scholarly journals Maternal control of seed size by EOD3/CYP78A6 in Arabidopsis thaliana

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Fang ◽  
Zhibiao Wang ◽  
Rongfeng Cui ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Yunhai Li
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Maternal Control

scholarly journals Two β-glucuronosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of type II arabinogalactans function in mucilage polysaccharide matrix organization in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyeyemi O. Ajayi ◽  
Michael A. Held ◽  
Allan M. Showalter
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Sugar Residue ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Type Ii

Abstract Background Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are heavily glycosylated with type II arabinogalactan (AG) polysaccharides attached to hydroxyproline residues in their protein backbone. Type II AGs are necessary for plant growth and critically important for the establishment of normal cellular functions. Despite the importance of type II AGs in plant development, our understanding of the underlying role of these glycans/sugar residues in mucilage formation and seed coat epidermal cell development is poorly understood and far from complete. One such sugar residue is the glucuronic acid residues of AGPs that are transferred onto AGP glycans by the action of β-glucuronosyltransferase genes/enzymes. Results Here, we have characterized two β-glucuronosyltransferase genes, GLCAT14A and GLCAT14C, that are involved in the transfer of β-glucuronic acid (GlcA) to type II AGs. Using a reverse genetics approach, we observed that glcat14a-1 mutants displayed subtle alterations in mucilage pectin homogalacturonan (HG) compared to wild type (WT), while glcat14a-1glcat14c-1 mutants displayed much more severe mucilage phenotypes, including loss of adherent mucilage and significant alterations in cellulose ray formation and seed coat morphology. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed significant alterations in the sugar amounts of glcat14a-1glcat14c-1 mutants relative to WT in the adherent and non-adherent seed mucilage. Also, a reduction in total mucilage content was observed in glcat14a-1glcat14c-1 mutants relative to WT. In addition, glcat14a-1glcat14c-1 mutants showed defects in pectin formation, calcium content and the degree of pectin methyl-esterification (DM) as well as reductions in crystalline cellulose content and seed size. Conclusions These results raise important questions regarding cell wall polymer interactions and organization during mucilage formation. We propose that the enzymatic activities of GLCAT14A and GLCAT14C play partially redundant roles and are required for the organization of the mucilage matrix and seed size in Arabidopsis thaliana. This work brings us a step closer towards identifying potential gene targets for engineering plant cell walls for industrial applications.

MYB 56 Encoding a R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor Regulates Seed Size in Arabidopsis thaliana

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1166-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjie Zhang ◽  
Wanqi Liang ◽  
Jianxin Shi ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Dabing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Myb Transcription Factor ◽  
R2r3 Myb

scholarly journals Evidence for maternal control of seed size in maize from phenotypic and transcriptional analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Candice N. Hirsch ◽  
Rajandeep S. Sekhon ◽  
Natalia de Leon ◽  
Shawn M. Kaeppler
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Transcriptional Analysis ◽  
Maternal Control

THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF GENETIC AND MATERNAL CONTROL IN A SELECTED POPULATION OF LOLIUM PERENNE

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Hayward ◽  
T. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Maternal Control

The interrelationship of the maternal and genetic control for seed weight, rate of tiller production, length of fifth leaf, and total adult plant production in a 5 × 5 diallel cross of Lolium perenne L. were studied by estimation of the phenotypic, environmental, genetic, and maternal correlations. Genetic and maternal components of increased seed size lead to a reduction in tillering, leaf size and final production indicating that large seeds are not generally advantageous to growth and development. Environmental factors which promoted tillering also increased leaf length. Maternal control showed a similar pattern. However, genetic control indicated that the faster the tillering, the shorter the leaves, thus emphasizing the possible danger of considering only a single factor in selecting for increased yield. Phenotypic correlations indicate that total production was determined largely by tiller production with environmental factors influencing leaf length and tiller production. Neither genetic nor maternal control of tiller number or leaf size at the seedling stage greatly influenced final production, indicating that selection for either of these characters separately would not likely influence yield. The controls for maternal and additive genetic effects were found to be different. Maternal effects were strong and extended well beyond the influence of seed size effects.

scholarly journals Maternal control of seed size in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Yunhai Li
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Maternal Control

scholarly journals Local maternal control of seed size by KLUH/CYP78A5-dependent growth signaling

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (47) ◽  
pp. 20115-20120 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Adamski ◽  
E. Anastasiou ◽  
S. Eriksson ◽  
C. M. O'Neill ◽  
M. Lenhard
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Maternal Control ◽  
Dependent Growth

scholarly journals Transcription Factors SOD7/NGAL2 and DPA4/NGAL3 Act Redundantly to Regulate Seed Size by Directly Repressing KLU Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueying Zhang ◽  
Liang Du ◽  
Ran Xu ◽  
Rongfeng Cui ◽  
Jianjun Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Seed Size

scholarly journals The Arabidopsis MADS-Domain Transcription Factor SEEDSTICK Controls Seed Size via Direct Activation of E2Fa

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Dario Paolo ◽  
Lisa Rotasperti ◽  
Arp Schnittger ◽  
Simona Masiero ◽  
Lucia Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Genetic Network ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Maternal Control

Seed size is the result of complex molecular networks controlling the development of the seed coat (of maternal origin) and the two fertilization products, the embryo and the endosperm. In this study we characterized the role of Arabidopsis thaliana MADS-domain transcription factor SEEDSTICK (STK) in seed size control. STK is known to regulate the differentiation of the seed coat as well as the structural and mechanical properties of cell walls in developing seeds. In particular, we further characterized stk mutant seeds. Genetic evidence (reciprocal crosses) of the inheritance of the small-seed phenotype, together with the provided analysis of cell division activity (flow cytometry), demonstrate that STK acts in the earlier phases of seed development as a maternal activator of growth. Moreover, we describe a molecular mechanism underlying this activity by reporting how STK positively regulates cell cycle progression via directly activating the expression of E2Fa, a key regulator of the cell cycle. Altogether, our results unveil a new genetic network active in the maternal control of seed size in Arabidopsis.

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