Potential of non-GMO biofortified pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) for increasing iron and zinc content and their estimated bioavailability during abrasive decortication

Twenty-two open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) genotypes were tested in two locations for three seasons in Ghana to estimate the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability, and stability for grain yield and related traits and grain micronutrients among the varieties. General analysis of variance within and across locations and years revealed very highly significant variability ( p < 0.01 ) among the genotypes. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analyses revealed significant genotype × environment interaction (GEI) that influenced the relative ranking of genotypes across the environments. Genotypic variance ( σ 2 g ) contributed a greater proportion of the phenotypic variance (σ2p) for plant height (530.31) and grain Fe content (34.72). Broad-sense heritability ( h b s 2 ) varied widely from 24.82% for grain yield to 77.53% in days to flower. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all traits, indicating strong play of environment on trait expressions. 11 out of the 22 OPVs were stable for grain yield and micronutrients across environments for the three-year period and included GB 8735 and ICMV 221 Wbr and SOSAT-C88.

Download Full-text

Stage Specific Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis To Reveal Gene Networks Regulating Iron And Zinc Content In Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

10.21203/rs.3.rs-903625/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

C. Tara Satyavathi ◽

Rukam S. Tomar ◽

Supriya Ambawat ◽

Jasminkumar Kheni ◽

Shital M. Padhiyar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Gene Networks ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Gene Annotation ◽

Zinc Content ◽

High Yield ◽

Poor People ◽

Zinc Metabolism ◽

Iron And Zinc ◽

Metabolic Activities

Abstract Pearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people which is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high Fe and Zn showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. In the present study, the 83,721 transcripts were also examined for identification of SSRs. A total of 4,327 SSRs were identified with dominance of tri-nucleotide SSRs in comparison to di-nucleotide SSRs. These EST-SSRs can be used in molecular breeding, genetic diversity analysis and determination of heterozygosity of the allelic loci. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.

Download Full-text

Stage specific comparative transcriptomic analysis to reveal gene networks regulating iron and zinc content in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-04388-0 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

C. Tara Satyavathi ◽

Rukam S. Tomar ◽

Supriya Ambawat ◽

Jasminkumar Kheni ◽

Shital M. Padhiyar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Gene Networks ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Gene Annotation ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

High Yield ◽

Poor People ◽

Zinc Metabolism ◽

Iron And Zinc

AbstractPearl millet is an important staple food crop of poor people and excels all other cereals due to its unique features of resilience to adverse climatic conditions. It is rich in micronutrients like iron and zinc and amenable for focused breeding for these micronutrients along with high yield. Hence, this is a key to alleviate malnutrition and ensure nutritional security. This study was conducted to identify and validate candidate genes governing grain iron and zinc content enabling the desired modifications in the genotypes. Transcriptome sequencing using ION S5 Next Generation Sequencer generated 43.5 million sequence reads resulting in 83,721 transcripts with N50 of 597 bp and 84.35% of transcripts matched with the pearl millet genome assembly. The genotypes having high iron and zinc showed differential gene expression during different stages. Of which, 155 were up-regulated and 251 were down-regulated while during flowering stage and milking stage 349 and 378 transcripts were differentially expressed, respectively. Gene annotation and GO term showed the presence of transcripts involved in metabolic activities associated with uptake and transport of iron and zinc. Information generated will help in gaining insights into iron and zinc metabolism and develop genotypes with high yield, grain iron and zinc content.

Download Full-text

Iron and Zinc Content in Raw and Cooked Varieties of Pearl Millet Consumed in Banaskantha District, Gujarat

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety ◽

10.9734/ejnfs/2015/21271 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (5`) ◽

pp. 1113-1113

Author(s):

Vanisha Nambiar ◽

Neha Sareen

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Iron And Zinc

Download Full-text

Genotype × environment interaction and genetic association of grain iron and zinc content with other agronomic traits in RIL population of pearl millet

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp18306 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

pp. 1092

Author(s):

Tripti Singhal ◽

C. Tara Satyavathi ◽

Aruna Kumar ◽

S. Mukesh Sankar ◽

S. P. Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Selection Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype Environment Interaction ◽

Zn Content

Biofortification of lines of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) with increased iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) will have great impact because pearl millet is an indispensable component of food and nutritional security of inhabitants of arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of the present study was to assess the stability of Fe and Zn content in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed for grain Fe and Zn content, and to use these lines in developing micronutrient-rich pearl millet hybrids. A mapping population consisting of 210 RILs along, with parents and checks, was assessed in three consecutive years (2014–16) under rainfed conditions at the same experimental location in an alpha design with two repetitions. Significant differences were observed in genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction mean squares for all variables, particularly grain micronutrients. The first two principal components of an interaction principal component analysis cumulatively explained 100% of the total variation; respective contributions of the first and second components were 64.0% and 36.0% for Fe, and 58.1% and 41.9% for Zn. A positive and moderately high correlation (0.696**) between Fe and Zn contents suggests good prospects of simultaneous improvement for both micronutrients. Among the 210 RILs, RIL 69, RIL 186, RIL 191, RIL 149 and RIL 45 were found to be more stable with higher mean micronutrient content, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction stability value (ASV) and genotype selection index (GSI) under rainfed condition. These RILs are promising and can be tested further for their combining ability for yield as well as grain micronutrient content for developing superior biofortified, heterotic pearl millet hybrids.

Download Full-text

The Challenges and Opportunities Associated with Biofortification of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) with Elevated Levels of Grain Iron and Zinc

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2016.01944 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hanna R. Manwaring ◽

H. F. J. Bligh ◽

Rattan Yadav

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Pennisetum Glaucum ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Iron And Zinc

Download Full-text

Characterization and genetic potential of African pearl millet named landraces conserved at the ICRISAT genebank

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262116000113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 438-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. D. Upadhyaya ◽

K. N. Reddy ◽

M. Irshad Ahmed ◽

Senthil Ramachandran ◽

Vinod Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearl Millet ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Genetic Potential ◽

World Collection ◽

Iron And Zinc ◽

Cluster 2 ◽

Adoption Pattern ◽

High Tillering

AbstractThe world collection of pearl millet at ICRISAT genebank includes 19,696 landraces. Passport and characterization data of 2,929 accessions belonging to 89 named landraces originating in 15 countries of Africa was used to study the adoption pattern and genetic potential. Out of 89 named landraces under study, 71 were grown in one country, 11 in two countries, six in three countries and one in four countries. Latitude and prevailing climate at collection sites were found as the important determinants of cultivation pattern of landraces. A hierarchical cluster analysis using 12 agronomic traits resulted in five clusters. Cluster 1 for late flowering, short height in rainy season, high tillering and thin panicles; cluster 2 for early flowering; cluster 3 for stout panicles in both the seasons and larger seeds and cluster 5 for longer panicles in both seasons, were found as promising sources. IP 8957, IP 8958, IP 8964 of Iniadi landrace for short height, downy mildew and rust resistance and high seed iron and zinc contents; IP 17521 of Gnali (106.9 ppm) and IP 11523 of Idiyouwe (106.5 ppm) for high seed iron content; IP 17518 of Gnali (79.1 ppm) and IP 11535 of Iniadi (78.4 ppm) for high seed zinc content were the important sources. All accessions of Raa for high seed protein content (>15%) and those of Enele for drought tolerance, were found to be promising sources. Further evaluation of promising sources identified in this study is needed for enhanced utilization of germplasm in pearl millet improvement.

Download Full-text