Correlation between risk factors for vascular disease and the American Urological Association Symptom Score

Abstract Background Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is the inflammation of the adnexa of the uterus, that mainly manifests in a subclinical/chronic context and goes largely underreported. However, it poses a major threat to women’s health, as it is responsible for infertility and ectopic pregnancies, as well as chronic pelvic pain. Previous studies in Jordan have not reported PID, attributed mainly to the social structure of the country which largely represents a sexually conservative population. Our study aims to report the clinical symptoms that point towards PID and investigate the major risk determinants for the Jordanian population, in a cross-sectional study, using our scoring system based only on clinical data and examination. Methods One hundred sixty-eight consecutive adult women that came in the Outpatient Clinics of Gynaecological Department of the Jordan University Hospital were interviewed and their medical history and symptoms were registered and analysed. A Score for PID symptoms, we developed, was given to each woman. Results and correlations were then statistically tested. Results Our study population consisted of relatively young women (37.7 ± 11) that had their first child at an average age of 24.1 (± 4.8) and a mean parity of 3.1 (± 2.2). Fifty-eight women (34.5%) reported having undergone at least one CS, while the mean PID Symptom Score was 3.3 (± 2.3). The women in our study exhibited 8 symptoms of PID, namely dysmenorrhea and vaginal discharge; being the commonest (45.2% and 44.6% respectively), in addition to chronic pelvic pain, pelvic heaviness, menorrhagia, dyspareunia, urinary symptoms, and smelly urine. They also reported history of 3 conditions that can be attributed to PID, that is infertility, preterm labour, and miscarriages. Conclusions Our PID Scoring System seems to identify the risk factors of PID and predict well the PID likelihood. This score predicts that women with higher parity, who used contraceptives and underwent any invasive medical procedure are expected to score higher in the PID Symptom Score. Our data also suggest that PID should not be ruled out in the Jordanian population when symptoms are compatible to this diagnosis.

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Comparison of risk factors for vascular disease in the carotid artery and aorta in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Arthritis & Rheumatism ◽

10.1002/art.11418 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 151-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 148

Author(s):

Faith Selzer ◽

Kim Sutton-Tyrrell ◽

Shirley G. Fitzgerald ◽

Joan E. Pratt ◽

Russell P. Tracy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Systemic Lupus

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Vascular disease/risk and late-life depression in a Korean community population

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.185.2.102 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 185 (2) ◽

pp. 102-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Jae-Min Kim ◽

Robert Stewart ◽

Il-Seon Shin ◽

Jin-Sang Yoon

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Apoe Genotype ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Late Life ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Previous Stroke ◽

Community Population

BackgroundAssociations between vascular risk factors and late-life depression are controversial.AimsTo investigate the association between measures of vascular disease/ risk and depression and confounding and effect modification by APOE genotype and cognitive function.MethodIn a Korean community population aged 65+ (n=732), diagnosis of depression (Geriatric Mental State Schedule) and information on vascular status, disability, APOE genotype and cognitive function were obtained.ResultsPrevious stroke and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (but neither hypertension nor diabetes) were significantly associated with depression (independently of disability and cognitive function). These associations were stronger in participants with borderline cognitive impairment, although not to a significant extent.ConclusionsExcept for previous stroke and an atherogenic lipid profile, associations between depression and other common risk factors for cerebrovascular disease were not evident.

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Re: Methods of Developing UWIN, the Modified American Urological Association Symptom Score

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.juro.2011.12.119 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 187 (5) ◽

pp. 1935-1936

Author(s):

Tine Hajdinjak

Keyword(s):

Symptom Score ◽

American Urological Association ◽

Re Methods

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Relation of C-reactive protein and other cardiovascular risk factors to penile vascular disease in men with erectile dysfunction

International Journal of Impotence Research ◽

10.1038/sj.ijir.3901012 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 231-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

AJ Bank ◽

KL Billups ◽

DR Kaiser ◽

AS Kelly ◽

RA Wetterling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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Abstract P285: Pattern of Atrial Fibrillation and Risk of Outcomes: The Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap285 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Amitava Banerjee ◽

Sophie Taillandier ◽

Jonas B Olesen ◽

Deirdre A Lane ◽

Benedicte Lallemand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Real World ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Prior History ◽

Previous Stroke ◽

Hospital Institution

Background: The risk of stroke and thromboembolism (TE) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) can be classified in commonly-used stroke risk stratification scores. The role of the pattern of atrial fibrillation in risk prediction is unclear in contemporary ‘real world’ cohorts. Methods: Patients diagnosed with NVAF in a four-hospital-institution between 2000 and 2010 were identified and included. Event rates of stroke/TE were calculated according to pattern of AF, i.e. paroxysmal, persistent and permanent, defined by consensus guidelines. Independent risk factors of stroke/TE were investigated by Cox regression. Results: Among 7156 patients with NVAF, 4176 (58.4%) patients with paroxysmal, 376 (5.3%) with persistent and 2604 (36.3%) with permanent NVAF patterns were included. In non-anticoagulated patients, the overall stroke/TE event rate per 100 person-years was 1.29 (95% CI 1.13–1.47). Paroxysmal NVAF patients were more likely to be female (p<0.001). Persistent NVAF patients were less likely to have prior history of stroke (p–0.002) and vascular disease (p<0.001), and more likely to have hypertension (p<0.001) and vitamin K antagonist therapy (p<0.001). Permanent NVAF patients were more likely to have diabetes (p<0.001), heart failure therapy (p<0.001) and less likely to have dyslipidaemia (p<0.001). Compared with paroxysmal NVAF, rates of stroke/TE (p=0.001), bleeding (p<0.001) and all-cause mortality (p<0.001) were significantly higher in permanent NVAF patients but not in persistent NVAF patients. In multivariate analyses, only previous stroke (hazard ratio, HR 2.58, 95% CI 2.08–3.21), vascular disease (HR 1.34,1.12–1.61), heart failure (HR 1.20,1.00–1.44), age≥75 years (HR 2.75, 2.16–3.50) and age 65–74 years (HR 1.60,1.22–2.09) increased stroke/TE risk, but persistent (HR1.13, 0.76–1.70) and permanent (HR 1.44,0.96–2.16) patterns of NVAF did not. Conclusion: In this large ‘real world’ cohort of NVAF patients, there were significant differences in rates of stroke, TE, death and bleeding between patterns of NVAF, however only previous stroke, age, heart failure and vascular disease (not pattern of NVAF) independently increased the risk of stroke/TE, death and bleeding in multivariate analyses. Therefore, the risk of stroke is similar across all patterns of NVAF and antithrombotic therapy should be based on clinical risk factors not NVAF pattern.

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Abstract P676: Rates of Preventable Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p676 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Rakhee Lalla ◽

Ryan Dunlow ◽

Karen L Yarbrough ◽

Prachi Mehndiratta ◽

Michael S Phipps ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Antiplatelet Agent ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Vascular Risk Factors ◽

Large Vessel ◽

Favorable Outcome ◽

Vascular Risk ◽

History Of

Introduction: The AHA notes that more than 76% of strokes are the first occurrence. There are class 1 recommendations for the management of common risk factors such as atrial fibrillation (AF), hyperlipidemia (HLD), hypertension (HTN), diabetes (DM), and vascular disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the percentage of large vessel strokes that are potentially preventable with adequate management of vascular risk factors. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT) from 2012-2019. Data was collected on vascular risk factors present prior to admission including HTN, DM, HLD, AF, and smoking. Preventable stroke was defined as having at least one of the following: untreated AF, untreated HLD, poorly controlled HTN (presence of left ventricular hypertrophy on transthoracic echo), history of vascular disease not on an antiplatelet agent, poorly controlled DM (A1c>10), current smoking. Groups were compared based on age, sex and 90 day functional outcomes, with favorable outcome defined as mRS ≤ 2. Results: Our sample included 396 patients who underwent EVT (mean age 65, 50% female). 42% of patients with Afib were not on anticoagulation, 31% of patients with HLD were untreated, 39% of patients with HTN were poorly controlled, 27% of patients with a history of vascular disease were not on an antiplatelet, 14% of patients with DM were poorly controlled, and 46% of all patients were smokers. In total, 78% of patients had at least 1 poorly controlled risk factor and 37% had at least 2. There was no difference in rates of preventable stroke between males and females (48% vs 52%, p=0.30) and between age groups above and below 70 (40% vs 60%, p=0.68). 64% of patients with well controlled risk factors had a favorable outcome compared to 51% with at least one poorly controlled risk factor (p=0.03). Conclusions: Our data suggests that despite guidelines on management of vascular risk factors, a large number of these are poorly controlled prior to admission for large vessel stroke, leading to a potentially preventable procedure. Not only could improved primary prevention save the wide array of resources utilized in EVT, but it could also influence long term outcomes in this cohort of patients.

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