Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training in the Elderly

Aging is associated with low-grade inflammation. The benefits of regular exercise for the elderly are well established, whereas less is known about the impact of low-intensity resistance exercise on low-grade inflammation in the elderly. Twenty-one elderly women (mean age ± SD, 85.0 ± 4.5 years) participated in 12 weeks of resistance exercise training. Muscle thickness and circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), heat shock protein (HSP)70, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured before and after the exercise training. Training reduced the circulating levels of CRP, SAA (P<.05), HSP70, IGF-I, and insulin (P<.01). The training-induced reductions in CRP and TNF-α were significantly (P<.01,P<.05) associated with increased muscle thickness (r=−0.61,r=−0.54), respectively. None of the results were significant after applying a Bonferroni correction. Resistance training may assist in maintaining or improving muscle volume and reducing low-grade inflammation.

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Biochemical Changes in Response to Intensive Resistance Exercise Training in the Elderly

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000085122 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 253-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Ivan Bautmans ◽

Rose Njemini ◽

Sabine Vasseur ◽

Hans Chabert ◽

Lisa Moens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

The Elderly ◽

Biochemical Changes ◽

Resistance Exercise Training

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Effects of aerobic and resistance exercise training on insulin action in the elderly

Geriatrics and Gerontology International ◽

10.1046/j.1444-1586.2003.00054.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 50-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Itsuko Kitamura ◽

Nobuo Takeshima ◽

Mizuho Tokudome ◽

Kunio Yamanouchi ◽

Yoshiharu Oshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Insulin Action ◽

The Elderly ◽

Resistance Exercise Training

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Acute effects of resistance exercise on muscle protein synthesis rate in young and elderly men and women

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1993.265.2.e210 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 265 (2) ◽

pp. E210-E214 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

K. E. Yarasheski ◽

J. J. Zachwieja ◽

D. M. Bier

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Muscle Protein ◽

Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Whole Body ◽

Synthesis Rate ◽

Protein Breakdown ◽

Resistance Exercise Training

Muscle mass and function are improved in the elderly during resistance exercise training. These improvements must result from alterations in the rates of muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. We determined the rate of quadriceps muscle protein synthesis using the in vivo rate of incorporation of intravenously infused [13C]leucine into mixed-muscle protein in both young (24 yr) and elderly (63-66 yr) men and women before and at the end of 2 wk of resistance exercise training. Before training, the fractional rate of muscle protein synthesis was lower in the elderly than in the young (0.030 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.049 +/- 0.004%/h; P = 0.004) but increased (P < 0.03) to a comparable rate of muscle protein synthesis in both young (0.075 +/- 0.009%/h) and elderly subjects (0.076 +/- 0.011%/h) after 2 wk of exercise. In the elderly, muscle mass, 24-h urinary 3-methylhistidine and creatinine excretion, and whole body protein breakdown rate determined during the [13C]leucine infusion were not changed after 2 wk of exercise. These findings demonstrate that, during the initial phase of a resistance exercise training program, a marked increase in quadriceps muscle protein synthesis rate occurs in elderly and young adults without an increase in the rate of whole body protein breakdown. In the elderly, this was not accompanied by an increase in urinary 3-methylhistidine excretion, an index of myofibrillar protein breakdown.

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