The Atlantic-Mediterranean watershed, river basins and glacial history shape the genetic structure of Iberian poplars

AbstractNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a globally significant aquaculture species rapidly gaining status as a farmed commodity. In West Africa, wild Nile tilapia genetic resources are abundant yet knowledge of fine-scale population structure and patterns of natural genetic variation are limited. Coinciding with this is a burgeoning growth in tilapia aquaculture in Ghana and other countries within the region underpinned by locally available genetic resources. Using 192 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers this study conducted a genetic survey of Nile tilapia throughout West Africa, sampling 23 wild populations across eight countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Mali, Gambia and Senegal), representing the major catchments of the Volta, Niger, Senegal and Gambia River basins. A pattern of isolation-by-distance and significant spatial genetic structure was identified throughout West Africa (Global FST = 0.144), which largely corresponds to major river basins and, to a lesser extent, sub-basins. Two populations from the Gambia River (Kudang and Walekounda), one from the western Niger River (Lake Sélingué) and one from the upper Red Volta River (Kongoussi) showed markedly lower levels of diversity and high genetic differentiation compared to all other populations, suggesting genetically isolated populations occurring across the region. Genetic structure within the Volta Basin did not always follow the pattern expected for sub-river basins. This study identifies clear genetic structuring and differentiation amongst West African Nile tilapia populations, which concur with broad patterns found in previous studies. In addition, we provide new evidence for fine-scale genetic structuring within the Volta Basin and previously unidentified genetic differences of populations in Gambia. The 192 SNP marker suite used in this study is a useful tool for differentiating tilapia populations and we recommend incorporating this marker suite into future population screening of O. niloticus. Our results form the basis of a solid platform for future research on wild tilapia genetic resources in West Africa, and the identification of potentially valuable germplasm for use in ongoing breeding programs for aquaculture.

Download Full-text

Absence of genetic structure reflects post-glacial history and present-day host use in Mapleleaf (Quadrula quadrula) mussel from Manitoba, Canada

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/cjz-2019-0227 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (8) ◽

pp. 551-556

Author(s):

N.M. VanTassel ◽

C.E. Beaver ◽

D.A. Watkinson ◽

T.J. Morris ◽

D.T. Zanatta

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Great Lakes ◽

Host Use ◽

Ohio River ◽

Glacial History ◽

Genetic Population ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Declining Populations ◽

River Drainages

Our study documents and analyzes the absence of genetic diversity and structure of the Mapleleaf (Quadrula quadrula (Rafinesque, 1820)) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) mussel in the Lake Winnipeg, Assiniboine River, and Red River drainages (Manitoba, Canada). Previous studies have revealed patterns of genetic diversity and structure in the Mississippi and Ohio river drainages, as well as in the Laurentian Great Lakes drainage. Genotypes from six variable microsatellite loci showed that the Q. quadrula population in Manitoba was significantly differentiated from the population in the Great Lakes drainage (Ontario, Canada), supporting the existence of two Designatable Units in Canada. Conversely, there was no evidence of genetic structure within the sampled range of Q. quadrula in Manitoba. The lack of genetic structure in Q. quadrula across its distribution in Manitoba reflected its post-glacial history and use of a vagile host and necessitates that efforts should be made to ensure connectivity and maintain gene flow across the region. Given that the evidence suggests that Manitoba Q. quadrula belong to a single genetic population, movement of hatchery-propagated juvenile Q. quadrula, adult Q. quadrula, or glochidia-carrying host catfish sourced from any location in Manitoba could be used to augment declining populations or at-risk locations in Manitoba.

Download Full-text

Variation and its distribution in wild cacao populations from the Brazilian Amazon

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132003000400003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 507-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias ◽

Júlio Pontes Barriga ◽

Paulo Yoshio Kageyama ◽

Caio Márcio Vasconcellos Cordeiro de Almeida

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

River Basins ◽

Collection Management ◽

Gene Conservation ◽

Seed Traits ◽

Univariate Analyses ◽

Insight Into

A sample of 64 progenies (320 cacao trees as a whole) from four Brazilian Amazon basins was collected and evaluated on the basis of 15 fruit and seed traits. Nested univariate analyses of variance showed significant variation across progenies and basins. However, most of the variability appeared to be due to among trees and basins differences. The multivariate analysis showed that the differentiation in cacao populations occurred among basins. Since cacao diversity was predominantly found in trees within basins and among basins, one should optimize the collecting process by taking as many trees as possible starting from few progenies and many river basins. These findings seemed to validate gene conservation efforts made to date to preserve the cacao genetic resources and provide insight into the cacao genetic structure aiming cacao collection, management and improvement.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity and structure of Astrocaryum jauari (Mart.) palm in two Amazon river basins

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/1984-70332014v14n3a25 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 166-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Liliane D. Santos Oliveira ◽

Santiago L. Ferreyra Ramos ◽

Maria T. Gomes Lopes ◽

Gabriel Dequigiovanni ◽

Elizabeth Ann Veasey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Microsatellite Loci ◽

Plant Material ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

River Basins ◽

Genetic Analyses ◽

Main River ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

Astrocaryum jauari is a non-domesticated palm that is exploited by poachers. Our objective was to investigate the organization of the geneticdiversity and structure of three A. jauari populations. The study was carried out in the state of Amazonas, between the municipalities of Coari and Manaus. Nine microsatellite loci were used for the genetic analyses. High genetic variation was found, with a mean number of alleles per locus varying from 3.9 to 4.4. The average observed heterozygosity, varying from 0.71 to 0.78, was higher than expected. No spatial genetic structure was detected, since only one cluster was observed. Our results indicate a possible dispersion strategy and suggest that conservation measures of this species should focus mainly on the populations found at the end of the main river (Solimões) where most of the plant material originating from the headwaters of the tributaries of this river is concentrated.

Download Full-text

Population genetic structure and phylogeography of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus, Acipenseridae) in the Ob and Yenisei river basins

Mitochondrial DNA Part A ◽

10.1080/24701394.2018.1467409 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 156-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria A. Pobedintseva ◽

Alexey I. Makunin ◽

Iliya G. Kichigin ◽

Anastasia I. Kulemzina ◽

Nataliya A. Serdyukova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic ◽

River Basins ◽

Yenisei River ◽

Acipenser Ruthenus ◽

Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus

Download Full-text

Spatial genetic structure in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) meta-population from its core range in Italy

Contributions to Zoology ◽

10.1163/18759866-bja10012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 70-92

Author(s):

Maria Buglione ◽

Simona Petrelli ◽

Claudia Troiano ◽

Tommaso Notomista ◽

Antonio Petrella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

River Basins ◽

Lutra Lutra ◽

Population Bottlenecks ◽

Future Health ◽

Eurasian Otter ◽

Ecological Corridor ◽

Heterozygosity Excess ◽

Landscape Genetic

Abstract We characterized the genetic structure of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) meta-population living in the core of its Italian distribution range providing results from 191 fresh spraints, collected from 24 watercourses included in Southern Italy. Furthermore, according to ecological corridors and barriers, we discuss the likely ways of movement and possible evolutionary fate of these populations. We genotyped 136 samples using 11 Lut microsatellite nuclear markers amplified from faecal dna. Microsatellites were moderately variable (Ho = 0.45; He = 0.46), with a total number of alleles and average number of alleles per locus in the meta-population of 50 and 4.54, respectively. No significant heterozygosity excess was observed in meta-population suggesting no recent population bottlenecks. Bayesian clustering discriminated a sub-structuring of the meta-population in five putative clusters, indicating that local populations are genetically differentiated: three of these seem to be identifiable with geographically defined sub-populations (from the Cilento, Agri and Basento river basins). The fourth is represented by multiple sub-populations with admixed genotype, that include genotypes from the Lao, Sinni and Abatemaco river basins, living in a landscape with the higher environmental permeability. Landscape genetic analysis could provide evidence of an unexpected ecological corridor: the seacoast, highlighted, for the first time as a new way for the dispersion of the South-Italian otters. Deepening the knowledge of these perspectives is crucial to identify solid strategies aimed at the future health of the populations of the Italian otters, by restoring dispersal corridors and managing the watercourses.

Download Full-text

Historical connections among river basins and climatic changes explain the biogeographic history of a water rat

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5333 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5333 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeronymo Dalapicolla ◽

Yuri Luiz Reis Leite

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

South America ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Microsatellite Loci ◽

Species Distribution Models ◽

River Basins ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Distribution Models ◽

Flow Paths

BackgroundThe water ratNectomys squamipes(Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) is a semiaquatic rodent from eastern South America that shows shallow genetic structure across space, according to some studies. We tested the influence of hydrography and climatic changes on the genetic and phylogeographic structure of this semiaquatic small mammal.MethodsDNA sequences of two mitochondrial genetic markers (Cyt b and D-loop) and six microsatellite loci from water rats were collected at 50 localities in five river basins in the Atlantic Forest along the eastern coast of South America. We evaluated the genetic structure within and among river basins, and we estimated divergence dates. Species distribution models for the present and past were built to identify possible gene flow paths.ResultsMitochondrial data and species distribution models showed coherent results. Microsatellite loci showed a more complex pattern of genetic differentiation. The diversification ofN. squamipeshaplotypes occurred during the Pleistocene and the river basin cannot explain most of the genetic structure. We found evidence of population expansion during the last glacial maximum, and gene flow paths indicate historical connections among rivers in the Atlantic Forest.DiscussionHistorical connections among rivers in the Atlantic Forest may have allowedN. squamipesto disperse farther across and within basins, leading to shallow genetic structure. Population expansions and gene flow through the emerged continental shelf during glacial period support the Atlantis forest hypothesis, thus challenging the forest refuge hypothesis.

Download Full-text

Population Demographic and Genetic Structure of Plains Killifish from the Kansas and Arkansas River Basins in Kansas

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society ◽

10.1577/1548-8659(1986)115<568:pdagso>2.0.co;2 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 115 (4) ◽

pp. 568-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Karen L. Brown

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

River Basins ◽

Arkansas River ◽

Population Demographic ◽

Plains Killifish

Download Full-text

Mitochondrial DNA analyses of the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) from the Northern Territory of Australia

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo12008 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Naomi L. Luck ◽

Kristen C. Thomas ◽

Victoria E. Morin-Adeline ◽

Sophie Barwick ◽

Amanda Y. Chong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Control Region ◽

Unknown Origin ◽

Mitochondrial Control Region ◽

River Basins ◽

Northern Territory ◽

Phylogeographic Pattern ◽

Control Region Sequences ◽

Saltwater Crocodile ◽

Crocodylus Porosus

The saltwater crocodile is distributed throughout south-east Asia and Australia. In Australia, it is most abundant in the Northern Territory and Queensland, where it is sustainably farmed for its skins and meat. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationships and genetic structure among saltwater crocodiles from the Northern Territory of Australia using mitochondrial control region sequences from 61 individuals, representing nine river basins and six of unknown origin, as well as published sequences from other regions. Eight mitochondrial control region haplotypes were identified among both published and novel sequences. Three of the haplotypes appear to be restricted to specimens from northern Australia, with a single haplotype being the most widely dispersed across all river basins. Although Analysis of Molecular Variance provides some support for differentiation among river basins, the frequency of shared haplotypes among these geographical units and median-joining network analysis do not support a clear genetic structure or phylogeographic pattern for saltwater crocodiles in the Northern Territory. The results of this study will assist in furthering our understanding of the genetic diversity of wild saltwater crocodile populations used for ranching in the Northern Territory, as well as providing a framework for assessing the origin of unknown specimens in the future.

Download Full-text