Do You Think that the Cross Match with Donor Red Cells Can Be Omitted when the Serum of a Patient Has Been Tested for the Presence of Red Cell Alloantibodies with a Cell Panel?

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-168 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cross Match

scholarly journals Do You Think that the Cross Match with Donor Red Cells Can Be Omitted when the Serum of a Patient Has Been Tested for the Presence of Red Cell Alloantihodies with a Cell Panel?

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Bove ◽  
B. Cedergreen ◽  
R.J. Davey ◽  
P.V. Holland ◽  
J.B. Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cross Match

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF THE SPONTANEOUS ELUTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS FROM RED CELLS

1954 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Sagik ◽  
Theodore Puck ◽  
Seymour Levine
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Membrane ◽  
Virus Attachment ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
A Cell

Each chick and human red cell contains approximately 300 sites capable of attaching influenza virus particles. These correspond to an area representing approximately 2 per cent of the red cell surface. Although the rate of attachment of PR8 to red cells is not diffusion-limited, when calculated on the basis of the total cell area, it does approach the theoretical maximum for interaction between the virus and the fraction of the cell area known to contain attachment sites. It is demonstrated that the virus attachment can initiate a spreading disturbance on the red cell membrane which extends over an area far exceeding that covered by the attached virus and which leads to the destruction of receptor sites. This process does not involve cyclic virus attachment, elution from the cell, and reattachment to another site. Practically all the receptor sites on a cell are destroyed before any virus is liberated into the medium. The spontaneous elution of virus from red cells within 24 hours at 37° C. requires a threshold value of at least 3 and less than 5 virus particles per cell. Parallelisms between the spontaneous elution reaction and the phenomenon of lysis-from-without in the bacteriophage system are demonstrated.

Renal Extraction of PAH and of Diodrast-I131 as a Function of Arterial Red Cell Concentration

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Kinter ◽  
J. R. Pappenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Separation Theory ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Tubular Flow

The cell separation theory of renal hemodynamics predicts that the renal extraction of substances secreted by the tubules should vary with the concentration of red cells in arterial blood. This prediction has been tested in anesthetized cats and dogs breathing oxygen. The renal extractions of PAH and of trace concentrations of Diodrast-I131 were found to be smooth and reversible functions of the arterial red cell concentration. The transfer maxima of these substances were unaffected by removal of red cells and the extraction ratios decreased as a function of arterial hematocrit ratio even when the renal plasma flow was maintained constant. The results indicate that at low red cell concentrations about 50% of the renal plasma flow bypasses the tubular elements of the kidney. According to the cell separation theory this extra-tubular flow of plasma takes place through a short circulation which normally contains a cell-rich moiety of the blood.

Structure and invasive behaviour ofPlasmodium knowlesimerozoitesin vitro

Parasitology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Bannister ◽  
G. A. Butcher ◽  
E. D. Dennis ◽  
G. H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Interior ◽  
Cell Coat ◽  
Single Membrane ◽  
A Cell

The structure and invasive behaviour of extracellular erythrocytic merozoites prepared by a cell sieving method have been studied with the electron microscope.Free merozoites contain organelles similar to those described in late schizonts ofPlasmodium knowlesi. Their surface is lined by a coat of short filaments. On mixing with fresh red cells, merozoites at first adhere, then cause the red cell surface to invaginate rapidly, often with the formation of narrow membranous channels in the red cell interior. As the merozoite enters the invagination it forms an attachment by its cell coat to the rim of the pit, and finally leaves this coat behind as it is enclosed in a red cell vacuole. Dense, rounded intracellular bodies then move to the merozoite periphery, and apparently rupture to cause further localized invagination of the red cell vacuole. The merozoite finally loses its rhoptries, the pellicle is reduced to a single membrane and the parasite becomes a trophozoite. Invasion is complete by 1 min after adhesion, and the trophozoite is formed by 10 min.

LACK OF EFFECT OF CORTICOSTEROIDS ON THE IN VIVO DISAPPEARANCE OF SULFHYDRYL-INHIBITED AND ANTIBODY-COATED ERYTHROCYTES

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S28-S36
Author(s):  
Kailash N. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
List Type ◽  
Red Cell

ABSTRACT Red cells were incubated in vitro with sulfhydryl inhibitors and Rhantibody with and without prior incubation with prednisolone-hemisuccinate. These erythrocytes were labelled with Cr51 and P32 and their disappearance in vivo after autotransfusion was measured. Prior incubation with prednisolone-hemisuccinate had no effect on the rate of red cell disappearance. The disappearance of the cells was shown to take place without appreciable intravascular destruction.

scholarly journals Determinants of Erythrocyte Size in Chronic Liver Disease

Blood ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS M. KILBRIDGE ◽  
PAUL HELLER
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Alcoholic Cirrhosis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Volumes

Abstract Serial determinations of red cell volumes were made with an electronic sizing device in 30 patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Variations in red cell volumes were correlated with other hematologic and clinical findings. The results of these studies suggest that volume macrocytosis in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis is either due to megaloblastosis of the bone marrow or to an accelerated influx of young red cells into the peripheral blood.

scholarly journals Reduction in massive postpartum haemorrhage and red blood cell transfusion during a national quality improvement project, Obstetric Bleeding Strategy for Wales, OBS Cymru: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Bell ◽  
Rachel E. Collis ◽  
Philip Pallmann ◽  
Christopher Bailey ◽  
Kathryn James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
National Database ◽  
Care Bundle ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Red Cell Transfusion

Abstract Background Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality and its incidence is increasing in many countries despite management guidelines. A national quality improvement programme called the Obstetric Bleeding Strategy for Wales (OBS Cymru) was introduced in all obstetric units in Wales. The aim was to reduce moderate PPH (1000 mL) progressing to massive PPH (> 2500 mL) and the need for red cell transfusion. Methods A PPH care bundle was introduced into all 12 obstetric units in Wales included all women giving birth in 2017 and 2018 (n = 61,094). The care bundle prompted: universal risk assessment, quantitative measurement of blood loss after all deliveries (as opposed to visual estimation), structured escalation to senior clinicians and point-of-care viscoelastometric-guided early fibrinogen replacement. Data were submitted by each obstetric unit to a national database. Outcome measures were incidence of massive PPH (> 2500 mL) and red cell transfusion. Analysis was performed using linear regression of the all Wales monthly data. Results Uptake of the intervention was good: quantitative blood loss measurement and risk assessment increased to 98.1 and 64.5% of all PPH > 1000 mL, whilst ROTEM use for PPH > 1500 mL increased to 68.2%. Massive PPH decreased by 1.10 (95% CI 0.28 to 1.92) per 1000 maternities per year (P = 0.011). Fewer women progressed from moderate to massive PPH in the last 6 months, 74/1490 (5.0%), than in the first 6 months, 97/1386 (7.0%), (P = 0.021). Units of red cells transfused decreased by 7.4 (95% CI 1.6 to 13.2) per 1000 maternities per year (P = 0.015). Red cells were transfused to 350/15204 (2.3%) and 268/15150 (1.8%) (P = 0.001) in the first and last 6 months, respectively. There was no increase in the number of women with lowest haemoglobin below 80 g/L during this time period. Infusions of fresh frozen plasma fell and there was no increase in the number of women with haemostatic impairment. Conclusions The OBS Cymru care bundle was feasible to implement and associated with progressive, clinically significant improvements in outcomes for PPH across Wales. It is applicable across obstetric units of widely varying size, complexity and staff mixes.

BRIEF REPORT: Freeze-Cleaving of Red Cell Membranes in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Blood ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD S. WEINSTEIN ◽  
ROGER A. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Red Cell Membranes

Abstract Electron microscopic studies on dried isolated red cell ghosts have been reported to show lesions associated with cell membranes in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). In this study, carbon-platinum replicas of membranes of freeze-cleaved, partially hydrated PNH red cells and isolated PNH cell ghosts failed to confirm the existence of these abnormalities. This suggests that the previously described lesions are the products of drying artifacts, although they may reflect hidden structural differences between PNH and normal red cell membranes.

Cytogenetic, anatomical and blood group studies of sheep twin chimaeras

1970 ◽  
Vol 175 (1039) ◽  
pp. 183-200 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
X Protein ◽  
Blood Grouping

Karyotyping and blood grouping methods were used to identify sheep twin chimaeras. Evidence that an exchange of blood cell precursors (the origin of chimaerism) had taken place in utero was obtained by examining lymphocytes in culture and finding the chromosomes of both sexes in one individual, or by finding admixture of red cell antigens, haemoglobin or ‘X ’ protein. Where chimaerism of sex chromosomes was found the pairs had identical red cell types, but two separate populations of red cells were not always identifiable. The four females in the pairs studied were freemartins. No correlation was found between the relative proportions of the two red cell populations and those of the two white cell populations. In one pair of chimaeric ewes, breeding tests showed that the major red cell populations in each case were the true genetic type. In the freemartins no correlation was found between the degree of masculinity and the numbers of male lymphocytes. A possible correlation of masculinity with red cell proportions is discussed.

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