Adaptations to low temperature in high altitude insects from Mount Kenya

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURITZ SØMME ◽  
KARL ERIK ZACHARIASSEN
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude

scholarly journals Study on the Geological Condition Analysis and Grade Division of High Altitude and Cold Stope Slope

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12464
Author(s):  
Ruichong Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Wu ◽  
Chenyu Xie ◽  
Qingfa Chen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Geological Condition ◽  
Rock Layer ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Grade Division ◽  
Grade Iii

Analysis of the geological conditions of high-altitude and low-temperature stope slopes and the study of grade division are the basis for the evaluation of slope stability. Based on the engineering background of the eastern slope of the Preparatory iron mine in Hejing County, Xinjiang, we comprehensively analyse and summarize the factors that affect the geological conditions of high-altitude and cold slopes and finally determine nine geological conditions that affect the index parameters. Based on a back-propagation (BP) neural network algorithm, we establish an applicable network model to analyse the geological conditions of slopes in cold areas. The model is applied to the eastern slope to analyse and classify the geological conditions of the high-altitude and low-temperature slopes. The research results show that the skarn rock layer in the eastern slope is in a stable state and not prone to landslides, and its corresponding geological condition is Grade I; meanwhile, the monzonite porphyry rock layer is in a relatively stable state, with a potential for landslides and a corresponding geological condition Grade II. The marble rock layer is in a generally stable state, there is the possibility of landslide accidents, and the corresponding geological condition level is Grade III. The limestone rock layer is in an unstable state and prone to landslide accidents, it has a corresponding geology condition Grade IV. Therefore, the eastern slope can be divided into different geological condition regions: Zone I, Zone II, Zone III, and Zone IV, and the corresponding geological condition levels for these are Grade I, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV. These results may provide a basis for the stability evaluation of high altitudes and cold slopes.

scholarly journals Diversity and Distribution of Bracket Fungi in Mt. Kilakiron, Bukidnon, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Mc Arthur Lequin Cababan ◽  
Aprille Kake Ora Jaranilla ◽  
Mariane Catayas Bastatas ◽  
Chazzel Feel Comonong Salvane ◽  
Uzziel Campuso Toldo
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Total Species

Fungi have a lot of important function in the bionetwork resembling to decomposition and even nutrient cycling with respect to its symbiotic relationships with trees and other plants. This study aimed to assess the diversity and distribution of bracket fungi in Mt. Kilakiron, Portulin, Pangantucan, Bukidnon. Thus, floristic survey was conducted in one of the mountain of Mindanao to provide information as to what and how many species of bracket fungi are present in Mt. Kilakioron, Bukidnon, Philippines.  40 total species belonging to 17 genera and 5 family was collected and assessed. 12 individuals of Trametes versicolor were observe which favors dwellings with low temperature and high altitude are. Additionally, study revealed that most types of bracket fungi initiate in the site are decomposers and saprophytic in nature which contributes a lot in the process of putrefaction. The species of bracket fungi in Mt. Kilakiron clearly shows abundant and provides a large contribution to the ecosystem having high Shannon diversity index. The significance of each environmental factor is discussed in relationship to the ecology of the species. Bracket fungi are reliant on the climatic and conservational settings which makes them as excellent natural pointers of ecosystem in the forests of Mindanao Island, Philippines.

Unimpeded migration of ions in carbon electrodes with bimodal pores at an ultralow temperature of −100 °C

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (27) ◽  
pp. 16339-16346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Jiang Xu ◽  
Joselito M. Razal ◽  
Ningyi Yuan ◽  
Xiaoshuang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Discharge Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Ultralow Temperature ◽  
Temperature Applications

The ability to rapidly charge (and discharge) energy storage devices at extremely low temperature (down to −100 °C) is critical for low-temperature applications such as high altitude exploration and space missions.

Tunnel Collapse Treatment Technique Research in Xinjiang Tianshan High-Altitude, Low-Temperature Mountain

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 1161-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Sheng Zhu ◽  
Xiao Hua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Deformation Rate ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Outlet Section ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Technical Effect ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Tunnel Collapse

Based on YuXiMoLeGai tunnel in G217 Cholma to the Nalati highway, aiming at the outlet section of K723+911~K723+919 collapse, through model experiment and numerical calculation combined with on-site measurement, the article studies tunnel collapse treatment technique and technical effect in xinjiang tianshan mountains in the geological conditions of high altitude, low temperature, crushing of rock mass and rock rich in water. The results show that after the CRD method, expanding the scope of the grouting construction, increasing the number of small duct grouting lock foot, strengthening methods of supporting parameters are adopted, vault subsidence deformation rate is 0.4-1.5 mm/d, peripheral convergence deformation rate is 0.5-2.2 mm/d, stress the most unfavorable right hance monthly increase in stress and strain amplitude is 3.97% and 2.35% respectively.The treatment controls the land slide body deformation and stress well.

Differential acclimation potential to low temperatures in two species of Lycopersicon: photosynthesis and growth

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1303-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Eduardo Vallejos ◽  
Robert W. Pearcy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Similar Temperature ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Acclimation Potential

The effect of growth temperature on the temperature responses of photosynthesis and on growth as estimated from plastochron measurements of L. esculentum, a high-altitude ecotype of L. hirsutum, and their hybrid was studied. The two species and their hybrid displayed similar temperature responses of photosynthesis when they were grown under a thermo-period of 25:18 °C. However, when the growth temperature was decreased to 12:5 °C, only L. hirsutum and the hybrid showed the ability to acclimate by increasing their photosynthetic rates at low temperatures. Growth exhibited a similar response to a shift to the low-temperature regime since the growth rate of L. esculentum was reduced to a greater extent than that of L. hirsutum. Moreover, L. hirsutum resumed growth at a faster rate after a short period of time, whereas L. esculentum did not. These results show that there are parallel differences in the capacity of photosynthesis and growth to acclimate to low temperatures between L. esculentum and the high-altitude L. hirsutum.

scholarly journals Current and Future Potential Distribution of Wild Strawberry Species in the Biodiversity Hotspot of Yunnan Province, China

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Junyu Yang ◽  
Daifa Su ◽  
Shijie Wei ◽  
Shanyan Chen ◽  
Zhiwei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Tetraploid Species ◽  
Wild Strawberry ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Suitable Area

Based on 243 current valid distribution records for six wild strawberry species in China and data on 20 environmental variables, the geographical distributions of and potentially suitable areas for the wild strawberry species in Yunnan Province (China) under the current climate scenario were explored using the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software, and major environmental variables affecting their geographical distributions were evaluated. In addition, the spatio-temporal dynamic patterns of the suitable areas for the six wild strawberry species in Yunnan Province in the 2050s and 2070s under the two climate models of RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 were predicted. Under the current climate scenario, the six wild strawberry species have suitable areas in Yunnan Province, which were mainly distributed in the high-altitude and low-temperature regions in the northwest and northeast, such as Diqing and Zhaotong. In addition, the average size of the highly suitable area for diploid wild strawberry species was greater than that for tetraploid species. Under the future climate scenarios, the average size of the highly suitable area for diploid species showed a tendency to expand, while that of tetraploid species showed a tendency to shrink. Altitude was a critical variable affecting the distribution of tetraploid species. Under the two future climate models of RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, the suitable areas for wild strawberry species shifted to the regions of high latitude, high altitude, and low temperature. In addition, the average distance in the shift of the suitable area for tetraploid strawberry species was greater than that for the suitable area for diploid strawberry species. The above results provide valuable information for the management and protection of the germplasm resources of Fragaria.

Hybrid Method Based on FV Concept for Lean Blowout Limits Predictions for Aero Engine Combustors With Low Inlet Temperature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Lei ◽  
Huang Yong ◽  
Feng Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Lean Blowout ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Flight Envelope ◽  
Aero Engines ◽  
Additional Equation

Abstract Lean blowout (LBO) limit is one of the most important parameters for aero engines. The LBO must be avoided during the whole flight envelope and modes. Thus the LBO limit should be predicted accurately during the research and development (R&D) process of an aero engine combustor. Some prediction models had been proposed by the previous studies. Lefebvre’s LBO model is widely used among these models due to its good accuracy and generality. Based on Lefebvre’s LBO model, the flame volume (FV) model is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy as well as keep the good generality. However, an additional equation is needed when the FV model is applied to predict the LBO limit. Based on our previous studies, the volume in the combustor liner enclosed by the iso-surface whose temperature is 900K could be chosen as the flame volume. The flame volume could be served as the additional equation and further makes the FV model available for the LBO limit prediction. This method could be named as the hybrid method based on the FV concept in this paper. On the other hand, the LBO limit at high altitude is attracting more and more attentions due to the extension of the flight envelope and modes in the recent years. Low inlet temperature is one of the most typical characteristics for the operating condition at high altitude. The temperature could reach less than −40 °C at high altitude. Compared with the normal condition, the characteristics of flow, atomization and combustion are different at the low temperature condition. In this paper, the hybrid method based on the FV concept is applied to predict the LBO limits of 11 combustors with low inlet temperature. The inlet temperature is 236.2K (corresponding to the altitude of 8km). The results show that the flame volumes obtained by the numerical simulation vary near linearly with the fuel/air ratio when the fuel/air ratio is close to the LBO limits. For all these 11 combustor configurations, the LBO limits with low inlet temperature (236.2K) obtained from the hybrid method based on the FV concept are significantly larger than those with normal inlet temperature (300K) obtained from experiments. The maximum and minimum increases are 29% and 2%, respectively. The LBO limits increases are more than 20% and 10% for 6 out of the 11 combustors and 9 out of the 11 combustors, respectively. The reasons for the increase of the LBO limits at low temperature include the decreasing of chemical reaction rate and evaporation rate, the increasing of the mean drop size.

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