Giardia muris-induced depression of the primary immune response in spleen and mesenteric lymph node cell cultures to sheep red blood cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BELOSEVIC ◽  
G. M. FAUBERT ◽  
J. D. MacLEAN
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Giardia Muris

scholarly journals THE PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE IN MICE

1968 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. McMaster ◽  
Robert E. Franzl
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sheep Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

The effects of a single injection of a bacterial endotoxin on the cellular changes of a primary immune response to a standard dose of sheep red blood cells were studied in the spleens and mesenteric lymph nodes of mice. Daily histological comparisons of these organs in mice, injected with endotoxin, or with antigen, or both, showed that endotoxin given simultaneously with sheep red blood cells, as antigen, significantly enhanced all of the cellular changes that appear in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens of mice that form antibody when that antigen is given alone. First, in the white pulp of the spleens and cortical regions of the nodes, there appeared an early and excessive proliferation of the large pyroninophilic cells which seems to be responsible for the earliest formation of antibody, as judged by this work and that of others cited in the body of the paper. Polymorphonuclear cells invaded the spleens of these animals early after simultaneous challenge with antigen and endotoxin, and in far greater numbers than have ever been seen in mice given the same antigen without endotoxin. "Activated" germinal centers formed in the lymphoid tissue either 1 day before the appearance of antibody in the blood stream or on the same day, and they became larger than in the mice given antigen only. On the other hand, these specific and characteristic cellular changes failed to appear in mice prevented from forming any antibody at all by injections of endotoxin given 2 days before the antigenic challenge. These findings are discussed in the light provided by data from recent reports of others as well as in the light of the accompanying paper (1) which demonstrated not only the enhancement of antibody formation following simultaneous injections of antigen and endotoxin, as already known, but a totally unexpected, complete suppression of its formation when endotoxin was given 2 days before antigen.

scholarly journals Protective Mucosal Th2 Immune Response against Toxoplasma gondii by Murine Mesenteric Lymph Node Dendritic Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 5254-5265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Dimier-Poisson ◽  
Fleur Aline ◽  
Marie-Noëlle Mévélec ◽  
Céline Beauvillain ◽  
Dominique Buzoni-Gatel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Th2 Immune Response

ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite pathogen which initially invades the intestinal epithelium before disseminating throughout the body, may cause severe sequelae in fetuses and life-threatening neuropathy in immunocompromised patients. Immune protection is usually thought to be performed through a systemic Th1 response; considering the route of parasite entry it is important to study and characterize the local mucosal immune response to T. gondii. Despite considerable effort, Toxoplasma-targeted vaccines have proven to be elusive using conventional strategies. We report the use of mesenteric lymph node dendritic cells (MLNDCs) pulsed ex vivo with T. gondii antigens (TAg) as a novel investigation approach to vaccination against T. gondii-driven pathogenic processes. Using a murine model, we demonstrate in two genetically distinct mouse strains (C57BL/6 and CBA/J) that adoptively transferred TAg-pulsed MLNDCs elicit a mucosal Toxoplasma-specific Th2-biased immune response in vivo and confer strong protection against infection. We also observe that MLNDCs mostly traffic to the intestine where they enhance resistance by reduction in the mortality and in the number of brain cysts. Thus, ex vivo TAg-pulsed MLNDCs represent a powerful tool for the study of protective immunity to T. gondii, delivered through its natural route of entry. These findings might impact the design of vaccine strategies against other invasive microorganisms known to be delivered through digestive tract.

Immune response profiles in vaccinated and non-vaccinated high- and low-responder mice during infection with the intestinal nematode Trichinella spiralis

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Robinson ◽  
T. Bellaby ◽  
D. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Genetically Determined

NIH and C57 BL/10 (BIO) mice show genetically determined differences in their response to Trichinella spiralis infection. This study examines the influence of these on parameters of the immune response to infection after vaccination using muscle-larval excretory–secretory antigen in Freund's complete adjuvant. Serum antibody levels were greatly elevated when mice of both strains were vaccinated prior to infection; however, NIH produced significantly higher-level antibody responses than B10. Vaccination accelerated and increased the capacity of mesenteric lymph node T-cells to proliferate in vitro in response to specific antigen stimulation in both mouse strains but, in general, the stimulation indices of NIH cells were higher than those of the B10. The capacity of mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) and spleen cells (SC) to produce IL-5 and γIFN was measured after specific in vitro stimulation and early γIFN secretion was noted in the supernatants of NIH MLNC and SC, but not in B10 SC. Concentrations of IL-S rose steadily over the first 10–14 days after infection in cell cultures from both strains. Prior vaccination of these animals appeared to enhance cytokine levels. It is postulated that the efficacy of vaccination in NIH mice is a consequence of their genetically determined capacity to produce early and high-level responses to the antigens of T. spiralis and to express these in intestinal effector mechanisms.

Mesenteric Lymph Node Tγδ Cells Induced by Gastrectomy in Mice Suppress Cell-Mediated Immune Response In Vitro via Released TGF-β

2007 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gryglewski ◽  
Pawel Majcher ◽  
Krzysztof Bryniarski ◽  
Stanislaw Konturek ◽  
Maria Ptak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

Th1/Th17 Immune Response Is Induced by Mesenteric Lymph Node Dendritic Cells in Crohn's Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 1736-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Sakuraba ◽  
Toshiro Sato ◽  
Nobuhiko Kamada ◽  
Mina Kitazume ◽  
Akira Sugita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph

scholarly journals Diverse Cytokine Profile from Mesenteric Lymph Node Cells of Cull Cows Severely Affected with Johne's Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1467-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dairu Shu ◽  
Supatsak Subharat ◽  
D. Neil Wedlock ◽  
Dongwen Luo ◽  
Geoffrey W. de Lisle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACTMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis, the causative agent of Johne's disease, is able to dampen or distort immune responses at the mucosal sites and coexist with a massive infiltration of immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract. Knowledge of the mechanism by whichM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosissubverts the immune response at the mucosal level in cattle is important for the development of improved disease control strategies, including new vaccines and diagnostic tests. In this study, 38 cull cows from herds infected withM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosiswere divided into four groups, based onM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisculture from gut tissues and histopathological lesion scores. Cytokine gene expression and secretion fromM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosissonicate-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cultures of the animals were compared. Antigen stimulation of MLN cells from the severely lesioned group resulted in significant upregulation of the mRNA expression of five cytokines, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, IL-17A, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which have a diverse range of functions, while there was no significant upregulation of these cytokines by the other groups. There were major differences between the responses of the PBMC and MLN cultures, with higher levels of secreted IFN-γ released from the MLN cultures and, conversely, higher levels of IL-10 released from the PBMC cultures. The upregulation of all five cytokines from cells at the site of infection in the severely lesioned animals suggested a dysregulated immune response, contributing to a failure to clear infection in this group of animals.

scholarly journals Mesenteric lymph node B lymphoblasts which home to the small intestine are precommitted to IgA synthesis.

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
M McWilliams ◽  
J M Phillips-Quagliata ◽  
M E Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Principal Source

The fate of mesenteric lymph node lymphoblasts labeled with either [125I]iododeoxyuridine or [3H]thymidine can be studied after intravenous transfer into syngeneic mice both by measurement of radioactivity in various organs and by combined immunofluorescence and autoradiography of recipient tissues. Many of the lymphoblasts home to the lamina propria of the small intestine within hours of transfer; of these, many visibly secrete IgA. To determine whether the cells that will ultimately secrete IgA are already committed to IgA synthesis before their arrival in the gut, mesenteric lymph node cell populations were treated with various class-specific antisera to mouse immunoglobulins before transfer. Treatment with antiserum to IgA, plus complement, reduced the fraction of injected label recovered from the recipients' intestines, and also reduced the proportion of donor (labeled) cells containing IgA. We conclude that mesenteric lymph nodes are probably the principal source of IgA-secreting plasma cells in the lamina propria of the gut, and that the cells become committed to IgA synthesis and develop cell surface IgA before emigrating. This IgA is apparently synthesized by the cells that bear it since it is not removed by extensive rinsing at 37 degrees C, a maneuver that elutes passively adsorbed immunoglobulin.

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