ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Gene expression of tumour necrosis factor and insulin signalling-related factors in subcutaneous adipose tissue during the dry period and in early lactation in dairy cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. e194-e202 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sadri ◽  
R. M. Bruckmaier ◽  
H. R. Rahmani ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani ◽  
I. Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Prepartal dietary energy alters transcriptional adaptations of the liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue of dairy cows during the transition period

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 328-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selim ◽  
S. Salin ◽  
J. Taponen ◽  
A. Vanhatalo ◽  
T. Kokkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Overfeeding during the dry period may predispose cows to increased insulin resistance (IR) with enhanced postpartum lipolysis. We studied gene expression in the liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of 16 Finnish Ayrshire dairy cows fed either a controlled energy diet [Con, 99 MJ/day metabolizable energy (ME)] during the last 6 wk of the dry period or high-energy diet (High, 141 MJ/day ME) for the first 3 wk and then gradually decreasing energy allowance during 3 wk to 99 MJ/day ME before the expected parturition. Tissue biopsies were collected at −10, 1, and 9 days, and blood samples at −10, 1, and 7 days relative to parturition. Overfed cows had greater dry matter, crude protein, and ME intakes and ME balance before parturition. Daily milk yield, live weight, and body condition score were not different between treatments. The High cows tended to have greater plasma insulin and lower glucagon/insulin ratio compared with Con cows. No differences in circulating glucose, glucagon, nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, and hepatic triglyceride contents were observed between treatments. Overfeeding compared with Con resulted in lower CPT1A and PCK1 and a tendency for lower G6PC and PC expression in the liver. The High group tended to have lower RETN expression in SAT than Con. No other effects of overfeeding on the expression of genes related to IR in SAT were observed. In conclusion, overfeeding energy prepartum may have compromised hepatic gluconeogenic capacity and slightly affected IR in SAT based on gene expression.

Functional analysis of the dairy cow mammary transcriptome between early lactation and mid-dry period

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Lin ◽  
He Lv ◽  
Minghui Jiang ◽  
Jinyu Zhou ◽  
Shuyuan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Digital Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Gene Ontology Analysis ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Molecular Events

AbstractIn this research communication we used digital gene expression (DGE) analysis to identify differences in gene expression in the mammary glands of dairy cows between early lactation and the mid-dry period. A total of 741 genes were identified as being differentially expressed by DGE analysis. Compared with their expression in dry cows, 214 genes were up-regulated and 527 genes were down-regulated in lactating cow mammary glands. Gene Ontology analysis showed that lactation was supported by increased gene expression related to metabolic processes and nutrient transport and was associated with decreased gene expression related to cell proliferation. Pathway mapping using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes showed that 579 differentially expressed genes had pathway annotations related to 204 pathways. Metabolic pathway-related genes were the most significantly enriched. Genes and pathways identified by the present study provide insights into molecular events that occur in the mammary gland between early lactation and mid-dry period, which can be used to facilitate further investigation of the mechanisms underlying lactation and mammary tissue remodeling in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effects of dry period length and dietary energy source on metabolic status and hepatic gene expression of dairy cows in early lactation

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 1033-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chen ◽  
J.J. Gross ◽  
H.A. van Dorland ◽  
G.J. Remmelink ◽  
R.M. Bruckmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period

Adiponectin gene expression and adipocyte diameter: a comparison between epicardial and subcutaneous adipose tissue in men

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. e153-e156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bambace ◽  
Mariassunta Telesca ◽  
Elena Zoico ◽  
Anna Sepe ◽  
Debora Olioso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Effect of body condition at calving on tissue mobilization, development of fatty liver and blood chemistry of dairy cows

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Reid ◽  
C. J. Roberts ◽  
R. J. Treacher ◽  
L. A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Isolated Adipocytes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Friesian Cows

ABSTRACTAn experiment was performed with two groups of nine British Friesian cows to compare the effect of calving in fat or thin condition on (1) the mobilization and functional activity of subcutaneous adipose tissue, (2) the mobilization of skeletal muscle, (3) the development and resolution of fatty infiltration of the liver and (4) the chemistry and haematology of blood. Sampling was performed at various times during the dry period and subsequent lactation. There were no differences between groups in the amount of adipose tissue mobilized between 4 weeks before and 26 weeks after calving. The lipogenic and lipolytic capacities of isolated adipocytes were also not different between groups at any time although major changes occurred in both over the calving period and during early lactation. Acetate oxidation to carbon dioxide was higher in adipocytes isolated from thin cows particularly after calving. More muscle fibre area was lost in the fat cows compared with the thin cows between 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after calving and the fat cows had greater infiltration of fat in the liver at 1 and 4 weeks after calving than the thin cows. The mean white-cell count was lower and the packed-cell volume was higher in the fat cows than in the thin cows at 1 week after calving. The major differences between groups in blood composition were increased concentrations of copper, non-esterified fatty acids, bilirubin and enzymes such as ornithine carbamyl transferase in the fat cows after calving. These results suggest that fat and thin cows respond differently to the metabolic demands of early lactation and that some of these differences render fat cows more susceptible to disease.

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