ◽  
Anas Raklami ◽  
Abdelilah Tahiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Crop Biomass

scholarly journals Influence of weather conditions on waste biomass production

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
O. Chotovinský ◽  
V. Altmann
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Residue Biomass ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rainfall Level ◽  
Crop Biomass

A significant effect of weather conditions on crop biomass yields was observed in various production areas during the last decade. Starting with the municipality of Březník within the period of 2007–2011, the present article studies the relationship between weather conditions and the volume of municipal residue biomass (MRB). A statistically significant impact of rainfall level on MRB production has been demonstrated. The development of biodegradable municipal solid waste collection in the municipality of Březník has also been described and evaluated.

Quantification of the kinetic differences between communities isolated from completely mixed activated sludge systems operated with or without a selector using a novel respirometric method

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barth F. Smets ◽  
Timothy G. Ellis ◽  
Stephanie Brau ◽  
Richard W. Sanders ◽  
C. P. Leslie Grady
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Biodegradation Kinetics ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Single Oxygen ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

This study quantified the kinetic differences in microbial communities isolated from completely mixed activated sludge (CMAS) systems that were operated either with or without an aerobic selector preceding the main reactor. A new respirometric method was employed that allowed the determination of biodegradation kinetics from single oxygen consumption curves, thereby minimizing physiological changes to the examined communities during the assay. Results indicated that increased values for Ks and μmax for acetate, phenol, and 4-chlorophenol degradation were measured in the CMAS system operated with a selector. The biomass yields on acetate, phenol, and 4-chlorophenol were very similar in both systems. These findings indicate that the operation of CMAS systems with aerobic selectors may result in the selection for degrading populations with higher Ks and μmax values for both biogenic and xenobiotic organic compounds, and that substrate storage in the selector only partially contributes to increased substrate removal rates.

scholarly journals Response of wheat, pea, and canola to micronutrient fertilization on five contrasting prairie soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noabur Rahman ◽  
Jeff Schoenau
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Cu And Zn

Abstract A polyhouse study was conducted to evaluate the relative effectiveness of different micronutrient fertilizer formulation and application methods on wheat, pea and canola, as indicated by yield response and fate of micronutrients in contrasting mineral soils. The underlying factors controlling micronutrient bioavailability in a soil–plant system were examined using chemical and spectroscopic speciation techniques. Application of Cu significantly improved grain and straw biomass yields of wheat on two of the five soils (Ukalta and Sceptre), of which the Ukalta soil was critically Cu deficient according to soil extraction with DTPA. The deficiency problem was corrected by either soil or foliar application of Cu fertilizers. There were no significant yield responses of pea to Zn fertilization on any of the five soils. For canola, soil placement of boric acid was effective in correcting the deficiency problem in Whitefox soil, while foliar application was not. Soil extractable Cu, Zn, and B concentration in post-harvest soils were increased with soil placement of fertilizers, indicating that following crops in rotation could benefit from this application method. The chemical and XANES spectroscopic speciation indicates that carbonate associated is the dominant form of Cu and Zn in prairie soils, where chemisorption to carbonates is likely the major process that determines the fate of added Cu and Zn fertilizer.

scholarly journals Increased Plant Quality, Greenhouse Productivity and Energy Efficiency with Broad-Spectrum LED Systems: A Case Study for Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
Jenny Manuela Tabbert ◽  
Hartwig Schulz ◽  
Andrea Krähmer
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Lighting Systems

A light-emitting diode (LED) system covering plant-receptive wavebands from ultraviolet to far-red radiation (360 to 760 nm, “white” light spectrum) was investigated for greenhouse productions of Thymus vulgaris L. Biomass yields and amounts of terpenoids were examined, and the lights’ productivity and electrical efficiency were determined. All results were compared to two conventionally used light fixture types (high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS) and fluorescent lights (FL)) under naturally low irradiation conditions during fall and winter in Berlin, Germany. Under LED, development of Thymus vulgaris L. was highly accelerated resulting in distinct fresh yield increases per square meter by 43% and 82.4% compared to HPS and FL, respectively. Dry yields per square meter also increased by 43.1% and 88.6% under LED compared to the HPS and FL lighting systems. While composition of terpenoids remained unaffected, their quantity per gram of leaf dry matter significantly increased under LED and HPS as compared to FL. Further, the power consumption calculations revealed energy savings of 31.3% and 20.1% for LED and FL, respectively, compared to HPS. In conclusion, the implementation of a broad-spectrum LED system has tremendous potential for increasing quantity and quality of Thymus vulgaris L. during naturally insufficient light conditions while significantly reducing energy consumption.

scholarly journals Soybean Relative Maturity, Not Row Spacing, Affected Interseeded Cover Crops Biomass

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Hans J. Kandel ◽  
Dulan P. Samarappuli ◽  
Kory L. Johnson ◽  
Marisol T. Berti
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Crop Biomass

Adoption of cover crop interseeding in the northwestern Corn Belt in the USA is limited due to inadequate fall moisture for establishment, short growing season, additional costs, and need for adapted winter-hardy species. This study evaluated three cover crop treatments—no cover crop, winter rye (Secale cereale L.), and winter camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)—which were interseeded at the R6 soybean growth stage, using two different soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) maturity groups (0.5 vs. 0.9) and two row spacings (30.5 vs. 61 cm). The objective was to evaluate these treatments on cover crop biomass, soil cover, plant density, and soybean yield. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield was also measured the following year. The early-maturing soybean cultivar (0.5 maturity) resulted in increased cover crop biomass and soil cover, with winter rye outperforming winter camelina. However, the early-maturing soybean yielded 2308 kg·ha−1, significantly less compared with the later maturing cultivar (2445 kg·ha−1). Narrow row spacing had higher soybean yield, but row spacing did not affect cover crop growth. Spring wheat should not follow winter rye if rye is terminated right before seeding the wheat. However, wheat planted after winter camelina was no different than when no cover crop was interseeded in soybean. Interseeding cover crops into established soybean is possible, however, cover crop biomass accumulation and soil cover are limited.

Modeling cover crop biomass production and related emissions to improve farm-scale decision-support tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 103151
Author(s):  
Shelby C. McClelland ◽  
Keith Paustian ◽  
Stephen Williams ◽  
Meagan E. Schipanski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Farm Scale ◽  
Crop Biomass

scholarly journals Poultry Litter, Biochar, and Fertilizer Effect on Corn Yield, Nutrient Uptake, N2O and CO2 Emissions

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karamat R. Sistani ◽  
Jason R. Simmons ◽  
Marcia Jn-Baptiste ◽  
Jeff M. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
First Year ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Corn Productivity

Biochar holds promise as a soil amendment with potential to sequester carbon, improve soil fertility, adsorb organic pollutants, stimulate soil microbial activities, and improve crop yield. We used a hardwood biochar to assess its impact on corn (Zea mays) grain, biomass yields and greenhouse gas emission in central Kentucky, USA. Six treatments included as follows: control (C) with no amendment applied; poultry litter (PL); biochar (B); biochar + poultry litter (B + PL); fertilizers N-P-K (F); and biochar + fertilizers (B + F). Biochar was applied only once to plots in 2010 followed by rototilling all plots. Only PL and fertilizer were applied annually. When applied alone, biochar did not significantly increase dry matter, grain yield, and N-P-K uptake. There was also no significant difference between the combined treatments when compared with PL or F applications alone. We observed a slight increasing trend in corn grain yield in the following 2 years compared to the first year from biochar treatment. Poultry litter treatment produced significantly greater N2O and CO2 emissions, but emissions were lower from the B+PL treatment. We conclude that this biochar did not improve corn productivity in the short term but has potential to increase yield in the long term and may have some benefit when combined with PL or F in reducing N2O and CO2 emissions.

Unmanned aerial vehicle-based field phenotyping of crop biomass using growth traits retrieved from PROSAIL model

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 106304
Author(s):  
Liang Wan ◽  
Jiafei Zhang ◽  
Xiaoya Dong ◽  
Xiaoyue Du ◽  
Jiangpeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Field Phenotyping ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Crop Biomass

Long-term biomass yields of giant reed, mimosa and switchgrass in Alabama

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Ping ◽  
David I. Bransby ◽  
Edzard van Santen
Keyword(s):  
Giant Reed ◽  
Biomass Yields
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