Genotype × environment interaction and genetic association of grain iron and zinc content with other agronomic traits in RIL population of pearl millet

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Tripti Singhal ◽  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
Aruna Kumar ◽  
S. Mukesh Sankar ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Zn Content

Biofortification of lines of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) with increased iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) will have great impact because pearl millet is an indispensable component of food and nutritional security of inhabitants of arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of the present study was to assess the stability of Fe and Zn content in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed for grain Fe and Zn content, and to use these lines in developing micronutrient-rich pearl millet hybrids. A mapping population consisting of 210 RILs along, with parents and checks, was assessed in three consecutive years (2014–16) under rainfed conditions at the same experimental location in an alpha design with two repetitions. Significant differences were observed in genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction mean squares for all variables, particularly grain micronutrients. The first two principal components of an interaction principal component analysis cumulatively explained 100% of the total variation; respective contributions of the first and second components were 64.0% and 36.0% for Fe, and 58.1% and 41.9% for Zn. A positive and moderately high correlation (0.696**) between Fe and Zn contents suggests good prospects of simultaneous improvement for both micronutrients. Among the 210 RILs, RIL 69, RIL 186, RIL 191, RIL 149 and RIL 45 were found to be more stable with higher mean micronutrient content, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction stability value (ASV) and genotype selection index (GSI) under rainfed condition. These RILs are promising and can be tested further for their combining ability for yield as well as grain micronutrient content for developing superior biofortified, heterotic pearl millet hybrids.

Assessment of phenotypic diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] germplasm of Indian origin and identification of trait-specific germplasm

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Kumari ◽  
Manas K. Bag ◽  
S. Pandey ◽  
S. K. Jha ◽  
S. S. Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Germplasm Collections

Evaluation of genetic diversity within germplasm collections and identification of trait-specific germplasm is a basic requirement for plant breeders. A total of 221 Indian pearl millet collections from the National Genebank were characterised and evaluated for 27 agro-morphological descriptors. Considerable variation was observed for all characters. Frequency distribution analysis showed predominance of cylindrical and compact spike, grey seeds, earliness (less than 40 days to spike emergence). Hierarchical clustering method was used for classifying 221 pearl millet accessions based on agronomic and disease resistance traits, which resulted into three clusters. Clusters 1, 2 and 3 comprised 91, 54 and 76 accessions respectively. There was high correspondence between the geographic collection sites of accessions and their inclusion in particular clusters. In addition, principal component analysis was used for data reduction and generating biplot. First four principal components explained 66.43% of total variability. Among the traits analysed, plant height, nodes/plant, days to spike emergence, number of tillers, leaf width and leaf length are major contributor towards phenotypic diversity. Further the trait-specific germplasm were identified for agronomic traits, disease resistance, popping and antioxidants activity, namely for earliness (IC343664, IC343689, IC343661, IC309064), spike girth (IC283693, IC283842, IC367638), dual purpose with high grain and fodder yield (IC283705, IC283745, IC283885 and IC335901 and so on). Four accessions of pearl millet germplasm viz., IC309064, IC393365, IC306465 and IC283866, were observed as multiple disease resistant. This study suggested that application of appropriate techniques and their interpretations provide more efficient way to identify potential accessions and improve the utilisation of germplasm collections in plant breeding.

Identification of new stable and high iron rich fertility restorers in pearl millet

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tripti . Singhal ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
S. Mukesh Sankar ◽  
C. . Bharadwaj ◽  
C. . Bharadwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
High Iron ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Promising Line ◽  
Fertility Restorers

Biofortification of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) with improved iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) will have great impact as it is an indispensable component of nutritional security of inhabitants of arid and semi-arid regions. Ten genotypes along with checks were evaluated in RBD in six locations during kharif, 2016 under rainfed conditions. Significant differences were observed in genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction mean squares for grain Fe and Zn contents, indicating differential nutrient accumulation by the genotypes. The first two principal components obtained in AMMI analysis were significant and cumulatively explained the total variation were 81.47 % for Fe and 73.97 % for Zn. A positive and moderately high correlation (r=0.6) between Fe and Zn contents suggests good prospects of simultaneous improvement for both micronutrients. Among the ten genotypes, PPMI 953 was found to be more stable with high mean Fe (90 ppm) and Zn (59 ppm) contents. On crossing with designated A lines of pearl millet, the line PPMI 953 found to be restorer for A1 system with complete fertility restoration of F1 panicle of the cross, ICMA(1) 863 x PPMI 953 under bagged condition and resulting F1 with 78-84% fertility measured by seed setting % under bag. The F2 individuals showed 9:7 fertility-sterility ratio (χ 2 value=0.002, P value=0.964). The promising line, PPMI 953 may be used as source for further genetic improvement with respect to grain micronutrient content or can be directly used as male parent in development of high iron pearl millet hybrids.

scholarly journals Genotype by Environment Interaction on Grain Yield Stability and Iron and Zinc Content in OPV of Pearl Millet in Ghana Using the AMMI Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peter Anabire Asungre ◽  
Richard Akromah ◽  
Alexander Wireko Kena ◽  
Prakash Gangashetty
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Twenty-two open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) genotypes were tested in two locations for three seasons in Ghana to estimate the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability, and stability for grain yield and related traits and grain micronutrients among the varieties. General analysis of variance within and across locations and years revealed very highly significant variability ( p < 0.01 ) among the genotypes. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analyses revealed significant genotype × environment interaction (GEI) that influenced the relative ranking of genotypes across the environments. Genotypic variance ( σ 2 g ) contributed a greater proportion of the phenotypic variance (σ2p) for plant height (530.31) and grain Fe content (34.72). Broad-sense heritability ( h b s 2 ) varied widely from 24.82% for grain yield to 77.53% in days to flower. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all traits, indicating strong play of environment on trait expressions. 11 out of the 22 OPVs were stable for grain yield and micronutrients across environments for the three-year period and included GB 8735 and ICMV 221 Wbr and SOSAT-C88.

scholarly journals Performance and Stability of Pearl Millet Varieties for Grain Yield and Micronutrients in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sanjana Reddy ◽  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
Vikas Khandelwal ◽  
H. T. Patil ◽  
P. C. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Pearl Millet Cultivars ◽  
Semi Arid

Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is grown under both arid and semi-arid conditions in India, where other cereals are hard to grow. Pearl millet cultivars, hybrids, and OPVs (open pollinated varieties) are tested and released by the All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet (AICRP-PM) across three zones (A1, A, and B) that are classified based on rainfall pattern. Except in locations with extreme weather conditions, hybrids dominate pearl millet growing areas, which can be attributed to hybrid vigor and the active role of the private sector. The importance of OPVs cannot be ruled out, owing to wider adaptation, lower input cost, and timely seed availability to subsidiary farmers cultivating this crop. This study was conducted to scrutinize the presently used test locations for evaluation of pearl millet OPVs across India, identify the best OPVs across locations, and determine the variation in grain Fe and Zn contents across locations in these regions. Six varieties were evaluated across 20 locations in A1 and A (pooled as A) and B zones along with three common checks and additional three zonal adapted checks in the respective zones during the 2019 rainy season. Recorded data on yield and quality traits were analyzed using genotype main effects and genotype × environment interaction biplot method. The genotype × environment (G × E) interaction was found to be highly significant for all the grain yield and agronomic traits and for both micronutrients (iron and zinc). However, genotypic effect (G) was four (productive tillers) to 49 (grain Fe content) times that of G × E interaction effect for various traits across zones that show the flexibility of OPVs. Ananthapuramu is the ideal test site for selecting pearl millet cultivars effectively for adaptation across India, while Ananthapuramu, Perumallapalle, and Gurugram can also be used as initial testing locations. OPVs MP 599 and MP 600 are identified as ideal genotypes, because they showed higher grain and fodder yields and stability compared with other cultivars. Iron and zinc concentration showed highly significant positive correlation (across environment = 0.83; p &lt; 0.01), indicating possibility of simultaneous effective selection for both traits. Three common checks were found to be significantly low yielders than the test entries or zonal checks in individual zones and across India, indicating the potential of genetic improvement through OPVs.

GROUPING LOCATIONS FOR EFFICIENT CASSAVA EVALUATION IN MALAWI

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. MKUMBIRA ◽  
N. M. MAHUNGU ◽  
U. GULLBERG
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Scatter Plot ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Breeding Zone ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Pair Wise Comparison ◽  
Better Than

Cassava, a crop widely adapted in the tropics, has the important attribute of withstanding adverse environmental conditions better than do many other staple crops. The performance of an individual genotype, however, is influenced by the environment in which it grows. In Malawi, the heterogeneity of agro-ecologies requires the cumbersome and costly assessment of new cassava genotypes at many sites. This study was conducted, therefore, to test the feasibility of selecting only a few locations for cassava evaluation that would be representative of all the agro-ecologies in which cassava is grown in Malawi. Enormous environmental effects, largely contributed by the interaction between season and location, were manifested. Genotype×environment interaction, due largely to a third level interaction (genotype×season×location), was highly significant for all the traits studied. A principal component analysis scatter plot showed no particular grouping of environments, but a pair-wise comparison showed that some of the locations had limited genotype×environment interaction, indicating that it would be sufficient to use one of these sites for evaluating these traits. The value of the residual was often large, probably as an effect of environmental heterogeneity in the test sites. The authors conclude that cassava genetic improvement will continue to be slow if Malawi is used as a single breeding zone. They recommend a much finer grouping of the locations and the use of smaller plot sizes to allow more clones to be tested at more sites for the same cost. Locations may be selected for intensive cassava breeding work from those that give the best discrimination between genotypes while having insignificant genotype×environment interactions in a relatively large number of environments.

Evaluation of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] for grain iron and zinc content in different agro climatic zones of India

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Anuradha ◽  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
M. C. Meena ◽  
S. Mukesh Sankar ◽  
C. Bharadwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Inheritance of resistance to Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) disease in Zea mays (L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. DI RENZO ◽  
N. C. BONAMICO ◽  
D. D. DÍAZ ◽  
J. C. SALERNO ◽  
M. M. IBAÑEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Evaluation Activity ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction

No genetic estimates for resistance to Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) disease in Zea mays (L.) are currently available in the literature. Therefore, the objectives of this investigation were (i) to estimate the variance and heritability of partial resistance to MRC disease and of other agronomic traits from maize families and (ii) to examine associations among MRC disease severity values across different environments and between MRC and other agronomic traits. These estimations, obtained in an endemic area, could contribute to the design of efficient enhancement programmes and evaluation activity for the improvement of MRC resistance. The research was conducted by testing 227 F3 derived-lines from a cross between a susceptible dent line, Mo17, and a partially resistant flint line, BLS14, for MRC disease at two Río Cuarto locations in each of 2 years. The resistance of the lines, measured with a disease severity index (DSI), was normally distributed across environments. Genotypic variances were highly significant on all scoring environments. Estimates of genotype–environment interaction were also significant, suggesting that certain genotypes have little stability over different environments. For disease severity index all estimates demonstrated moderate heritabilities ranging from 0.44 to 0.56 and were similar when based on individual environments or across environment. Confidence interval widths ranged from 34.88 to 50.30% as large as the heritability point estimate. The correlations between environments were small enough to indicate that families did not rank similarly in individual environments for MRC resistance. Disease severity index correlated significantly (P<0.01) with plant height, leaf surface, leaf border, leaf length and tassel type. Heritability estimates for plant height and tassel type were 0.48 and 0.38 respectively and for the various leaf traits heritability values were very low. On the basis of the substantial genotype–environment interaction and the little association between DSI values in the different environments, selection for an increased resistance to MRC disease would require evaluation of germplasm across multiple years and locations. Tassel type would be a useful predictor of DSI and can be used effectively to improve screening procedures.

scholarly journals Genome-based trait prediction in multi- environment breeding trials in groundnut

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 3101-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish K. Pandey ◽  
Sunil Chaudhari ◽  
Diego Jarquin ◽  
Pasupuleti Janila ◽  
Jose Crossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Key message Comparative assessment identified naïve interaction model, and naïve and informed interaction GS models suitable for achieving higher prediction accuracy in groundnut keeping in mind the high genotype × environment interaction for complex traits. Abstract Genomic selection (GS) can be an efficient and cost-effective breeding approach which captures both small- and large-effect genetic factors and therefore promises to achieve higher genetic gains for complex traits such as yield and oil content in groundnut. A training population was constituted with 340 elite lines followed by genotyping with 58 K ‘Axiom_Arachis’ SNP array and phenotyping for key agronomic traits at three locations in India. Four GS models were tested using three different random cross-validation schemes (CV0, CV1 and CV2). These models are: (1) model 1 (M1 = E + L) which includes the main effects of environment (E) and line (L); (2) model 2 (M2 = E + L + G) which includes the main effects of markers (G) in addition to E and L; (3) model 3 (M3 = E + L + G + GE), a naïve interaction model; and (4) model 4 (E + L + G + LE + GE), a naïve and informed interaction model. Prediction accuracy estimated for four models indicated clear advantage of the inclusion of marker information which was reflected in better prediction accuracy achieved with models M2, M3 and M4 as compared to M1 model. High prediction accuracies (> 0.600) were observed for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, hundred seed weight, oleic acid, rust@90 days, rust@105 days and late leaf spot@90 days, while medium prediction accuracies (0.400–0.600) were obtained for pods/plant, shelling  %, and total yield/plant. Assessment of comparative prediction accuracy for different GS models to perform selection for untested genotypes, and unobserved and unevaluated environments provided greater insights on potential application of GS breeding in groundnut.

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